1100 Words Flashcards

Weeks 1 ~ 46 (1099 cards)

1
Q

abound

[əˈbaʊnd]

A

to exist in very large numbers or quantities :
▪ Stories of illegal business dealings abounded.
▪ Good restaurants abound in the area.
فراوان بودن، زیاد بودن، وفور داشتن، تعیین حدودکردن، محدود کردن

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2
Q

automaton

[ɒˈtɑːməˌtɑːn]

A

1 someone who seems to be unable to feel emotions
2 a machine, especially one in the shape of a human, that moves without anyone controlling it
▪ i wish i could make beats like automaton
ماشین، ماشین خودکار

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3
Q

badger

[ˈbædʒər]

A

to pester; nag; annoy persistently
,Medium sized creatures with black and white coloration. Have been known to congregate and dance. Apparently like mushrooms, but not snakes.
▪ “Stop badgering her, she’s not interested in buying another pair of your cheap trainers.”
دستفروش، دورهگرد، خرده فروش، (جانورشناسی). گورکن،خرسک، شغاره( mustelidae )، (. vt ): سربسر گذاشتن، اذیت کردن، ازار کردن

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4
Q

compound

[kɑːmpaʊnd]

A

1 an area that contains a group of buildings and is surrounded by a fence or wall :
▪ a prison compound
▪ the U.S. Embassy compound
2 a substance containing atoms from two or more element s that together make a different substance. There has to be a fixed quantity of atoms. For example, water is made up of two atoms of hydrogen for every one atom of oxygen :
▪ an organic compound
3 something that consists of a combination of two or more substances :
▪ a rubber compound
4in grammar, a noun, adjective, or verb made up of two or more words. For example, the noun “ice cream” is a compound.
مرکب، چند جزئی، جسم مرکب، لفظ مرکب، بلور دوتایی
محوطه، عرصه، حیاط، ترکیب، جسم مرکب
ترکیب کردن، آمیختن

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5
Q

eminent

[emənənt]

A

famous and admired by many people :
▪ an eminent anthropologist
برجسته، بلند، متعال، (مجازا) بزرگ، والا مقام، هویدا

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6
Q

implore

[ˌɪmˈplɔːr]

A

to ask for something in an emotional way SYN beg
implore somebody to do something
▪ The U.N. implored both groups to end the violence.
درخواست کردن از، عجز و لابه کردن به، التماس کردن به، استغاثه کردن از

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7
Q

indiscriminate

ˌ[ɪndəˈskrɪmənət]

A

1 indiscriminate killing, violence, damage etc. is done without any thought about who is harmed or what is damaged :
▪ the indiscriminate killing of civilians
2not thinking carefully before you make a choice
ناشی از عدم تبعیض، خالی از تبعیض، یکسره

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8
Q

interminable

[ˌɪnˈtɜːrmənəbl̩]

A

very long and boring :
▪ the professor’s interminable lectures
پایان ناپذیر، تمام نشدنی، بسیار دراز

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9
Q

paradox

[ˈperəˌdɑːks]

A

seemingly self-contradictory situation
▪ Those opposite-facing fish of your sign are the perfect expression of paradox.
قولِ تناقض آمیز، جمع اضداد، ضد و نقیض، تناقض گویی، تعارض، شطحیه، لغزواره، فراباور

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10
Q

paradox

[perəˌdɑːks]

A

noun
1 a situation that seems strange because it involves two ideas or qualities that are opposite or very different :
▪ It’s a paradox that in such a rich country there is so much poverty.
2 a statement that seems impossible because it contains two opposing ideas that are both true
3 the use of such statements in writing or speech
قولِ تناقض آمیز، جمع اضداد، ضد و نقیض، تناقض گویی، تعارض، شطحیه، لغزواره، فراباور

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11
Q

perceive

[pərˈsiːv]

A

verb
1 to understand or think of something or someone in a particular way
▪ The tax system was widely perceived (= perceived by many people ) as unfair.
2 to notice something, especially something that is difficult to notice :
▪ Emma perceived a slight bitterness in his tone.
3 technical to be able to see something :
▪ Cats are not able to perceive color.
درک کردن، دریافتن، مشاهده کردن، دیدن، ملاحظه کردن

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12
Q

prognosticate

[prɑːgˈnɑːstəˌket]

A

to be able to tell what will happen in the future

پیش بینی کردن، تشخیص دادن قبلی مرض

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13
Q

realm

[ˈrelm]

A

noun
1 a general area of knowledge, activity, or thought :
▪ the spiritual realm
2 within the realm(s) of possibility possible :
▪ I didn’t think college was even in the realms of possibility for me.
3 politics a country ruled over by a king or queen
قلمرو سلطان، متصرفات، مملکت، ناحیه

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14
Q

steeped

A

to be stressed out, overwhelmed, or generally worn out. like how the tea bag feels after sitting in hot water for so long. to be used as an adjective when describing someone.
▪ My roommate is so steeped right now with finals and everything.
, When your balls get dunked in water after flushing a clogged toilet while seated.
▪ Dude, the school’s toilet was clogged and when I flushed I got steeped in that nasty water.

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15
Q

replete

[riˈpliːt]

A

adjective
1 containing a lot of something
with
▪ a military ceremony replete with honors
2 old-fashioned so full of food or drink that you want no more
کاملا پر، لبریز، چاق، تکمیل، انباشته

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16
Q

tinge

[ˈtɪndʒ]

A

noun
a very small amount of a color, emotion, or quality
▪ She had a tinge of sadness in her voice.
رنگ کم، رنگ جزیی، سایه رنگ، کمی رنگ زدن

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17
Q

voracious

[vɒˈreɪʃəs]

A

adjective
1 eating or wanting large quantities of food :
▪ Kids can have voracious appetites .
2 extremely eager to read books, gain knowledge etc. :
▪ a voracious reader
سبع، پرخور، حریص، پرولع، خیلی گرسنه

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18
Q

to eat humble pie

[ˈhʌmbəlˈpaɪ]

A

to admit your error and apologize
to act very humble when one is shown to be wrong.
▪ I think I’m right, but if I’m wrong, I’ll eat humble pie. You think you’re so smart. I hope you have to eat
فروتنی کردن (به ویژه با توبه و اذعان به لغزشهای خود)، خود را حقیر کردن

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19
Q

a pig in a poke

A

an item you purchase without having seen; a disappointment
, a pig in a poke something you bought without seeing it first and that is not as good or valuable as you expected
, The idiom pig in a poke can also simply refer to someone buying a low-quality pig in a bag because he or she did not carefully check what was in the bag

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20
Q

a flash in the pan

A

promising at the start but then disappointing
, A transient occurrence with no long-term effect.
▪ The concept turned out to be merely a flash in the pan and is no longer used.
,A career notable for early success not followed by significant accomplishment.
▪ He was named best new director of 1940, but his career was a flash in the pan.

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21
Q

accost

[əˈkɒst]

A

to go toward someone you do not know and speak to them in an impolite or threatening way :
▪ Two men accosted her in front of her apartment building.
مخاطب ساختن، مواجه شدن(با)، نزدیک شدن(بهر منظوری)،مشتری جلب کردن(زنان بدکار در خیابان)، نزدیک کشیدن، در امت داد چیزی حرکت کردن(مثل کشتی)

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22
Q

adroit

[əˌdrɔɪt]

A

smart and skillful, especially in the way you use words and arguments :
▪ an adroit negotiator
▪ He adroitly turned the conversation to a new topic.
زرنگ، زبر دست، زیرک، ماهر، چابک، چالاک، تردست، چیره دست

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23
Q

to pour oil on troubled waters

A

To calm something or someone who is tenacious or misbehaving.
▪ better go pour oil on those troubled waters the children are making over there.

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24
Q

cajole

[kəˈdʒoʊl]

A

verb
to gradually persuade someone to do something by being nice to them or making promises to them
▪ Jacobs finally cajoled Beecher into taking the job.
ریشخندکردن، گول زدن، چاپلوسی، گول

