1.1 Inside the atom

Question 1

What is the charge of a proton relative to a proton?

Answer 1

» + 1

Question 2

What is the charge of an electron relative to a proton?

Answer 2

» - 1

Question 3

What is the charge of a neutron relative to the proton?

Answer 3

» 0

Question 4

What is a nucleon?

Answer 4

» Either we can use the word for a proton or a neutron

Question 5

How does an uncharged atom become an ion?

Answer 5

» If it gains or loses electrons

Question 6

What is an isotope?

Answer 6

» Same version of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 7

What is the Proton number equal to?

Answer 7

» Atomic number

Question 8

What is the symbol for Atomic number?

Answer 8

» Z

Question 9

What is the nucleon number?

Answer 9

» Total number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus

Question 10

What is the nucleon number equal to?

Answer 10

» Mass number of the atom

Question 11

What is the symbol for nucleon number?

Answer 11

» A

Question 12

What is a nuclide?

Answer 12

» Each type of nucleus

Question 13

What is the specific charge of a particle?

Answer 13

» The specific charge of a particle is defined as the charge per unit mass, and its units are Ckg^−1

Question 14

What is the formula for calculating the specific charge of a particle?

Answer 14

Charge of the particle / mass of the particle

Question 15

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 15

» + 1.60x10^-19

Question 16

What is the charge of the neutron?

Answer 16

» 0

Question 17

What is the charge of the electron?

Answer 17

» -1.60x10^-19

Question 18

What is the mass of a proton relative to a proton?

Answer 18

» 1

Question 19

What is the mass of a neutron relative to a proton?

Answer 19

1

Question 20

What is the mass of an electron relative to a proton?

Answer 20

» 0.0005

Question 21

What is the actual mass of a neutron and a proton?

Answer 21

» 1.67x10^-27

Question 22

What is the actual mass of an electron?

Answer 22

» 9.11 x 10^-31

Question 23

What is the specific charge of a nucleus of 1H1?

Answer 23

» Has a charge of 1.60 x 10^-19
» Mass of 1.67 x 10^-27
» Specific charge is therefore 1.76 x 10^11 CKg^-1

Question 24

What is the specific charge of an ion of the magnesium isotope 24 Mg 12?

Answer 24

» Has a charge of 3.2 x 10^-19 - Since it has 2 electrons
» Mass of 3.98 x 10^-26 Kg
» Specific charge is therefore 8.04 x 10 ^6 CKg^-1

Question 25

Which part of the atom has zero charge?

Answer 25

» Neutron

Question 26

Which part of the atom has the largest specific charge?

Answer 26

» Electron

Question 27

Which part of the atom, when removed, leaves a different isotope of the element?

Answer 27

» Neutron

Question 28

What is the charge of a positron?

Answer 28

» +1

Question 29

Why do a positron and an electron curve in the opposite direction in pair production?

Answer 29

» Carry opposite charges,so magnetic field forces them in opposite direction

Question 30

How did carl Anderson deduce the photograph was from a positron rather than an electron traveling in the opposite direction

Answer 30

» Speed is greater where track was curved
» Straighter track is where particle met the plate
» Direction of the curve shows it is positive

Question 31

How do you convert from MeV into Joules

Answer 31

» Times by 1.60 x 10^-13

Question 32

Describe how the strong nuclear force between 2 nucleons varies with the separation of the nucleons

Answer 32

» At a short distance between the nucleons roughly about 3fm, the strong nuclear force begins to overcome the electrostatic repulsion
» At a shorter distance of less than 0.5fm, the strong nuclear force becomes a repulsive force
» At a range larger than 4fm> the strong nuclear force between the nucleons is 0

Question 33

What is the nature of an alpha particle?

Answer 33

» Helium nucleus

Question 34

What is the interaction responsible for beta-decay?

Answer 34

» Weak nuclear force

Question 35

What is one difference between an exchange particle and a photon?

Answer 35

» Photon has a rest mass of 0, whereas exchange particles have non-zero rest mass

Question 36

What will happen to a positron produced by an interaction?

Answer 36

» Positron will annihilate with an electron and its mass will be converted into energy, to produce 2 photons