1.1 Distribution Of Gloabl TECTONIC

Question 1

What is a hazard?

Answer 1

A potential threat to human life and property.

Question 2

What are the two main types of natural hazards?

Answer 2

Hydro-meteorological (cause by climatic processes ) and geophysical (caused by land-based processes).

Question 3

Where do most geophysical hazards occur?

Answer 3

Near plate boundaries.

Question 4

What causes earthquakes and volcanic activity at plate boundaries?

Answer 4

Plates moving at different speeds and directions, causing collisions.

Question 5

What are intra-plate earthquakes, and what causes them?

Answer 5

Earthquakes near the middle of plates, likely due to reactivated pre-existing weaknesses that then forms seismic waves when reactivated

Question 6

What are volcanic hotspots? and who first theorised them

Answer 6

Localised areas in the lithosphere with high temperature due to upwelling magma from the core, e.g., the Ring of Fire.

First theorised by Tuzo Wilson

Question 7

What occurs at hotspots like Hawaii?

Answer 7

Magma rises as a plume (hot rock) through the lithosphere.

Question 8

Where do the most powerful earthquakes typically occur?

Answer 8

At convergent or conservative plate boundaries.

Question 9

What is the Oceanic Fracture Zone (OFZ)?

Answer 9

A belt of tectonic activity through oceans and mid-ocean ridges through Africa, Red Sea, Dead Sea.

Question 10

What is the Continental Fracture Zone (CFZ)?

Answer 10

A belt of tectonic activity along mountain ranges from Spain to the Middle East and Himalayas.