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25
enhance | [enˈhæns]
``` verb to make greater; intensify; heighten ,to improve something : ▪ We're using technology to enhance our service. ▪ Herbs enhance the flavor of the meat. بالابردن، افزودن، زیادکردن، بلندکردن ```
26
fabricate | [ˈfæbrəˌket]
verb 1 to invent a story, piece of information etc. in order to deceive someone SYN make up : ▪ Branson later admitted that he had fabricated the whole story. 2 technical to make or produce goods or equipment SYN manufacture : ▪ The discs are expensive to fabricate. ساختن، بافتن و از کار در آوردن، تقلید و جعل کردن
27
felon | [felən]
noun someone who is guilty of a serious crime : ▪ Our prisons are so overcrowded that convicted felons walk free. بزهکار، گناهکار، جانی، جنایت کار
28
furtive | [fɜːrtɪv]
adjective sly; secret; stealthy , behaving as if you want to keep something secret : ▪ She was having a furtive affair with a cameraman. ▪ Tim and Joanie exchanged furtive glances across the room. دزدکی، زیر جلی، پنهان، نهانی، مخفی، رمزی
29
gesticulate | [dʒeˈstɪkjʊleɪt]
to make movements with your arms and hands, usually while speaking, because you are excited, angry, or cannot think of the right words to use : ▪ Jane shouted and gesticulated wildly. با سر و دست اشاره کردن، ضمن صحبت اشارات سر و دستبکار بردن، باژست فهماندن
30
hapless | [hæpləs]
adjective literary unlucky : ▪ Several hapless hikers got caught in the snowstorm. بیچاره
31
intrepid | [ɪnˈtrepəd]
adjective willing to do dangerous things or go to dangerous places: ▪ intrepid explorers با جرات، دلیر، شجاع، بی باک، بی ترس، مته ور
32
irate | [aɪˈreɪt]
extremely angry, especially because you have been treated unfairly : ▪ an irate customer , angry; incensed خشمگین، خشمناک
33
laconic | [ləˈkɒnɪk]
adjective tending to use only a few words when you talk ▪ A laconic phrase or laconism is a concise or terse statement, especially a blunt and elliptical rejoinder کم حرف، مختصر گو، کوتاه، موجز
34
nuance | [ˈnuːans]
noun a very slight hardly noticeable difference in manner, color, meaning etc. : ▪ He was aware of every nuance in her voice. ▪ subtle nuances of meaning فرق جزئی، اختلاف مختصر، نکات دقیق وظریف
35
plethora | [pleθərə]
A lot, a cornicopia, myrid, an abundance ▪ There are a plethora of oppertunities in the future ازدیاد خون در یک نقطه، افراط، ازدیاد
36
pretext | [priːˌtekst]
a reason given for an action, used in order to hide your real intentions ▪ The incident provided the pretext for war. ▪ They used "poor performance" as a pretext to fire him. بهانه، عذر، دستاویز، مستمسک، بهانه اوردن
37
rudimentary | [ˌruːdəˈmentəri]
pertaining to rudiments or first principles; elementary: a rudimentary knowledge of geometry. ▪ The men chattered jovially but quickly turned sour when asked about the civilian implications of their rudimentary weaponry. ناقص، اولیه، بدوی، ابتدایی
38
avid | [ævəd]
adjective doing something as much as you can, because you enjoy it very much : ▪ an avid sailor ▪ an avid supporter of the arts an avid fan (= someone who likes a particular activity, type of music etc. very much ) (Adjective) حریص، ازمند، مشتاق، ارزومند، متمایل
39
reticent | [ˈretəsənt]
adjective unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know about ▪ Shaw has always been reticent about discussing his private life. محتاط در سخن، کم گو
40
throng | [ˈθrɒŋ]
great number of people, crowd ▪ He arrived to see about 200 people, mostly young men, gathering in a throng. گروه، جمعیت، ازدحام، هجوم، ازدحام کردن
41
vigilant | [vɪdʒələnt]
adjective giving careful attention to what is happening, so that you will notice any danger or illegal activity : ▪ Travelers should be vigilant at all times. مراقب، هوشیار، گوش بزنگ، بیدار، حساس
42
Pyrrhic victory | [ˈpɪrɪkˈvɪktəri]
a victory in which the person who wins suffers so much that the victory was hardly worth winning ▪ That sounds like a setup for what is known as a Pyrrhic victory. (پیروزی توام با تلفات و خسارات زیاد) برد پر زیان، برد برابر با باخت، پیروزی بیفایده، پیروزی شکست آمیز
43
a wet blanket | [ˈwetˈblæŋkət]
one who spoils the fun; killjoy; spoilsport ,A negative person who tends to ruin other people's good times. ▪ Don't let Joseph come on the Vegas trip, he's only going to be a wet blanket and take the fun out of everything. پتوی خیسی که برای خاموش کردن اتش بکار رود، مایه یاس، نا امید کردن
44
to beard the lion
to visit and oppose a person on his own grounds ▪ Risks very often don't turn out well, but if you don't face them and beard the lion, you will never achieve the success you truly desire.
45
bristle | [ˈbrɪsl̩]
1 one of the short, stiff, coarse hairs of certain animals, especially hogs, used extensively in making brushes. 2 to stand or rise stiffly, like bristles. Americans tend to bristle even at self-censorship; we are ▪ reluctant to declare that we simply are not going to look at something. ▪ She continued to bristle at being associated with the Mafia because of her father. موی زبر، موی سیخ، موی خوک، سیخ شدن، رویه تجاوزکارانه داشتن، اماده جنگ شدن
46
caustic | [ˈkɑːstɪk]
adjective 1 a caustic remark criticizes someone in a way that is unkind but often humorous : caustic comment/​humor/​criticism etc. ▪ her caustic descriptions of her co-workers ▪ During a visitation on August 14, a caustic and angry Casey reared her head and jurors were seen taking notes. (مجازا) نیشدار، تند، تیز، هجو آمیز، سوزش اور
47
cessation | [ˌseˈseɪʃn̩]
a temporary or complete stopping; discontinuance: a cessation of hostilities. ▪ If any deeper good comes of the gaffe, it would be a cessation of such appearances. ایست، توقف، انقطاع، پایان
48
condolence | [kənˈdoʊləns]
Often, condolences. expression of sympathy with a person who is suffering sorrow, misfortune, or grief. ▪ Before Mr. Chen left the museum, he signed a condolence book by the corner library. همدردی، تسلیت، اظهار تاسف
49
dupe | [duːp]
an easily fooled person ,a person who unquestioningly or unwittingly serves a cause or another person: a dupe of the opponents. ▪ Anyone who disagreed with their thinking, including fellow Republicans, was a traitor, or a liar, or a dupe. ادم گول خور، ساده لوح، گول زدن
50
euphemism | [ˈjuːfəˌmɪzəm]
the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt. ▪ History is likely to dispense with the euphemism of "mowing the lawn" and call this what it is: perpetual war حسن تعبیر، استعمال کلمه نیکو و مطلوبی برای موضوع یا کلمه نامطلوبی.
51
inadvertent | [ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt]
due to an oversight, negligent ▪ Soon Lehrer was owning up to what he claimed were inadvertent errors. سهو، غیر عمدی
52
incipient | [ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt]
starting to happen or exist : ▪ an incipient drinking problem نخستین، بدوی، اولیه، مرحله ابتدایی
53
incongruous | [ˌɪnˈsɪpiənt]
having inconsistent elements ▪ He does not take umbrage at the incongruous presence of the housekeeper in a presidential suite that is still occupied. نخستین، بدوی، اولیه، مرحله ابتدایی
54
infamous | [ˈɪnfəməs]
well known for being bad or morally evil SYN notorious : ▪ an infamous killer ▪ This area is infamous for drugs and prostitution. ▪ The artist formerly known as President Fitz is slated to bring the infamous polygamist to life in an upcoming Lifetime movie. رسوا، بد نام، مفتضح، پست، نفرت انگیز شنیع، رسوای یاور، ننگین، بدنام
55
jostle | [ˈdʒɑːsl̩]
to push or knock against someone, especially in a crowd ▪ Three people were hurt as the crowd jostled each other for a better view. تنه، هل، تکان، تنه زدن
56
lackluster | [ˈlæˌkləstər]
adjective not very exciting, impressive etc. SYN dull : ▪ lackluster economic growth بی نور، تاریک، بدون زرق وبرق، تار وبی برق
57
loathe | [loʊð]
verb to hate someone or something very much SYN detest : ▪ Judy loathes her ex-husband. نفرت داشتن از، بیزار بودن، بد دانستن، منزجر بودن،بیزار کردن، سب بیزاری شدن
58
mundane | [mənˈdeɪn]
1 common; ordinary; banal; unimaginative. 2.of or relating to this world or earth as contrasted with heaven; worldly; earthly: ▪ mundane affairs. 3.of or relating to the world, universe, or earth. ▪ The acts ranged from the mundane to the unexpected: Assisted a tourist with directions because he looked lost. این جهانی، دنیوی، خاکی
59
ominous | [ˈɑːmənəs]
1 portending evil or harm; foreboding; threatening; inauspicious: ▪ an ominous bank of dark clouds. 2.indicating the nature of a future event, for good or evil; having the significance of an omen; being a portent: ▪ Some of these events were immediately ominous, while others only later revealed themselves as such. بدشگون، نامیمون، شوم، بدیمن
60
reprimand | [ɑːmənəs]
verb to tell someone officially that something they have done is very wrong ▪ The officer was officially reprimanded for insulting a local woman. بدشگون، نامیمون، شوم، بدیمن
61
repudiate | [riˈpjuːdiˌet]
verb 1 to disagree strongly with someone or something and refuse to have any association with them or it SYN reject : ▪ Government officials repudiated the treaty. 2 to state or show formally that something is not true or not correct SYN deny : ▪ He repudiated the allegations of bribery. رد کردن، انکار کردن، منکر شدن
62
stipulate | [ˈstɪpjəˌlet]
verb to say that something must be done, when you are making an agreement or offer stipulate that ▪ His will stipulated that his fortune be given to his two daughters. میثاق بستن، پیمان بستن، تصریح کردن
63
tremulous | [ˈtremjələs]
1 (of persons, the body, etc.) characterized by trembling, as from fear, nervousness, or weakness. 2.timid; timorous; fearful. 3.(of things) vibratory, shaking, or quivering. 4.(of writing) done with a trembling hand. Origin of tremulous ▪ This year that tremulous feeling of going to the airport became different. ▪ That tremulous “uhhhh,” which lasted more than a full second, gave the game away. لرزنده، تحریر دار، لرزش دار، مرتعش، بیمناک
64
wrest | [ˈrest]
verb 1 to take power or influence away from someone, especially when this is difficult : ▪ Democrats hoped to wrest control of Congress from the Republicans. 2 to pull something away from someone violently : ▪ He wrested the gun from his assailant. گرداندن، پیچاندن، چلاندن (پارچه)، زور اوردن، فشاراوردن، واداشتن، بزور قاپیدن و غصب کردن، چرخش،پیچش، گردش
65
crocodile tears | [krɑːkəˌdaɪltɪrz]
1 (used with a plural verb) a hypocritical show of sorrow; insincere tears. 2.(used with a singular verb) Pathology. spontaneous tearing initiated by tasting or chewing food, occurring as a result of facial paralysis. ▪ When I use the word crocodile I am not hinting at savage instincts or crocodile tears. ▪ Come, come; don't stand there shedding your crocodile tears; you are found out, and may as well leave off shamming any more. اشک تمساح، اشک دروغی
66
to carry the day | [ˈkæri]
to be the person or thing that is most successful or best liked : ▪ In the end her argument carried the day. ▪ The Republicans carried the day (= won the election ) .
67
Skid Row | [ˈskɪdˈroʊ]
disreputable part of town, inhabited by derelicts and people ▪ Its origins are on Madison Avenue, that is, not skid row or even Main Street. محله مشروب فروشهای ارزان، ناحیه پست
68
to go up in smoke
to come to no practical result if a plan or some work goes up in smoke, it is spoiled or wasted ▪ Then his business went bankrupt and 20 years of hard work went up in smoke. ▪ The research project was canceled, and five years of hard work went up in smoke.
69
alacrity | [əˈlækrəti]
1cheerful readiness, promptness, or willingness: ▪ We accepted the invitation with alacrity. 2.liveliness; briskness. چابکی، نشاط
70
aspirant | [ˈæspərənt]
noun someone who hopes to get a position of importance or honor ▪ This is where the votes are and where aspirant politicians have to aim much of their agenda. جویا، طالب، داوطلب کار یا مقام، ارزومند، حروف حلقی
71
belligerent | [bəˈlɪdʒərənt]
adjective 1 very unfriendly and mean, and wanting to argue or fight : ▪ George was drunk and belligerent. 2 a belligerent country is at war with another country متحارب، متخاصم، جنگجو، داخل درجنگ
72
belittle | [bəˈlɪtl̩]
verb to make someone or something seem small or unimportant : ▪ She always belittled my efforts to speak French. ▪ The Fox News host seemed to belittle Laura Ingraham during an on-air clash about same-sex marriage. کسی را کوچک کردن، تحقیر نمودن، کم ارزش کردن
73
brash | [ˈbræʃ]
adjective 1 behaving in a way that is too confident and determined, and often speaking too loudly or behaving rudely : ▪ a very brash young man 2 a brash building, place, or object attracts attention by being very colorful, large, exciting etc., often in a way that people do not like : ▪ The painting was bold, brash, and modern. عجول و بی پروا، مته ور، گستاخ، بی حیا، بی شرم
74
castigate | [ˈkæstəˌɡet]
VERB to criticize or punish someone severely SYN chastise castigate somebody for doing something ▪ In his speech, he castigated the president for being soft on drugs. تنبیه کردن، شدیدا انتقاد کردن
75
disdain | [ˌdɪˈsdeɪn]
noun a complete lack of respect that you show for someone or something because you think they are not important or good enough SYN contempt for ▪ They expressed disdain for Western pop culture. ▪ She spoke of her ex-husband with disdain . اهانت، استغنا، عار (دانی)، تحقیر، خوار شمردن
76
dregs | [ˈdreɡz]
most worthless part ▪ The fish dies and is brought back to life—along with grandpa—with the dregs of a bag of chips. درد ( dord )، باقی مانده، چیز پست وبی ارزش
77
feint | ˈfeɪnt]
