1.1 Mechanical & Physical Properties of Materials Flashcards
(24 cards)
Compressive Strength
The ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by using forces (compression).
Tensile Strength
The ability to resist stretching or pulling forces (tension).
Bending Strength
The ability to resist forces that may bend the material
Shear Strength
The ability to resist sliding forces on a parallel plane.
Torsional Strength
The ability to withstand twisting forces from applied torque or torsion.
Hardness
The ability to resist abrasive wear such as scratching, surface indentation or torsion.
Toughness
The ability to absorb impact force without fracture.
Plasticity
The ability to be permanently deformed (shaped) and retain the deform shape.
Ductility
The ability to be drawn out under tension, reducing the cross sectional area without cracking, for example stretching a material into a wire.
Malleability
The ability to withstand deformation by compression without cracking; malleability increase with a rise in temperature.
Elasticity
The ability to be deformed and then return to the original shape when the force is removed.
Density
The mass of the material in a standard volume of space.
Fusibility
The ability of the material to be fused or converted from a solid to a liquid or motion state, usually by heat. Good fusibility is an essential property for a metal being cast.
Magnetism
The natural force between objects that causes the material to attract iron or steels.
Corrosion/Degradation Resistance
The ability of the material to withstand environment attack and decay.
Electrical conductor
Allows the flow of electrical current through the material. A good conductor gives very little resistance to the flow of charge
Electrical insulator
Does not allow the flow of electricity through a material
Thermal conductor
Allows the transfer of heat through the material. A material w/high thermal conductivity allows the transfer of heat to occur quickly across the material
Thermal Insulator
Prevents transfer of heat through the material
Opaque
Prevents light from travelling through a material
Translucent
Allows light but diffuses it do that objects appear blurred. E.g. frosted glass
Transparent
Allows light to pass through easily, clearly see through the material
Physical Properties examples
- conductors/insulators
- density
- Fusibility
- corrosion/ degridation resistance
- magnetism
- optical prop
Mechanical Prop examples
- strength
- hardness
- toughness
- ductility
- plasticity
- malleability
- elasticity
