11 Systems of Human Body Flashcards
(22 cards)
Integumentary System - Components
Skin (and associated structures) Hair Fingernails + Toenails Sweat glands Oil glands Subcutaneous layer
Integumentary System - Function
Protects body Regulate body temperature Eliminate wastes Helps make vitamin D Detects sensation (touch, pain, warmth) Stores fat Insulation
Skeletal System - Components
Bones 🦴 + joints + cartilage
Skeletal System - Function
Supports + protects body Provides area for muscle attachment Aids body movement Produce blood 🩸 cells Stores minerals + lipids
Muscular System - Components
Skeletal muscle tissue attached to bones
Muscular System - Function
Body movement
Produce heat
Maintain posture
Cardiovascular System - Components
Blood vessels, heart, blood
Cardiovascular System - Function
Heart pumps blood through blood vessels
Blood carries O2 + nutrients to cells
Blood carries CO2 + wastes away from cells, which regulates:
acid-base balance
Temperature
Water content body fluids
Blood components help fight disease 🦠
Blood components help repair blood vessels
Lymphatic System - Components
Lymphatic fluid Lymphatic vessels Lymph nodes Tonsils Spleen Thymus B cells + T cells (other cells create immune response)
Lymphatic System - Function
Returns protein + fluid to blood
Carries lipids from GI tract to blood
Sites maturation + proliferation of B/T cells (protects body from pathogenic microbes)
Nervous System - Components
Brain 🧠
Spinal cord
Nerves
Sense organs (eyes + ears 👂)
Nervous System - Function
Generates nerve impulses to regulate body activities
Detects + interpret changes in body internal + external environment
Responds to changes by causing muscular contraction or glandular secretion
Endocrine System- Components
Hormone Balancing glands : Pineal gland Hypothalamus gland Pituitary gland Thymus gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Adrenal gland Pancreas Ovaries Testes
Hormone producing cells in other glands
Endocrine System- Function
Regulate body activities by releasing hormones
Hormones act as chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland or tissue to organ
Respiratory System - Components
Lungs Pharynx (throat) Larynx (voice box) Trachea (windpipe) Bronchial tubes (in lungs)
Respiratory System - Function
Transfer O2 (inhaled air) to blood
Transfer CO2 from blood to exhaled air
Regulate acid-base balance of body fluids
Air flow out lungs through vocal cords produces sound
Digestive System - Component
Mouth 👄 + Salivary glands Pharynx (throat) Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Anus
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Digestive System - Function
Physical + Chemical breakdown of food
Absorbs nutrients
Eliminate solid waste
Urinary system - Components
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Urinary system - Function
Produces, stores + eliminate urine
Eliminate waste + regulates volume and chemical composition of blood
Maintain acid-base balance of body fluid
Maintain mineral balance
Regulate production red blood cells (erythropoietin)
Reproductive System - Components
Gonads (testes + ovaries)
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Vagina
Epididymides Seminal vesicles Prostate Ductus vas deferenses Penis
Reproductive System - Function
Gonads produce gametes (sperm + oocytes)
Gonads release hormones that regulate reproduction + other processes
Associated organs transport + store gametes
Mammary glands produce milk