a false attack; pretense; sham ▪ Earl pretended to be making violent efforts to hurl Ensal off of himself, but this was merely a feint. وانمود، نمایش دروغی، تظاهر، خدعه، فریب، (نظامی)حمله خدعه آمیز، وانمود کردن
78
frenzy | [ˈfrenzi]
noun 1 the state of being very anxious, excited, and unable to control your behavior : ▪ Gaetz's last minute goal sent the crowd into a frenzy ▪ a frenzy of looting and killing 2 a period in which people do a lot of things very quickly ▪ Rumors of their divorce stirred up a frenzy of media attention. دیوانه کردن، شوریده کردن، اشفتن، دیوانگی انی، شوریدگی، هیجان
79
laceration | [ˌlæsəˈreɪʃn̩]
noun a serious cut in your skin or flesh ▪ multiple lacerations to the upper arms دریدگی، پارگی
80
intimidate | [ˌɪnˈtɪməˌdet]
verb 1 to frighten someone by behaving in a threatening way, especially in order to make them do what you want : ▪ The gang had been intimidating passengers on the subway. 2 to make someone feel worried and less confident : ▪ Large audiences don't intimidate him. ترساندن، مرعوب کردن، تشر زدن به، نهیب زدن به
81
octogenarian | [ˌɑːktədʒəˈneriən]
person of eighty ▪ The octogenarian Congressman is facing a tough primary against younger opponents. هشتاد ساله، وابسته به ادم ۸۰ ساله
82
promulgate | [proˈməlɡet]
make public, proclaim ▪ The federal and state governments, at their core, establish laws and promulgate rules. اعلام کردن، انتشار دادن، ترویج کردن
83
pugnacious | [pəgˈnæʃəs]
adjective very eager to argue or fight with people ▪ He served as a pugnacious and dedicated leader of the opposition. جنگجو، ستیزه گر
84
scoff | [skɒf]
verb to laugh at a person or idea, and talk about them in a way that shows you think they are stupid at ▪ Parker scoffed at the movie's critics. تمسخر، طنز، طعنه، ریشخند، استهزا ، اهانت وارداوردن، تمسخر کردن
85
scurrilous | [ˈskɜːrələs]
adjective scurrilous remarks, articles etc. contain damaging and untrue statements about someone ▪ This fellow writes in the most scurrilous newspapers; you have told me so yourself. فحاش، بد دهن، ناسزا گو
86
solace | [ˈsɑːləs]
noun a feeling of emotional comfort at a time of great sadness or disappointment : ▪ After his wife's death, Rob sought solace in religion. تسلیت خاطر، مایه تسلی، ارامش، تسکین، ارام کردن،تسلی دادن، تسلیت گفتن
87
sordid | [ˈsɔːrdəd]
``` adjective 1 involving immoral or dishonest behavior : ▪ a sordid affair 2 very dirty and disgusting : ▪ the sordid slums of modern cities پست، خسیس، چرک، کثیف، دون، شلخته، هرزه ```
88
tangible | [ˈtændʒəbl̩]
adjective 1 easy to see or notice, so that there is no doubt ; OPP intangible : ▪ the tangible benefits of the new system ▪ The wins are tangible proof of her skill as a coach. 2 able to be seen and touched : ▪ tangible personal property ▪ The former of these two is love that expresses itself by tangible material aid. قابل لمس، محسوس، پر ماس پذیر، لمس کردنی
89
to throw down the gauntlet
to challenge someone to an argument or to (figurative) combat. ▪ When Bob chal— lenged my conclusions, he threw down the gauntlet. I was ready for an argument. Frowning at Bob is the same as throwing down the gauntlet. He loves to get into a fight about something.
90
feeling no pain
numbed by alcohol and feeling nothing; intoxicated. She fell off the wagon and is feeling no pain. ▪ He drank the whole thing, and he's feeling no pain.
91
Hobson's choice | [ˈhɑːbsənzˌt͡ʃɔɪs]
the choice between taking what is offered and getting nothing at all. (From the name of a stable owner in the seventeenth century who always hired out the horse nearest the door.) ▪ We didn't really want that particular hotel, but it was a case of Hobson's choice. We booked very late and there was nothing else left. If you want a yellow car, it's Hobson's choice. The garage has only one. انتخاب از روی ناچاری، ناگزیر، پیشنهادی که چاره ایجز قبول ان نیست
92
to rule the roost
to be in charge, to be master | ▪ Who rules the roost at your house? Our new office manager really rules the roost.
93
acrimonious | [ˌækrəˈmoʊniəs]
adjective an acrimonious meeting, argument etc. is full of angry remarks because people feel very strongly about something : ▪ an acrimonious divorce تند، زننده، سوزان
94
admonish | [ædˈmɑːnɪʃ]
verb 1 to tell someone severely to change their behavior because they have done something wrong or unacceptable ▪ The witness was admonished for refusing to answer the question. 2 to advise someone very strongly to do something or not to do something ▪ Companies have been admonished to write documents in language the public can understand. نصیحت کردن، پند دادن، اگاه کردن، متنبه کردن، وعظ کردن
95
clandestine | [klænˈdestən]
adjective clandestine activities or organizations are secret, and often illegal : ▪ a clandestine meeting مخفی، غیرمشروع، زیرجلی
96
concur | [kənˈkɜːr]
verb to agree with someone or have the same opinion as them : ▪ "I think we should sell the building." "I concur." ▪ The board members concurred with the recommendations. 2 to happen at the same time SYN coincide : ▪ Everything concurred to produce the desired effect. موافقت کردن، هم رای بودن، دمساز شدن
97
construe | [kənˈstruː]
verb 1 construe something as something to understand a remark or action in a particular way ; OPP misconstrue : ▪ Winston acknowledged that his comments could be construed as racist. 2 to translate each word in a piece of writing, especially one in Greek or Latin تفسیر کردن، تعبیر کردن، استنباط کردن تفسیر کردن، تعبیر کردن، استنباط کردن
98
culprit | [ˈkəlprət]
noun 1 someone who is guilty of a crime or of doing something wrong : ▪ The FBI was called in to help track down the culprits. 2 the reason for or cause of a particular problem or difficulty : ▪ Plaque is the culprit that causes tooth decay. متهم، مقصر، ادم خطاکار یا مجرم
99
duplicity | [duːˈplɪsəti]
noun dishonest behavior that is intended to deceive someone He was irritated, too, by a suspicion of duplicity in the members of the force. دورویی، دورنگی، تزویر، ریا، دولایی
100
duplicity | [duːˈplɪsəti]
noun dishonest behavior that is intended to deceive someone ▪ This perpetual atmosphere of duplicity was positively distasteful. دورویی، دورنگی، تزویر، ریا، دولایی
101
duress | [ˈdʊres]
noun illegal or unfair threats : ▪ The confession was made under duress (= as a result of illegal or unfair threats ) . سختی، سفتی، محکمی، شدت، رفتار خشن وتند، اکراه، اجبار
102
egregious | [ɪˈɡriːdʒəs]
adjective an egregious mistake, failure, problem etc. is extremely bad and noticeable : ▪ The situation at Zefco was one of the most egregious examples of discrimination we have seen. فاحش، بزرگ، برجسته، نمایان، انگشت نما
103
elicit | [əˈlɪsət]
verb to get information, a reaction etc. from someone, especially when this is difficult : ▪ Short questions are more likely to elicit a response. ▪ The circus act elicited "oohs" and "ahs" from the crowd. — elicitation noun [ uncountable ] بیرون کشیدن، استخراج کردن، استنباط کردن
104
ethics | [ˈeθɪks]
noun 1 a general idea or set of moral beliefs that influences people's behavior and attitudes : ▪ the Judeo-Christian ethic 2 moral rules or principles of behavior for deciding what is right and wrong : ▪ Mallett is highly respected for his professional ethics (= the moral rules relating to a particular profession ) . (فلسفه) کردار شناسی، بهخوی شناسی، بهکردار شناسی، علم الاخلاق
105
flagrant | [ˈfleɪɡrənt]
adjective a flagrant action is shocking because it is done in a way that is easily noticed and shows no respect for laws, truth, someone's feelings etc. : ▪ The arrests are a flagrant violation of human rights. اشکار، برملا، انگشت نما، رسوا، وقیح، زشت
106
impunity | [ˌɪmˈpjuːnəti]
noun without punishment or risk of punishment : ▪ The government is corrupt, and steals from its people with impunity. بخشودگی، معافیت از مجازات، معافیت از زیان
107
inane | ˌɪˈneɪn
adjective extremely stupid or without much meaning : ▪ an inane movie تهی، بی مغز، پوچ، چرند، فضای نامحدود، احمق
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inexorable | [ˌɪˈneksərəbl̩]
adjective an inexorable process cannot be stopped : ▪ the inexorable progress of rain forest destruction نرم نشدنی، سخت، سنگدل، بی شفقت، تسلیم نشدنی
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paucity | [ˈpɒsəti]
noun less of something than is needed SYN scarcity : ▪ a paucity of information عدد کم، معدود، اندک، قلت، کمی، کمیابی، ندرت
110
pernicious | [pərˈnɪʃəs]
``` adjective very harmful or evil, but often in a way that is difficult to notice : ▪ the pernicious effects of advertising ▪ a pernicious lie زیان اور، مضر، کشنده، نابود کننده، مهلک ```
111
rampant | [ˈræmpənt]
adjective 1 something such as crime or disease that is rampant is bad, happens often in many different places, and is difficult to control : ▪ rampant inflation ▪ The drug problem continues to run rampant . 2 a rampant plant grows and spreads in a way that is not controlled ▪ She missed the rampant spying on its own citizens by the fearsome FSB. شایع، منتشرشده، فراوان، حکمفرما
112
tolerate | [ˈtɑːləˌret]
verb 1 to allow people to do, say, or believe something without criticizing or punishing them SYN put up with : ▪ Such behavior will no longer be tolerated. ▪ Mom tolerated Dad's smoking. 2 to accept something bad or difficult, even though you do not like it SYN put up with : ▪ He could not tolerate prison life. 3 to treat someone you do not like in a polite but unfriendly way when you have to spend time with them : ▪ The other women tolerated her. تحمل کردن، برخورد هموار کردن، طاقت داشتن، مداراکردن
113
stock in trade | [ˈstɑːkɪnˈtreɪd]
noun 1something that is typical of a particular person or thing, especially what they say or do : ▪ Charm was his stock-in-trade. 2 the things that a person, company, or organization uses in their work or deals in 3 technical the goods kept by a business so that it can operate by selling them ▪ A feeling for language should be part of the stock in trade of any writer. موجودی کالای مغازه، مال التجاره، لوازم وابزار کار،فوت وفن
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to take down a peg
to reprimand someone who is acting too arrogant. The teacher's scolding took Bob down a notch or two. ▪ He was so rude that someone was bound to knock him down a peg or two.
115
pass the buck
to try to blame someone else or make them responsible for something that you should deal with : ▪ a bunch of politicians all trying to pass the buck
116
to lionize a person
to make a big fuss over someone
117
affluent | [ˈæfluːənt]
``` adjective having plenty of money, nice houses, expensive things etc. : ▪ an affluent neighborhood ▪ affluent families فراوان، دولتمند ```
118
chagrin | [ʃəˈɡrɪn]
noun annoyance and sadness because something has not happened in the way you had hoped : ▪ To his chagrin only a small crowd came to watch. ازردگی، غم وغصه، اندوه، الم، تنگدلی، اندوهگین کردن، ازرده کردن
119
consternation | [ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃn̩]
noun a feeling of shock or worry that makes it difficult to decide what to do : ▪ The attack has caused consternation among Western leaders. ▪ A new power station is being built,much to the consternation of environmental groups. بهت، اشفتگی، حیرت، بهت وحیرت
120
deride | [dɪˈraɪd]
to make statements or jokes that show you have no respect for someone or something : ▪ Gavin has derided the efforts at gun control. ▪ Jackson derided the plan as irresponsible. تمسخر کردن، بکسی خندیدن، استهزا کردن
121
confidante | [ˈkɑːnfəˌdænt]
a woman you tell your secrets to or who you talk to about personal things : ▪ They were best friends and confidantes. زن رازدار، زن محرم اسرار
122
discern | [ˌdɪˈsɜːrn]
verb 1 to notice or understand something, especially after thinking about it carefully : ▪ Two distinct trends may be discerned. ▪ Officials were anxious to discern how much public support there was. 2 to see or hear something, especially something that is not easy to see or hear SYN perceive : ▪ The telescope can discern objects incredibly distant in space. تشخیص دادن، تمیز دادن
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disparage | [ˌdɪˈsperɪdʒ]
verb to criticize someone or something in a way that shows you do not think they are very good or important : ▪ He never missed the opportunity to disparage his coworkers. عدم وفق، انکار فضیلت چیزی راکردن، کم گرفتن،بیقدرکردن، پست کردن، بی اعتبارکردن
124
dubious | [ˈduːbiəs]
adjective 1 probably not honest, true, or right : ▪ dubious accounting practices 2 probably not good or not of good quality : ▪ The room was decorated in dubious taste. 3 not sure whether something is good or true SYN doubtful ▪ Many people are dubious about whether the airport will ever be built. مورد شک، مشکوک
125
eschew | [esˈt͡ʃuː]
verb to deliberately avoid doing, using, or having something : ▪ a man who eschews violence اجتناب کردن
126
feasible | [ˈfiːzəbl̩]
adjective a plan, idea, or method that is feasible is possible and is likely to work : ▪ Solar heating is technically and economically feasible. شدنی، عملی، امکان پذیر، میسر، ممکن، محتمل
127
fiasco | [fiˈæskoʊ]
noun something that is completely unsuccessful, in a way that is very embarrassing or disappointing : ▪ The new mall has been an economic fiasco. شکست مفتضحانه، ناکامی، بطری شراب
128
laudable | [ˈlɒdəbl̩]
adjective deserving praise or admiration, even if not completely successful : ▪ Preserving the environment is a laudable goal. ستودنی، ستوده، قابل ستایش
129
masticate | [ˈmæstɪkeɪt]
to chew ,to reduce to a pulp by crushing or kneading, as rubber. ▪ She was trying to masticate these when there came a tap at the door. چاوش کردن، جویدن، نرم کردن، خمیر کردن، بزاقی کردن
130
obsolescence | [ˌɑːbsəˈlesəns]
the state, process, or condition of being or becoming obsolete. ▪ These passages feel the most lived in; aging, for Rebecca Winter, is less frightening than obsolescence. کهنگی، منسوخی، متروکی، از رواج افتادگی
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perfunctory | [pərˈfəŋktəri]
adjective a perfunctory action is done quickly or without interest, and only because people expect it : ▪ a perfunctory apology باری به هر جهت، سرسری، بی مبالات
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perverse | [pərˈvɜːrs]
adjective 1 behaving in an unreasonable way, especially by doing the opposite of what people want or expect : ▪ She gets a perverse satisfaction from embarrassing people. ▪ a perverse policy 2 perverted منحرف، در خطا، گمراه، هرزه، فاسد
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precocious | prɪˈkoʊʃəs]
adjective a precocious child behaves like an adult in some ways, for example by asking difficult and intelligent questions ▪ He is only 47 years old, but to me seemed older than that: a man of precocious aspect and judgment. زود رس، پیش رس، نابهنگام، باهوش
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quell | [ˈkwel]
verb 1 to end a violent situation, especially when people are protesting : ▪ Police fired tear gas to quell the rioting. 2 to reduce or stop feelings of doubt, worry, and anxiety : ▪ The police tried to quell public anxiety about the murders. فرونشاندن، سرکوبی کردن، تسکین دادن
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sally | [ˈsæli]
noun 1 an amusing intelligent remark SYN wisecrack 2 a sudden quick attack and return to a position of defense ▪ He looked at his hero, and then he looked into his mind and saw the picture of sally. یورش، حمله، حرکت سریع، شلیک، یورش اوردن، شلیک کردن، حمله ورشدن، جواب سریع و زیرکانه
136
voluble | [ˈvɑːljəbl̩]
adjective 1 talking a lot 2 a voluble speech, explanation etc. uses a lot of words and is spoken quickly ▪ The likeliest person to defeat the voluble Georgian is Gingrich himself. ▪ He stopped, waiting for Elinor but Elinor for a person so voluble a little while ago seemed curiously unwilling to speak. پر حرف، روان، سلیس، چرب و نرم، خوش زبان
137
I'm from Missouri | [məˈzʊri]
1 abbreviation MO a state in the central U.S. 2 a long river in the U.S., which flows from the Rocky Mountains to join the Mississippi at St. Louis ▪ They were now more than four thousand miles distant from the mouth of the Missouri. ▪ You'll have to prove it to me. I'm from Missouri. She's from Missouri and has to be shown. (Noun) سرخپوست میسوری (قبیلهی میسوری سابقا در میسوری و نبراسکا میزیسته) (Noun) زبان میسوری رود میسوری (از جنوب غربی مونتانا آغاز شده و در حوالی شهر سنت لوئیس به رود میسیسیپی میریزد) ایالت میسوری (در مرکز امریکا - مرکز: 180486 - Jefferson City کیلومتر مربع - مخفف: MO یا Mo)
138
red-letter day
noun a day that you will always remember because something special happens that makes you very happy ▪ Today was a red-letter day in our history. It was a red-letter day for our club. ▪ The red-letter day, since such it deservedly is, on which this universal melodist first saw the light was the 10th October 1813.
139
let sleeping dogs lie
Prov. Do not instigate trouble.; Leave something alone if it might cause trouble. ▪ Jill: Should I ask the boss if he's upset at my coming in late in the mornings? Jane: If he hasn't said anything about it, just let sleeping dogs lie. I thought I would ask Jill if she wanted me to pay her back right away, but then I decided to let sleeping dogs lie.
140
thumbs down
signal of rejection ▪ The programs were nominated for several Emmy Awards and introduced the classic “thumbs up” or “thumbs down” critical technique. ▪ The spectator has no need to turn his thumbs down, as no quarter is given.
141
arbitrary | [ˈɑːrbəˌtreri]
decided or arranged without any reason or plan, often unfairly : ▪ arbitrary arrests and imprisonments اختیاری، دلخواه، مطلق، مستبدانه، قراردادی
142
cognizant | [ˈkɑːɡnəzənt]
1 having cognizance; aware (usually followed by of): He was cognizant of the difficulty. 2.having legal cognizance or jurisdiction. ▪ I am cognizant of the learning curve and the importance of understanding the process of manufacturing, concept to delivery. اگاه، باخبر
143
effigy | [ˈefɪdʒi]
noun plural effigies [ countable ] 1 a figure made of wood, paper, stone etc., that looks like a person, especially one that makes the person look ugly or funny ▪ Protesters unveiled an effigy of the mayor. 2 to burn or hang a figure of someone at a political demonstration تمثال، صورت، پیکر، تمثال تهیه کردن، پیکرک
144
exacerbate | [ɪgˈzæsərˌbeɪt]
verb to make a bad situation worse : ▪ Tiredness can exacerbate the symptoms. ▪ His comments have exacerbated racial tensions in the city. بدترکردن، تشدید کردن، برانگیختن
145
flout | [ˈflaʊt]
verb to deliberately disobey a law, rule etc. : ▪ Too many people regularly flout traffic laws. دست انداختن، استهزا کردن، اهانت یا بی احترامی کردن، مسخره، توهین
146
forthwith | [ˌfɔːrˈθwɪθ]
adverb immediately ▪ Sanctions will take effect forthwith. انا، فورا، بیدرنگ
147
fray | [freɪ]
noun 1 an argument, fight, or uncontrolled situation : ▪ Three civilians were injured during the fray. enter/​join the fray ▪ Several national organizations have joined the fray, 2 to not be involved in a fight or argument : ▪ Watkins always tried to stay above the political fray and concentrate on her work. (قدیمی) ترساندن، هراساندن
148
harass | [həˈræs]
verb 1to annoy or threaten someone again and again SYN hassle : ▪ Black teenagers are being constantly harassed by the police. ▪ He denied sexually harassing her. 2 to annoy someone by interrupting them again and again over a long period of time SYN pester : ▪ parents harassed by their kids بستوه اوردن، عاجز کردن، اذیت کردن، (نظامی) حملات پیدرپی کردن، خسته کردن
149
implacable | [ˌɪmˈplækəbl̩]
adjective determined to do something, especially to continue opposing someone or something : ▪ an implacable enemy سنگدل، کینه توز
150
indigent | [ˈɪndɪdʒənt]
adjectiv not having much money or many possessions SYN poor ▪ She emphasizes that the indigent detainees who will benefit from this program are not all undocumented. تهیدست، تهی، خالی، تنگدست
151
jurisdiction | [ˌdʒʊrəˈsdɪkʃn̩]
noun law the official right or power to make legal decisions, or the area where this right exists ▪ The U.S. has no legal jurisdiction over crimes committed outside the country. حوزه قضایی، قلمرو قدرت
152
monolithic | [ˌmɑːnəˈlɪθɪk]
``` adjective 1 a monolithic organization, political system etc. is very large and powerful and difficult to change : ▪ monolithic corporations 2very large, solid, and impressive : ▪ monolithic office buildings یک پارچه ```
153
oust | [ˈaʊst]
verb to force someone out of a position of power, especially so that you can take their place oust somebody from something ▪ The next month he was ousted from the board of directors. برکنار کردن، دورکردن، اخراج کردن
154
paroxysm | [ˈpærəksɪzəm]
noun 1 a sudden expression of strong feeling that you cannot control 2a sudden short attack of pain, coughing, shaking etc. ▪ paroxysms of coughing گهگیری، حمله ناگهانی مرض، تشنج
155
reprehensible | [ˌreprəˈhensəbl̩]
adjective bad and deserving criticism : ▪ I find their behavior morally reprehensible . سزاوار سرزنش، سرزنش کردنی
156
revert | [rɪˈvɜːrt]
verb 1 to go back to a former condition or habit, especially one that was bad : ▪ Brian reverted to his normal happy self as soon as his father returned. 2 to return to a former habit, practice, belief, condition, etc.: ▪ They reverted to the ways of their forefathers. برگشتن، رجوع کردن، اعاده دادن، برگشت
157
skirmish | [ˈskɜːrmɪʃ]
Military. a fight between small bodies of troops, 1especially advanced or outlying detachments of opposing armies. 2. any brisk conflict or encounter: She had a skirmish with her landlord about the rent. ▪ The first skirmish in the renewed battle for gender wage equality seemed to be won by Republicans. کشمکش، زد وخورد، جنگ جزئی، زد وخورد کردن
158
stymie | [ˈstaɪmi]
noun 1.Golf. (on a putting green) an instance of a ball's lying on a direct line between the cup and the ball of an opponent about to putt. 2.a situation or problem presenting such difficulties as to discourage or defeat any attempt to deal with or resolve it. verb (used with object), stymied, stymieing. 3.to hinder, block, or thwart. قرار گرفتن، توپ گلف یک بازیکن در جلو توپ بازیکن دیگر، مانع شدن، گیر کردن
159
terminate | [ˈtɜːrməˌnet]
verb 1 if something terminates, or if you terminate it, it ends : ▪ The contract terminates at the end of the year. ▪ Doctors may terminate a pregnancy when the life of the mother is at risk. 2to remove someone from a job SYN fire : ▪ Two of his co-workers were terminated. بپایان رساندن، خاتمه دادن، منقضی کردن، فسخ کردن،محدود کردن، خاتمه یافتن
160
turbulent | [ˈtɜːrbjələnt]
adjective 1 a turbulent situation or period of time is one in which there are a lot of sudden changes and often wars or violence : ▪ a turbulent relationship ▪ Jason grew up in the South during the turbulent years of the 1960s. 2 turbulent air or water moves around a lot because of the wind : ▪ the turbulent white sea سرکش، گردنکش، یاغی، متلاطم، اشفته
161
cause celebre
noun an event or legal case that a lot of people become interested in, because it is an exciting subject to discuss or argue about : ▪ Her comments were published and became a cause célèbre. (فرانسه) محاکمه یا دعوی یا ماجرای مشهور
162
one swallow doesn't make a summer
don't jump to conclusions based on incomplete evidence , A single instance of something is just that; it doesn't indicate a trend. ▪ they won their last game but one swallow doesn't make a summer. They're still bottom of the league.
163
bitter pill to swallow
something very bad that you have to accept : ▪ Losing the business was a bitter pill to swallow. ▪ It was a bitter pill for her brother to swallow when she married his enemy. We found his deception a bitter pill to swallow.
164
have an ax to grind
having a selfish motive in the backround , to have a personal reason for doing something : ▪ I have no political ax to grind. ▪ His interest may be sincere, but I suspect he has an ax to grind.
165
afflict | [əˈflɪkt]
verb to make someone or something become seriously ill or experience serious problems : ▪ This type of pneumonia frequently afflicts elderly people. be afflicted by/​with something ▪ Several of her friends had been afflicted with Alzheimer's Disease. ▪ a region afflicted by famine رنجورکردن، ازردن، پریشان کردن، مبتلا کردن
166
ascend | [əˈsend]
verb 1 to move up through the air ; OPP descend : ▪ The plane ascended rapidly. 2 to climb something or walk to a higher position, for example on a slope : ▪ It was snowing as they ascended the final peak. 3 to move to a more important or responsible job, or to move higher in rank ▪ Thomas ascended to the Supreme Court. فرازیدن، بالارفتن، صعود کردن، بلند شدن، جلوس کردن بر
167
besiege | [bəˈsiːdʒ[
verb 1 if people, thoughts etc. besiege you, you are surrounded by them ▪ a movie star besieged by reporters and photographers 2 be besieged with letters/​demands/​requests etc. ▪ Her friends were besieged with calls. 3 to surround a city, building etc. with a military force until the people inside let you take control : ▪ Opposition forces besieged the parliament building. محاصره کردن محاصره کردن
168
emaciated | [əˈmeɪʃiˌetəd]
adjective extremely thin from lack of food or illness : ▪ The prisoners were sick and emaciated. لاغر،گوشت رفته
169
fretful | [ˈfretfəl]
adjective anxious and complaining, especially about small or unimportant things : ▪ The baby was tired and fretful. اخمو، ناراحت، جوشی
170
harbinger | [ˈhɑːrbəndʒər]
noun a sign that something is going to happen soon SYN herald ▪ The increase in home prices may be a harbinger of better economic times. پیشرو، منادی، جلودار، قاصد
171
excruciating | [ɪkˈskruːʃiˌetɪŋ]
adjective 1 extremely painful : ▪ The pain in my knee was excruciating. 2 extreme in a negative, unpleasant, or upsetting way : ▪ Witnesses described the brutal attack in excruciating detail. مشقت بار
172
malignant | [məˈlɪɡnənt]
adjective 1 a malignant tumor , disease etc. is one that develops quickly and cannot be easily controlled and is likely to cause death ; OPP benign : ▪ malignant cells 2 showing hatred and a strong desire to harm someone ; OPP benign : ▪ malignant thoughts بدطینت، خطرناک، زیان اور، صدمه رسان، کینه جو،بدخواه، متمرد، سرکش، (پزشکی)بدخیم
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malnutrition | [ˌmælnuːˈtrɪʃn̩]
noun 1.lack of proper nutrition; inadequate or unbalanced nutrition. ▪ The troops, weakened by continual hardships and malnutrition, were an easy prey to dysentery and similar ailments. سو تغذیه، تغذیه ناقص، نرسیدن مواد غذایی
174
privation | [praɪˈveɪʃn̩]
noun a lack or loss of the things that everyone needs, such as food, warmth, and shelter : ▪ times of privation محرومیت، محروم سازی، تعلیق مقام، سختی
175
remote | [rɪˈmoʊt]
adjective 1 far away in space or time : ▪ remote parts of the solar system 2 far from towns or where people are : ▪ a remote mountain village 3 very unlikely : ▪ The risk of infection is remote. a remote chance/​possibility 4 very different from something else, or not closely related to it ▪ The book's description of the war seemed very remote from his own experience. دور، پرت، دور دست، جزئی، کم، بعید، متحرک
176
respite | [ˈreˌspɪt]
noun a short time when something bad stops happening, so that the situation is temporarily better from ▪ a brief respite from the recent hot weather مهلت، فرجه، امان، استراحت، تمدید مدت، رخصت، فرجه دادن
177
sanctuary | [ˈsæŋkt͡ʃuːˌeri]
noun 1 safety and protection from danger, or protection from police, soldiers etc. : ▪ He is suspected of giving sanctuary to terrorists. ▪ Hundreds of civilians have sought sanctuary at churches and embassies. 2 a place that is safe and provides protection, especially for people who are in danger SYN refuge ▪ The center is a sanctuary for battered women. 3 an area for birds or animals where they are protected and cannot be hunted : bird/​wildlife etc. ▪ Pollution is threatening the marine sanctuary. جایگاه مقدس، حرم مطهر، بستگاه، مخفیگاه، پناهگاه،تحصین، حق بست نشینی
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sanctuary | [ˈsæŋkt͡ʃuːˌeri]
noun 1 safety and protection from danger, or protection from police, soldiers etc. : ▪ He is suspected of giving sanctuary ▪ Hundreds of civilians have sought sanctuary at churches and embassies. 2 a place that is safe and provides protection, especially for people who are in danger SYN refuge ▪ The center is a sanctuary for battered women. 3 an area for birds or animals where they are protected and cannot be hunted : bird/​wildlife etc. sanctuary ▪ Pollution is threatening the marine sanctuary. جایگاه مقدس، حرم مطهر، بستگاه، مخفیگاه، پناهگاه،تحصین، حق بست نشینی
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sinister | [ˈsɪnəstər]
adjective making you feel that something evil, wrong, or illegal is happening or will happen : ▪ a sinister laugh ▪ A sinister figure lurked in the shadows. there is something/​nothing sinister... ▪ There was something sinister about the way things happened. گمراه کننده، بدخواه، کج، نادرست، خطا، فاسد، بدیمن، بدشگون، نامیمون، شیطانی
180
surge | [ˈsɜːrdʒ]
verb 1 to suddenly move forward very quickly forward/​through/​into etc. ▪ The crowd surged forward. 2 to increase suddenly by a large amount : ▪ Auto sales surged more than 60% last year. 3 if a feeling surges or surges up, you begin to feel it very strongly : ▪ Rage surged up inside him. 4 if a large amount of water, electricity etc. surges somewhere, it moves there very suddenly and powerfully : ▪ Waves surged over the seawalls. موج بلند، موج غلتان، موج خروشان، جریان سریع وغیرعادی، برق موجی از هوا، تشکیل موج دادن، موجداربودن، خروشان بودن، موج زدن
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succumb | [səˈkəm]
verb 1 to stop opposing someone or something that is stronger than you, and allow them to take control SYN give in ▪ The country has not yet succumbed to pressure to stop nuclear testing. ▪ I succumbed to temptation and ordered the pie. 2 if you succumb to an illness, you become very sick or die of it ▪ Lewis succumbed to cancer in 2003. از پای در آمدن، تسلیم شدن، سرفرود اوردن از پای در آمدن، تسلیم شدن، سرفرود اوردن
182
thwart | [ˈθwɔːrt]
verb to prevent something from succeeding or prevent someone from doing what they are trying to do : ▪ Efforts to clean up the oil spill have been thwarted by storms. بی نتیجه گذاردن، خنثی کردن، حائل کردن، عقیم گذاردن، مخالفت کردن با، انسداد اریب، کج، در سرتاسر(چیزی) ادامه دادن یا کشید
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tranquil | [ˈtræŋkwəl]
adjective pleasantly calm, quiet, and peaceful : ▪ a tranquil pool of water ارام، اسوده، بی جنبش، درحال سکون
184
ubiquitous | [juːˈbɪkwətəs]
adjective seeming to be everywhere : ▪ Coffee shops are ubiquitous these days. حاضر، همه جا حاضر، موجود درهمه جا
185
sour grapes
to disparage something that you cannot have a situation in which someone is pretending that they dislike something because they want it but cannot have it : ▪ This may sound like sour grapes, but I don't think I would have taken the job anyway. غوره، انگور ترش (به مضمون داستان روباهی که دستش به انگور نمیرسید لذا گفت ترش است) تحقیر یا رد کردن چیزی که برای انسان میسر نیست
186
swap horses in midstream
to vote against a candidate running for reelection, to change one's mind ▪ I'm already baking a cherry pie. I can't bake an apple pie. It's too late to change horses in the middle of the stream. The house is half-built. It's too late to hire a different architect.
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to cool one's heels
Wait or be kept waiting, as in I've been cooling my heels in the doctor's waiting room for at least an hour. This term originally meant to cool one's feet when they become hot from walking, and began to be used ironically for being forced to rest (or wait) in the early 1600s.
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a red herring | [ˈredˈherɪŋ]
something that diverts attention from the main issue , something that takes people's attention away from the main subject being talked or written about ▪ About halfway through the book it looked as though the butler was the murderer, but that turned out to be a red herring. (جانورشناسی) شاه ماهی سرخ، موضوع مطرح شده برای فرار ازطرح موضوع مورد بحث، (خودمانی) پی نخود سیاه فرستادن
189
adverse | [ædˈvɜːrs]
adjective not good or favorable ; OPP favorable : ▪ adverse publicity an adverse impact/​effect ▪ The chemicals have an adverse effect on human health. adverse conditions (= conditions that make it difficult for something to happen or exist ) ▪ We had to abandon the climb because of adverse weather conditions. مخالف، مغایر، ناسازگار، مضر، روبرو
190
advocate | [ˈædvəkət]
verb to publicly support a particular way of doing things : ▪ The extremists openly advocate violence. دفاع کردن، طرفداری کردن، حامی، طرفدار، وکیل مدافع
191
amicable | [ˈæmɪkəbl̩]
adjective an amicable agreement, relationship etc. is one in which people feel friendly toward each other and do not want to argue : ▪ amicable relations among employees an amicable solution/​agreement ▪ The parties have reached an amicable agreement. موافق، دوست، دوستانه
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asset | [ˈæˌset]
noun 1 the things that a company or person owns, that can be sold to pay debts : ▪ Currently, they have $6,230,000 in assets . ▪ Stocks, bonds, and bank deposits are financial assets (= assets that are not things, but instead claims on something of value ) . 2 something or someone that is useful because they help you succeed or deal with problems : ▪ A sense of humor is a big asset in this job. چیز با ارزش و مفید، ممر عایدی، سرمایه، دارایی، جمع دارایی شخص که بایستی بابت دیون او پرداخت گردد
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astute | [əˈstuːt]
adjective able to understand situations or behavior very well and very quickly, especially so that you can be successful : ▪ astute management ▪ an astute judge of talent زیرک، ناقلا، دانا، هوشیار، محیل، دقیق، موشکاف
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bigot | [ˈbɪɡət]
prejudiced person He was a bigot, but he understood, correctly, that reproductive issues are often global. ادم ریاکار، ادم خرافاتی، متعصب
195
blatant | ˈbleɪtənt
adjective an action that is blatant is obviously bad, but the person or people responsible for it are not embarrassed or ashamed SYN flagrant : ▪ blatant discrimination ▪ At first I tried ignoring his blatant sexual hints. پرسروصدا، شلوغ کننده، خودنما، خشن، رسوا
196
entourage | [ˌɑːntʊˈrɑːʒ]
noun a group of people who travel with an important person : ▪ Mr. Stallone and his entourage محیط، دور و بر اطرافیان، دوستان، همراهان
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extortion | [ɪkˈstɔːrʃn̩]
noun 1.an act or instance of extorting. 2.Law. the crime of obtaining money or some other thing of value by the abuse of one's office or authority. 3.oppressive or illegal exaction, as of excessive price or interest: the extortions of usurers. 4.anything extorted. ▪ There are limits to the painting of banditry and extortion as the legitimate raising of taxes. اخذ بزور و عنف، اخاذی، اجحاف، زیاده ستانی
198
impresario | [ˌɪmpreˈsɑːriˌoʊ]
noun, plural impresarios. 1.a person who organizes or manages public entertainments, especially operas, ballets, or concerts. 2.any manager, director, or the like. ▪ The impresario that provides the opera could not sing nor dance. مدیر اماکن تفریحی و نمایشی، مدیر اپرا، مدیر یاراهنمای اپرا و کنسرت
199
ineffectual | [ˌɪnəˈfekt͡ʃuːəl]
adjective 1 not having the ability, confidence, or personal authority to get things done SYN ineffective : ▪ an ineffectual leader 2 something that is ineffectual does not achieve what it is intended to achieve SYN ineffective : ▪ ineffectual attempts to reach an agreement بیهوده، بی نتیجه، بی اثر، غیر موثر، بیفایده
200
malady | [ˈmælədi]
noun 1 something that is wrong with a system or organization : ▪ The airline suffers from a common malady - lack of cash. ناخوشی، فاسد شدگی، بیماری، مرض
201
malady | [ˈmælədi]
noun 1 something that is wrong with a system or organization : ▪ The airline suffers from a common malady - lack of cash. 2 especially written an illness ناخوشی، فاسد شدگی، بیماری، مرض
202
nefarious | [nəˈferiəs]
adjective evil or criminal : ▪ murder, blackmail, and other nefarious activities شریر، زشت، نابکار، بدکار، شنیع، ناهنجار
203
scrutinize | [ˈskruːtəˌnaɪz]
to examine someone or something very thoroughly and carefully SYN examine : ▪ He scrutinized the photo closely . موشکافی کردن، مورد مداقه قرار دادن
204
solicit | [səˈlɪsət]
verb 1 to ask someone for money, help, or information : ▪ Certain federal employees are forbidden from soliciting campaign funds. ▪ School officials have been soliciting ideas from parents. 2 to sell something by taking orders for a product or service, usually by going to people's houses or businesses : ▪ No soliciting on company premises is allowed. درخواست کردن، التماس کردن، خواستن، تقاضا کردن،جلب کردن، تشجیع کردن، خواستاربودن، بیرون کشیدن،وسوسه کردن
205
spew | [ˈspjuː]
verb 1 to flow out of something in quantities that are too large, or to make something, especially something unwanted, flow out in this way ▪ Black smoke spewed out from the car's exhaust pipe. spew something into/​over etc. 2 if you spew a lot of bad or negative things or they spew out of you, you say them very quickly : ▪ The group uses the Internet to spew religious hatred. قی کردن، فوران کردن (مواد اتشفشانی)، با فشار خارج کردن، بخارج ریختن
206
venom | [ˈvenəm]
noun 1 a liquid poison that some snakes, insects etc. produce and that they use when biting or stinging another animal or insect 2 extreme anger or hatred : ▪ Suzanne reacted with angry venom. زهر، سم، زهر مار و عقرب و غیره، کینه، مسموم کردن،مسموم شدن
207
vexatious | [vekˈseɪʃəs]
adjective 1.causing vexation; troublesome; annoying: a vexatious situation. 2.Law. (of legal actions) instituted without sufficient grounds and serving only to cause annoyance to the defendant. 3.disorderly; confused; troubled. ▪ I was still wrestling with this vexatious question when I came to my mother's house. دل ازار، رنجش آمیز، اشفته، مضطرب
208
virulent | [ˈvɪrələnt]
adjective 1 a virulent poison, disease etc. is very dangerous and affects people very quickly : ▪ a more virulent strain of HIV 2 full of hatred for something, or expressing this in a strong way : ▪ virulent nationalism زهراگین، سم دار، تلخ، تند، کینه جو، بدخیم
209
to spill the beans
to give away a secret or a surprise. ▪ There is a surprise party for Heidi on Wednesday. Please don't spill the beans. Paul spilled the works about Heidi's party.
210
cold feet
to suddenly feel that you are not brave enough to do something you planned to do : ▪ They got cold feet and canceled the order.
211
stiff upper lip
to be courageous in the face of trouble ▪ He countered with a classic British defense: the stiff upper lip. ▪ We got to keep a stiff upper lip, baby sister," she would say, with an encouraging pat.
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look a gift horse in the mouth
to be ungrateful to someone who gives you something; to treat someone who gives you a gift badly. (Usually with a negative.) Never look a gift horse in the mouth. ▪ I advise you not to look a gift horse in the mouth.
213
desist | [dəˈsɪst]
``` verb to stop doing something from ▪ The government urged the rebels to desist from their terrorist actions. بازایستادن، دست برداشتن از، دست کشیدن ```
214
doleful | [ˈdoʊlfʊl]
adjective very sad : ▪ a doleful look مغموم، محزون
215
elusive | [əˈluːsɪv]
adjective 1 difficult to find, or not often seen : ▪ The fox is a sly elusive animal. 2 an elusive idea or quality is difficult to describe, understand, or remeber : ▪ the elusive key to corporate success 3 an elusive result is difficult to achieve : ▪ The team came within one game of the elusive state championship. گریزان، فراری، کسی که از دیگران دوری می‌کند ، طفره زن
216
engrossed | [ɪnˈɡroʊst]
verb 1 to be so interested in something that you do not notice anything else : ▪ She was too engrossed in her phone conversation to notice. 2 to be or become very interesting to someone, so that they do not notice anything else : ▪ The murder trial had engrossed the small Ohio town for months. انحصارشده، کاملا اشغال شده، مجذوب[
217
frustrate | [ˈfrəˌstret]
verb 1 if something frustrates you, it makes you feel annoyed or angry because you are unable to do what you want : ▪ What frustrates voters is the slow pace of change. 2 to prevent someone's plans, efforts or attempts from succeeding : ▪ Thick fog frustrated their attempt to land on the tiny island. خنثی کردن، هیچ کردن، باطل کردن، ناامید کردن، فکرکسی را خراب کردن، فاسدشدن
218
histrionics | [ˌhɪstriˈɑːnɪks]
noun, 1.dramatic representation; theatricals; acting. 2.behavior or speech for effect, as insincere or exaggerated expression of an emotion; dramatics; operatics: نمایش، اجرا نمایش، ظاهرسازی، صحنه سازی
219
imminent | [ˈɪmənənt]
adjective an event that is imminent will happen very soon SYN impending : ▪ A new trade agreement is imminent. ▪ There is no imminent danger of the hurricane hitting ▪ Reporters have predicted his قریب الوقوع، حتمی
220
inclement | [ˌɪnˈklemənt]
adjective 1.(of the weather, the elements, etc.) severe, rough, or harsh; stormy. 2.not kind or merciful. ▪ The delicate forms were here protected from inclement weather, and the work was seen in pleasant, subdued, reflected light. شدید، بی اعتدال
221
interject | [ˌɪntərˈdʒekt]
verb to interrupt what someone else is saying with a sudden remark : ▪ "Of course not!" Garland interjected. در میان اوردن، بطور معترضه گفتن، در میان انداختن، در میان آمدن، مداخله کردن
222
inert | [ˌɪˈnɜːrt]
adjective 1 not producing a chemical reaction when combined with other substances : ▪ inert gases 2 not moving or not having the strength or power to move : ▪ She lay there, inert. 3 very slow and unwilling to take any action : نا کار، فاقد نیروی جنبش، بیروح، بیجان، ساکن، راکد ▪ The government was inert and inefficient.
223
mastiff | [ˈmæstəf]
noun 1.one of a breed of large, powerful, short-haired dogs having an apricot, fawn, or brindled coat. ▪ First thing I knew I heard Bertha calling at the top of her little voice to the mastiff. (جانورشناسی) سگ بزرگی که گوش ها ولبهایش اویخته است، بولدوگ
224
obsess | [əbˈses]
verb 1 something or someone obsesses you, you think about them all the time and you cannot think of anything else ▪ Why are you so obsessed with your hair? ▪ Jody has been obsessed with this guy for months. 2 to think about something or someone much more than is necessary or sensible : ▪ Stop obsessing about your weight. You look fine. ازار کردن، ایجاد عقده روحی کردن
225
pertinent | [ˈpɜːrtənənt]
adjective directly relating to something that is being considered SYN relevant : ▪ pertinent questions ▪ The information is not pertinent to this study. وابسته، مربوط
226
peruse | [pəˈruːz]
verb (used with object), perused, perusing. 1.to read through with thoroughness or care: to peruse a report. 2.to scan or browse: The shoppers perused the magazines near the cash register while waiting to check out. 3.to read. 4.to survey or examine in detail. بررسی کردن، بدقت خواندن
227
premonition | [preməˈnɪʃn̩]
a strange feeling that cannot be explained that something, especially something bad, is going to happen : ▪ She had a premonition that something bad would happen. ▪ a premonition of death تحذیر، اخطار، برحذر داشتن، فکر قبلی
228
recoil | [riˌkɔɪl]
verb 1 to feel such a strong dislike of a particular situation that you want to avoid it ▪ She recoiled at the violence on screen. ▪ People recoiled in horror from the destruction of the war. 2 to move back suddenly and quickly from something you do not like or are afraid of SYN shrink ▪ Anna recoiled from his touch. 3 if a gun recoils, it moves backward very quickly when it is fired بحال خود برگشتن، بحال نخستین برگشتن، پس زدن، عودکردن، پس نشستن، فنری بودن، (با on و upon ) واکنش داشتن
229
salient | [ˈseɪliənt]
adjective the salient points or features of something are the most important or most noticeable parts of it : salient point/​feature/​fact etc. ▪ Four salient points emerged from our study. برجسته،نمایان،رو به بیرون،(بزبان شوخی)جست وخیز کننده
230
squeamish | [ˈskwiːmɪʃ]
adjective easily shocked or upset, or easily made to feel sick by seeing unpleasant things about ▪ Some people are squeamish about blood. استفراغی، بی میل، سخت گیر، نازک نارنجی، باحیا
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symptomatic | ˌsɪmptəˈmætɪk]
adjective 1if a situation or type of behavior is symptomatic of something, it shows that a serious problem exists : ▪ Poor grades could be symptomatic of a learning disorder. 2 related to medical symptoms مطابق نشانه بیماری، نماینده، حاکی، حاکی از علائم مرض، (پزشکی) نشانه بیماری
232
wan | [ˈwɑːn]
adjective looking pale, weak, or tired : ▪ Angela looked wan and tired. رنگ پریده، کم خون، زرد، کم رنگ، رنگ پریده شدن یا کردن
233
to pay the piper
to bear the consequences to pay the cost of something. to bear the unfavorable consequences of one's actions or pleasures: ▪ Someday he'll have to pay the piper for all that gambling.
234
to tilt at windmills
to fight imaginary enemies
235
to show one's hand
to reveal one's intentions to someone. (From card games.) I don't know whether Jim is intending to marry Jane or not. He's not one to show his hand. If you want to get a raise, don't show the boss your hand too soon.
236
on the carpet
1 an authority or superior for an accounting of one's actions or a reprimand: ▪ He was called on the carpet again for his carelessness. 2 Chiefly British. under consideration or discussion.
237
coerce | [koʊˈɜːs]
verb to make someone do something they do not want to do by threatening them SYN force ▪ Don't coerce a child into wearing something he or she doesn't like. بزور وادار کردن، ناگزیر کردن
238
comprehensive | [ˌkɑːmpriˈhensɪv]
adjective 1 including everything that is necessary : ▪ a comprehensive plan for dealing with a disaster ▪ We want to make the policy clearer and more comprehensive. 2 relating to comprehensive insurance : ▪ a comprehensive policy جامع، فرا گیرنده، وسیع، محیط، بسیط
239
corroborate | [kəˈrɑːbəˌret]
verb provide information that supports or helps to prove someone else's statement, idea etc. : ▪ Her statements were corroborated by the doctor's testimony. تایید کردن، تقویت کردن، اثبات کردن
240
domicile | [ˈdɒmɪsaɪl]
the country that a person treats as their permanent home, or lives in and has a substantial connection with. ▪ his wife has a domicile of origin in Germany" اقامتگاه، محل اقامت، مقر، خانه، مسکن، مسکن دادن
241
conjecture | [kənˈdʒekt͡ʃər]
noun the act of guessing about things when you do not have enough information : ▪ There has been some conjecture about a possible merger. 2 an idea or opinion formed by guessing SYN guess : ▪ My results show that this conjecture was, in fact, correct. حدس، ظن، گمان، تخمین، حدس زدن، گمان بردن
242
elapse | [əˈlæps]
verb if a particular period of time elapses, it passes : ▪ More than five years have elapsed since the kidnapping. گذشتن، منقضی شدن، سپری شدن، سقوط
243
fruitless | [ˈfruːtləs]
adjective failing to achieve what was wanted, especially after much effort ; OPP fruitful : ▪ a fruitless attempt to find gold بی میوه، بی ثمر
244
garbled | ˈɡɑːrbl̩d
adjective 1 very unclear and confusing, and often not giving correct information SYN confused : ▪ The newspapers had some garbled version of the story. 2 difficult to hear or understand : ▪ The voice on the tape was too garbled to understand. اشفته، درهم
245
inundate | ˈɪnənˌdet
verb 1 to receive so much of something that you cannot easily deal with it all SYN swamp : ▪ The TV station was inundated with complaints after the show. 2 to cover an area with a large amount of water SYN flood : ▪ Floodwaters regularly inundate the lowlands of the state. سیل زده کردن، از اب پوشانیدن، زیر سیل پوشاندن، اشباع کردن
246
lax | ˈlæks
adjective 1 not strict or careful about standards of behavior, work, safety etc. SYN slack : ▪ lax security at the airport be lax in (doing) ▪ He was lax in his duties. 2 not firm, stiff, or tight لخت، سست، شل، سهل انگار، اهمال کار، لینت مزاج، شل کردن، ول کردن، رهاکردن
247
lurid | ˈlʊrəd
adjective 1 a description, story etc. that is lurid is deliberately shocking and involves sex or violence : ▪ lurid headlines ▪ details of lurid sexual misconduct 2 too brightly colored : ▪ lurid red nail polish رنگ پریده، ترسناک، تیره، مستهجن، بطورترسناک یاغم انگیز، موحش، شعله تیره، شعله دودنما، رنگ زرد مایل به قرمز، کم رنگ وپریده، زننده
248
meticulous | [məˈtɪkjələs]
adjective very careful about small details, and always making sure that everything is done correctly : ▪ The book describes the journey in meticulous detail. in/​about ▪ He was meticulous in his use of words. باریک بین، خیلی دقیق، وسواسی، ترسو، کمرو
249
obviate | [ˈɑːbviˌet]
verb to remove a difficulty : ▪ New technologies have obviated the need for surgery. مرتفع کردن، رفع کردن، رفع نیاز کردن
250
phlegmatic | [fləgˈmætɪk]
adjective (of a person) having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition. ▪ the phlegmatic British character" بلغمی مزاج، شخص خونسرد وبی رگ
251
poignant | ˌpɔɪnjənt
``` adjective making you feel sad or full of pity : ▪ a poignant story ▪ Her death was a poignant reminder that sometimes we are powerless. تیز، تند وتلخ، زننده، نیشدار، گوشه دار ```
252
quip | ˈkwɪp
to say something short and amusing : ▪ "Giving up smoking is easy," he quipped. "I've done it hundreds of times." کنایه، گوشه، مزه ریختن، طعنه، بذله، طنز، لطیفه،طعنه زدن، ایهام گفتن
253
rash | [ˈræʃ]
noun 1 a lot of red spots on someone's skin, caused by an illness or an allergy : ▪ Symptoms include high fever and a rash. ▪ My mother breaks out in a rash if she eats seafood. heat/​diaper rash (= a rash caused by heat or wearing diaper s ) 2 a large number of bad events, changes etc. within a short time : ▪ a rash of car thefts in the neighborhood تند، عجول، بی پروا، بی احتیاط، محل خارش یا تحریک روی پوست، جوش، دانه
254
sanguine | [ˈsæŋˌɡwɪn]
adjective 1 cheerful and hopeful about the future SYN optimistic about ▪ Collins was not sanguine about the team's prospects. 2 red and healthy looking SYN ruddy : ▪ a sanguine complexion خونی، دموی، سرخ، قرمز، برنگ خون
255
sporadic | spəˈrædɪk]
adjective 1.(of similar things or occurrences) appearing or happening at irregular intervals in time; occasional: sporadic renewals of enthusiasm. 2.appearing in scattered or isolated instances, as a disease. 3.isolated, as a single instance of something; being or occurring apart from others. 4.occurring singly or widely apart in locality: ▪ the sporadic growth of plants. ▪ We know British intelligence at the time on WMD was "patchy and sporadic." تک وتوک، تک تک، پراکنده، انفرادی، گاه وبیگاه
256
zealous | [ˈzeləs]
adjective 1.full of, characterized by, or due to zeal; ardently active, devoted, or diligent. Synonyms: enthusiastic, eager, fervid, fervent, intense, passionate, warm. Antonyms: apathetic; lackadaisical. ▪ I also think his zealous advocates may be exaggerating his beliefs slightly. فدایی، مجاهد، غیور، باغیرت، هواخواه
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to feather one's nest
grow rich by taking advantage of circumstances to take advantage of the opportunities to enrich oneself: ▪ The mayor had used his term of office to feather his nest.
258
fair-weather friends
noun plural noun: fair-weather friends ▪ a person whose friendship cannot be relied on in times of difficulty.
259
to sow wild oats
to do wild and foolish things in one's youth. (often assumed to have some sort of sexual meaning.) ▪ Jack was out sowing his wild oats last night, and he's in jail this morning. Mrs. smith told Mr. smith that he was too old to be sowing his wild oats.
260
windfall | [ˈwɪndˌfɒl]
noun 1 an amount of money that you get unexpectedly : ▪ a $2.2 billion windfall for shareholders a windfall gain/​profit etc. (= a profit that you did not expect to make ) 2 a piece of fruit that has fallen off a tree میوه باد انداخته، ثروت باد آورده
261
anathema | [əˈnæθəmə]
noun used to say that someone strongly dislikes something or disapproves of it : ▪ Cutting government service is still anathema to liberals. هرچیزی که مورد لعن واقع شود، لعنت و تکفیر، مرتدشناخته شده از طرف روحانیون
262
diatribe | [ˈdaɪəˌtraɪb]
noun an angry speech or piece of writing that criticizes someone or something very severely SYN tirade against/​on ▪ a diatribe against church policy on women's rights سخن سخت، انتقاد تلخ، زخم زبان
263
expunge | [ɪkˈspəndʒ]
verb 1 to remove something such as a name or piece of information from a list, book etc. : ▪ Their criminal records were expunged in return for their testimony. 2 to forget something bad ▪ Howard tried to expunge the whole episode from his memory. محوکردن، تراشیدن، نابود کردن، حذف کردن از
264
flamboyant | [flæmˌbɔɪənt]
adjective 1 behaving or dressing in a confident or surprising way that makes people notice you : ▪ a flamboyant Hollywood lawyer 2 brightly colored, expensive, big etc., and therefore easily noticed : ▪ a flamboyant red sequined dress رق دار، وابسته به مکتب معماری گوتیگ، شعله مانند
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fortuitous | [fɔːrˈtuːətəs]
adjective lucky and happening by chance : ▪ a fortuitous meeting اتفاقی، شانسی
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fractious | [ˈfrækʃəs]
adjective someone who is fractious gets angry very easily and tends to start fights : ▪ Maggie grew up in a large, fractious family. بدخو، کج خلق، ننر، متمرد، زود رنج
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ilk | [ˈɪlk]
``` noun 1.family, class, or kind: he and all his ilk. adjective 2.same. Idioms 3.of that ilk, ▪ On the other hand, Noka chocolates and others of their ilk are handcrafted and use only the most expensive chocolate ``` تیره، خانواده، نوع، جور، گونه، دسته، طبقه
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incoherent | [/ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪərənt/]
``` adjective 1.without logical or meaningful connection; disjointed; rambling: ▪ an incoherent sentence. 2.characterized by such thought or language, as a person: incoherent with rage. 3.not coherent or cohering: ▪ an incoherent mixture. 4.lacking physical cohesion; loose: incoherent dust. 5.lacking unity or harmony of elements: ▪ an incoherent public. ▪ The EMT workers who got on the plane found Monjack incoherent. متناقض، بی ربط ```
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inhibition | [ˌɪnhəˈbɪʃn̩]
noun 1 a feeling of worry or embarrassment that stops you from doing or saying what you really want to : ▪ People lose their inhibitionswhen they're chatting on the Internet. 2 technical the process of restricting something or preventing it from happening or developing : ▪ the inhibition of cell growth بازداری، جلوگیری از بروز احساسات
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jaunty | ˈdʒɒnti]
adjective, jauntier, jauntiest. 1.easy and sprightly in manner or bearing: to walk with a jaunty step. 2.smartly trim, as clothing: a jaunty hat. . "there was no mistaking that jaunty walk" خود نما، خود ساز، جلف، مغرور، گستاخ، لاقید، زرنگ
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integral | ˈɪntəɡrəl
adjective 1 forming a necessary part of something : ▪ Music should be an integral part of children's education. ▪ Cooperation is integral to the success of the program. 2 in mathematics, relating to an integer درست، صحیح، بی کسر، کامل، تمام، انتگرال
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nominal | [ˈnɑːmənl̩]
adjective 1 officially having authority, a right, or a title, but not having the powers or freedoms that usually come with it : ▪ Her authority as director was purely nominal (= she had no real power ) . ▪ The country was given nominal independence, but its citizens were not free. 2 a small amount of money, especially when compared with the usual amount that would be paid for something : ▪ Most golf courses will rent clubs for a nominal fee. 3relating to nouns or used as a noun : ▪ a nominal phrase 4 a nominal value, rate etc. does not show what something is really worth or really costs, because it does not take into account changes in the price of other goods and services : ▪ nominal interest rates اسمی، صوری، جزئی، کم قیمت
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ostentatious | [ˌɑːstənˈteɪʃəs]
adjective 1 something that is ostentatious is large, looks expensive, and is designed to make people think that its owner must be very rich : ▪ an ostentatious engagement ring ▪ I wanted a car that was fast but not ostentatious. 2 people by showing them how rich you are : ▪ an ostentatious lifestyle متظاهر، خودنما، خودفروش
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placard | [ˈplækərd]
noun a large notice or advertisement put up or carried in a public place : ▪ One placard in the crowd read, "Enough is enough!" پروانه رسمی، اعلامیه رسمی، اعلان، حمل یا نصب اعلان،شعار حمل کردن
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prestigious | [preˈstɪdʒəs]
adjective admired as one of the best and most important : ▪ a prestigious university با اعتبار، باحیثیت
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remuneration | [rəˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃn̩[
noun 1.the act of remunerating. 2.something that remunerates; reward; pay: ▪ He received little remuneration for his services. ▪ The usual rate of remuneration for deputy postmasters in North America. اجر، پاداش
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schism | [ˈskɪzəm]
noun 1.division or disunion, especially into mutually opposed parties. 2.the parties so formed. 3.Ecclesiastical. ▪ I know it will be all sense for the church, and all causticity for schism. جدایی، شقاق، انفصال، اختلاف، ایجادجدایی، تفرقه، اختلاف و تفرقه درکلیسا
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timorous | [ˈtɪmərəs]
``` adjective 1.full of fear; fearful: The noise made them timorous. 2.subject to fear; timid. 3.characterized by or indicating fear: a timorous whisper. بزدل، ترسو، جبون ```
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truncated | [ˈtrəŋˌketəd]
adjective made shorter than before, or shorter than usual SYN shortened : ▪ a truncated version of the book کوتاه شده، مختصر شده، دارای حذفیات
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utopia | [juːˈtoʊpɪə]
noun 1.an imaginary island described in Sir Thomas More's Utopia (1516) as enjoying perfection in law, politics, etc. 2.(usually lowercase) an ideal place or state. 3.(usually lowercase) any visionary system of political or social perfection. ▪ They are said, though it is not easy to believe, to have been elaborated by way of Utopia. دولت یا کشور کامل و ایده الی، مدینه فاضله
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wear one's heart on one's sleeve
to make one's feelings evident
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wash dirty linen in public
Prov. Do not talk about your private family problems in public. ▪ Grandson: How are we going to make Dad stop drinking? Grandmother: Hush! Don't wash your dirty linen in public.
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save face
avoid humiliation. | ▪ "allowing the guerrillas to save face and disarm"
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Indian summer | ˈɪndiənˈsəmər
a period of unusually dry, warm weather occurring in late autumn. a period of happiness or success occurring late in life. هوای ارام و خشک و صافی که در اواخر پاییز در شمال ایالات متحده آمریکا مشاهده می‌شود
285
cryptic | ˈkrɪptɪk
deliberately mysterious, or having a secret meaning : ▪ a cryptic message پنهان، مرموز، رمزی
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curtail | /kərˈteɪl/
to reduce or limit something : ▪ Budget cuts forced schools to curtail after-school programs. کوتاه کردن، مختصر نمودن
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emit | eˈmɪt
verb to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc. : ▪ The kettle emitted a shrill whistle. ▪ He emitted a snort of laughter.
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eventuate | [ɪˈventʃuːˌeɪt]
``` verb e something as a final result : ▪ The experiments did not eventuate in any published work. منجر شدن، منتج شدن، نتیجه دادن، درآمدن ```
289
haven | [ˈheɪvn̩]
noun [ countable ] 1 a place where people or animals go to be safe and live peacefully for ▪ a haven for refugees 2 a place where people go because it helps them feel happy for ▪ The town is a haven for artists. بندرگاه، لنگرگاه، (م.ج.) پناهگاه، جای امن
290
importune | [ˌɪmpəˈtjuːn]
verb (used with object), importuned, importuning. 1.to press or beset with solicitations; demand with urgency or persistence. 2.to make improper advances toward (a person). 3.to beg for (something) urgently or persistently. 4.Obsolete. to annoy. 5.Obsolete. to press; impel. verb (used without object), importuned, importuning. 6.to make urgent or persistent solicitations. 7.to make improper advances toward another person. ▪ I must obey you at the city gate; but I will importune you here. مصرانه خواستن، اصرار کردن به، عاجز کردن، سماجت کردن، ابرام کردن، مصرانه
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inchoate | [ɪnˈkoʊɪt]
adjective 1.not yet completed or fully developed; rudimentary. 2.just begun; incipient. 3.not organized; lacking order: an inchoate mass of ideas on the subject. ▪ then the insurrection was inchoate, we could afford to be punctilious. اغاز کردن، بنیاد نهادن، تازه بوجود امده، نیمه تمام
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incontrovertible | ˌɪŋˌkɑːntroˈvɜːrtəbl̩
adjective a fact that is incontrovertible is definitely true and no one can prove it to be false SYN indisputable : ▪ incontrovertible evidence غیر قابل بحث، بدون مناقشه، بی چونو چرا، بدون مباحثه، مسلم
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incredulous | [ˌɪnˈkredʒələs]
adjective unable or unwilling to believe something, or showing this : ▪ "You don't have a car?" asked one incredulous woman. ) دیر باور
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jeopardize | ˈdʒepərˌdaɪz
verb to risk losing or spoiling something important or valuable : ▪ I would never jeopardize the safety of my children. بخطر انداختن
295
permeate | ˈpɜːrmiˌet
verb 1 if ideas, beliefs, emotions etc. permeate something, they are present in every part and have an effect on all of it : ▪ Racism permeates the entire organization. 2 if liquid, gas etc. permeates something, it enters it and spreads through every part of it : ▪ The smell of smoke permeated the house. permeate through/​into something ▪ Toxic vapors can permeate into the plaster and wood. نفوذ کردن، سرایت کردن، نشت کردن
296
premise | ˈpreməs
noun 1 a statement or idea that you accept as true and use as a base for developing other ideas : ▪ a false premise the premise that ▪ the premise that drug addiction can be cured the premise of something ▪ The premise of the novel is that there is life on other planets. 2 the buildings and land that a store, restaurant, company etc. uses : ▪ A religious group rents the premises on weekends. قضیه ثابت یا اثبات شده، بنیاد واساس بحث، صغری وکبرای قیاس منطقی، فرض قبلی، فرضیه مقدم، فرض منطقی کردن
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propitious | [prəˈpɪʃəs]
``` adjective good and likely to bring good results for ▪ The most propitious time for an attack was lost. خوش یمن، میمون، شفیع، خیر خواه، مساعد ```
298
repress | [riˈpres]
verb 1 to stop yourself from doing something, especially something you want to do : ▪ Brenda repressed the urge to shout at him. 2 if someone represses feelings, memories etc., their mind has hidden them because they are too upsetting to think about 3 disapproving to control a group of people by force : ▪ Other nations condemned the ruler for repressing opposition. باز فشردن، باز کوفتن، فرونشاندن، سرکوب کردن، درخود کوفتن
299
surmise | sərˈmaɪz
verb to guess that something is true using the information you know already surmise (that) ▪ I could only surmise from their behavior that they had met before. حدس زدن، گمان بردن، حدس، گمان، تخمین، ظن
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subjugate | ˈsəbdʒəˌɡet
verb (used with object), subjugated, subjugating. 1.to bring under complete control or subjection; conquer; master. 2.to make submissive or subservient; enslave. ▪ They see collusion and deception and they say Ankara is determined to subjugate them تحت انقیاد در اوردن، مطیع کردن، منکوب کردن
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subterranean | səbtəˈreɪniən
adjective, Also, subterraneous 1.existing, situated, or operating below the surface of the earth; underground. 2.existing or operating out of sight or secretly; hidden or secret. noun 3.a person or thing that is subterranean. 4.a subterrane. ▪ Mr. Robinson gives an excellent account, not only of the subterranean, but also of the open-air culture of mushrooms about Paris. ▪ subterranean passages زیرزمینی،نهان،نهانی،قنات
302
surreptitious | ˌsərəpˈtɪʃəs
kept secret, especially because it would not be approved of. ▪ "low wages were supplemented by surreptitious payments from tradesmen" نهانی، زیرجلی، پنهان، محرمانه
303
viable | ˈvaɪəbl̩
adjective 1 able to be successful or be done successfully : ▪ a viable presidential candidate a viable alternative/​option/​solution ▪ No one has offered a viable alternative to the plan. economically/​commercially/​politically etc. viable ▪ a commercially viable business 2 able to continue to live or to develop into a living thing : ▪ viable embryos زنده ماندنی، زیست پذیر، ماندنی، قابل دوام، مناسبرشد و ترقی
304
viable | ˈvaɪəbl̩
adjective 1 able to be successful or be done successfully : ▪ a viable presidential candidate a viable alternative/​option/​solution ▪ No one has offered a viable alternative to the plan. economically/​commercially/​politically etc. viable ▪ a commercially viable business 2 able to continue to live or to develop into a living thing : ▪ viable embryos زنده ماندنی، زیست پذیر، ماندنی، قابل دوام، مناسبرشد و ترقی زنده ماندنی، زیست پذیر، ماندنی، قابل دوام، مناسبرشد و ترقی
305
take the bull by the horns
deal decisively with a difficult or dangerous situation. | ▪ "she decided to take the bull by the horns and organize things for herself"
306
the lion's share
the largest part of something : | ▪ One family owns the lion's share of the county's farmland.
307
out of the frying pan into the fire
from a bad situation to one that is worse. | ▪ "he may find himself jumping out of the frying pan into the fire"
308
keep the pot boiling
maintain the brisk momentum of something. | ▪ "a home win over Sheffield kept the pot boiling"
309
aspire | əˈspaɪr
verb to desire and work toward achieving something important aspire to do something ▪ Johnson aspires to become the city's first woman mayor. ارزو داشتن، ارزو کردن، اشتیاق داشتن، هوش داشتن(با after یا for یا at )، بلند پروازی کردن، بالارفتن، فرو بردن، استنشاق کردن ▪ Kim aspires to a career as a travel agent.
310
bias | ˈbaɪəs
noun 1 an attitude that shows more support for one group, person, or belief than others, in a situation where fairness to all people and balanced treatment of all beliefs is important against ▪ the newspaper's bias against women 2 a natural skill or interest in one particular area : ▪ a strong artistic bias 3 on the bias in a diagonal direction : ▪ cloth cut on the bias تمایل بیک طرف، طرفداری، تعصب، بیک طرف متمایل کردن، تحت تاثیر قراردادن، تبعیض کردن
311
havoc | ˈhævək
noun a situation in which there is a lot of confusion or damage : cause/​creat havoc ▪ A strike will cause havoc for commuters. ▪ The insects have been wreaking havoc on (= causing a lot of damage to ) crops. ▪ A poor harvest could play havoc with (= cause great harm to ) the country's economy. خرابی، غارت، ویران کردن
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incisive | ˌɪnˈsaɪsɪv
adjective showing intelligence and a clear understanding of something : ▪ an incisive critique of American politics برنده، قاطع، دندان پیشین، ثنایا، تیز، نافذ
313
inveigh | ɪnˈveɪ
speak or write about (something) with great hostility. "he liked to inveigh against all forms of academic training" سخن سخت گفتن، با سخن حمله کردن، (با against ) موردحمله قرار دادن
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lethal | ˈliːθl̩
1 causing death, or able to cause death : ▪ a lethal dose of heroin 2 likely to be powerful, dangerous, or dangerously effective : ▪ That cocktail looks pretty lethal. وابسته به مرگ کشنده، مهلک، مرگ اور
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mammoth | ˈmæməθ
adjective extremely large : ▪ This country has a mammoth drug problem. ▪ a mammoth corporation (جانورشناسی) ماموت، فیل بزرگ دوره ماقبل تاریخ
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nettle | ˈnetl̩
noun 1.any plant of the genus Urtica, covered with stinging hairs. Compare nettle family. 2.any of various allied or similar plants. verb (used with object), nettled, nettling. 3.to irritate, annoy, or provoke. 4.to sting as a nettle does. ▪ She was a nettle in which the rustle of the cassock was visible. ▪ There was also something else upon the nettle, which looked like a shrivelled-up light brown leaf. (گیاه شناسی) گزنه، انواع گزنه تیغی گزنده، بوسیله گزنه گزیده شدن، (مجازا) ایجاد بی صبری و عصبانیت کردن،برانگیختن، رنجه داشتن
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overt | oʊˈvɜːt
adjective 1.open to view or knowledge; not concealed or secret: overt hostility. 2.Heraldry. (of a device, as a purse) represented as open: a purse overt. ▪ The government used Simmons to authenticate 11 overt acts in the racketeering indictment of Welch and his deputy. فاش، اشکار، معلوم، واضح، نپوشیده، عمومی
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precipitate | prəˈsɪpəˌtet
verb 1 to make something serious happen suddenly or more quickly than was expected : ▪ The President's death precipitated a political crisis. 2to separate a solid from a liquid substance either by chemical action or by gravity, or to be separated in this way 3 to make someone fall down or forward with great force بشدت پرتاپ کردن، شتاباندن، بسرعت عمل کردن، تسریع کردن، سر اشیب تند داشتن، ناگهان سقوط کردن، غیرمحلول وته نشین شونده، جسم تعلیق شونده یا متراسب،خیلی سریع، بسیار عجول، ناگهانی، رسوب شیمیایی
319
raze | ˈreɪz
verb (used with object), razed, razing. 1.to tear down; demolish; level to the ground: to raze a row of old buildings. 2.to shave or scrape off. ▪ It was raging now as if it would never weaken and had the will to raze the chteau though it were the task of a thousand years. ویران کردن، محو کردن، تراشیدن
320
relegate | ˈreləˌɡet
verb to give someone or something a less important position than before relegate somebody to something ▪ Women were relegated to subordinate roles. انداختن، موکول کردن، محول کردن، واگذار کردن،منتسب کردن
321
repulse | riˈpəls
verb 1 if something or someone repulses you, you feel they are very bad or disgusting SYN repel : ▪ His cold clammy hands repulsed me. 2to defeat a military attack SYN repel : ▪ Government troops repulsed an attack by rebel forces. 3 to refuse an offer, proposal, or suggestion in a way that is very direct and often impolite SYN reject دفع، رد، پس زنی، دفع کردن، راندن
322
scurry | ˈskɜːri
verb to move quickly with short steps SYN hurry along/​past/​across ▪ A mouse scurried across the floor. حرکت تند وسریع، حرکت از روی دست پاچگی، مسابقه کوتاه، سراسیمگی، بسرعت حرکت دادن
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sinecure | ˈsaɪnɪkjʊər
noun 1.an office or position requiring little or no work, especially one yielding profitable returns. 2.an ecclesiastical benefice without cure of souls. ▪ The job is often a sinecure offered to widely admired figures. هر شغلی که متضمن مسئولیت مهمی نباشد، جیره خور ولگرد، وظیفه گرفتن وول گشتن، مفت خوری و ولگردی
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singular | ˈsɪŋɡjələr
adjective 1 a singular noun, verb, form etc. is used when writing or speaking about one person or thing : ▪ If the subject is singular, use a singular verb. 2 very great or very noticeable SYN exceptional , extraordinary : ▪ a singular achievement ▪ Congress showed a singular lack of understanding of the issue. 3 used to emphasize the fact that there is only one of something SYN single : ▪ The singular objective is to improve the company's performance. 4 very unusual or strange : ▪ such singular behavior مفرد، تک، فرد، فرید، فوق العاده، خارق العاده،غریب، (دستور زبان) واژه مفرد، صیغه مفرد، غرابت، شگفتی،یکتایی، منحصر بفردی
325
stentorian | stenˈtɔːrɪən
adjective 1.very loud or powerful in sound: a stentorian voice. خیلی بلند (در مورد صدا)، صدا بلند، رسا
326
supine | səˈpaɪn
``` adjective 1 lying on your back ▪ a supine position 2 allowing other people to make decisions instead of you, in a way that seems very weak : ▪ a supine press برپشت خوابیدن، تاق باز، بیحال، سست ```
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valor
noun 1.boldness or determination in facing great danger, especially in battle; heroic courage; bravery: a medal for valor. Sometimes in the midst of a tragedy like the Newton massacre, we witness incredible acts of valor, tenderness, grace, and decency. دلیری، شجاعت، دلاوری، ارزش شخصی و اجتماعی،ارزش مادی، اهمیت
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bury the hatchet
to agree to stop arguing about something and become friends again : ▪ Two years later they agreed to bury the hatchet.
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Philadelphia lawyer | ˌfɪləˈdelfiəˈlɔɪər
a lawyer of outstanding ability a very shrewd lawyer expert in the exploitation of legal technicalities. ▪ The phrase, Enough to puzzle a philadelphia-lawyer, means, enough to puzzle the sharpest man in the world. (آمریکا - عامیانه) وکیل دادگستری زرنگ و پشت هم انداز
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gild the lily
to add unnecessary ornamentation, a special feature, etc., in an attempt to improve something that is already complete, satisfactory, or ideal: ▪ After that wonderful meal, serving a fancy dessert would be gilding the lily.
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steal one's thunder
to weaken one's position by stating the argument before that person does , to lessen someone's force or authority. ▪ What do you mean by coming in here and stealing my thunder? I'm in charge here! someone stole my thunder by leaking my announcement to the press.
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abrogate | ˈæbrəˌɡet
verb o officially end a law, legal agreement, practice etc. : ▪ It was suggested that the treaty be abrogated. منسوخ، از میان برده، ملغی، ازمیان بردن، باطل کردن، منسوخ کردن، لغو کردن
333
access | ˈækˌses
noun 1 how easy or difficult it is for people to enter a public building, reach a place, or talk to someone ▪ Many are jealous of Wright's political access to the President. 2 the right to enter a place, use something, see something etc. : ▪ Only selected employees have access to the safe. 3 the way by which you can enter a building or reach a place ▪ Access to the restrooms is through the foyer. 4 to succeed in entering a place or in seeing someone or something : ▪ The police managed to gain access through an upstairs window. دسترس، دسترسی، راه، تقریب، اجازه دخول، افزایش، الحاق، (پزشکی) بروزمرض، حمله، اصابت، (حقوق) دسترسی یا مجال مقاربت، (در مسیحیت) تقرب به خدا
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accomplice | əˈkɑːmpləs
noun 1.a person who knowingly helps another in a crime or wrongdoing, often as a subordinate. ▪ Similarly, Mike Rogers has suggested Snowden probably had an accomplice in the NSA giving him information. همدست، (حقوق) شریک یا معاون جرم
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alleged | əˈledʒd
adjective an alleged fact, quality etc. is supposed to be true, but has not been proven : ▪ the alleged conspiracy to kill President Kennedy alleged killer/​victim etc. ▪ His alleged victim failed to appear in court. بقول معروف، بنابگفته بعضی، منتسب به
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asperity | æˈsperəti
noun, plural asperities. 1.harshness or sharpness of tone, temper, or manner; severity; acrimony: The cause of her anger did not warrant such asperity. 2.hardship; difficulty; rigor: the asperities of polar weather. 3.roughness of surface; unevenness. 4.something rough or harsh. خشونت (در صدا)، سختی، ترشی (در مزه)، تلخی و خشونت(دراخلاق)، نامطبوعی
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complicity | kəmˈplɪsəti
noun 1 the act of being involved in a crime with other people ▪ He denied complicity in the murder. 2 involvement in or knowledge of a situation, especially one that is morally wrong or dishonest : ▪ She was ashamed of her complicity in the deception. حقوق) همدستی درجرم، شرکت در جرم
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controversial | ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃl̩
adjective causing a lot of disagreement, because many people have strong opinions about the subject being discussed : ▪ a controversial drug that is used to treat depression ▪ In June, he made a controversial decision to increase the sales tax. ▪ He soon became a controversial figure (= someone who does things some people disapprove of ) in the world of big business. مباحثه ای، جدلی، جدال آمیز، هم ستیز، هم ستیزگر، همستیزگرانه
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epithet
descriptive name
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culpable | ˈkəlpəbl̩
adjective responsible for something bad that has happened and deserving blame SYN guilty : ▪ Both men are culpable to some extent. culpable homicide/​negligence ▪ He pleaded guilty to culpable negligence. مقصر، مجرم، سزاوار سرزنش، قابل مجازات
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epithet | ˈepəˌθet
noun a word or short phrase used to describe someone, especially when saying something bad about them : ▪ Perez was the target of a racial epithet (= something negative said about someone's race ) . صفت، لقب، عنوان، کنیه، اصطلاح
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extrinsic | ekˈstrɪnsɪk
adjective coming from the outside, or not directly related to something ; OPP intrinsic : ▪ Some students need extrinsic rewards to motivate them to learn (= they need rewards such as money or gifts, instead of the reward of learning something ) . دارای مبدا خارجی، بیرونی، خارجی، فرعی، جزئی،ضمیمه، اتفاقی، تصادفی، عارضی
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fetter (v) | ˈfetər
verb 1 to restrict someone's freedom and prevent them from doing what they want to do : ▪ The industry is fettered by debt. 2to put chains on a prisoner's hands or feet بخو، پابند، زنجیر، (مجازا) قید، مانع، مقید کردن، درزیر غل وزنجیر اوردن
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invalidate | ˌɪnˈvæləˌdet
verb 1 to make a document, ticket, claim etc. not legally or officially acceptable anymore : ▪ They invalidated his insurance policy because he hadn't payed. 2 to show that something such as a belief or explanation is wrong : ▪ Later findings invalidated the theory. ناتوان کردن، علیل کردن، باطل کردن
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landmark (adj) | ˈlændˌmɑːrk
noun 1 something that is easy to recognize, such as a tall tree or building, and that helps you know where you are : ▪ The Washington Monument is a popular historical landmark. 2 one of the most important events, changes, or discoveries that influences someone or something : ▪ a landmark in the history of medicine ▪ a landmark court victory نشان اختصاصی، نقطه تحول تاریخ، واقعه برجسته، راهنما
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liquidation | ˌlɪkwəˈdeɪʃn̩
noun 1 the act of closing down a company in order to pay its debts by selling its asset s : ▪ The department chain has gone into liquidation . 2 the act of paying a debt تسویه، از بین رفتن، واریز حساب، نابودی
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nomadic | /noʊˈmædɪk/
adjective 1.of, relating to, or characteristic of nomads. ▪ That warred-over political geography lie at the heart of man and legend—and the nomadic Apache world. چادر نشین، وابسته به کوچ گری
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paragon | ˈperəˌɡɑːn
noun 1.a model or pattern of excellence or of a particular excellence: ▪ a paragon of virtue. 2.someone of exceptional merit: Just who is this paragon whose name is on everyone's lips ▪ The man who holds ABC/ESPN's wacky goulash of World Cup punditry together strikes viewers as a paragon of congeniality. معیار، مقیاس رفعت و خوبی، نمونه کامل، رقابت کردن،بعنوان نمونه بکار بردن، برتری یافتن
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persevere | pərsəˈvɪr
verb to continue trying to do something in a very determined way, in spite of difficulties persevere in/​with something ▪ U.S. leaders have encouraged Adams to persevere in his efforts to bring peace. پشتکارداشتن، استقامت بخرج دادن، ثابت قدم ماندن
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preclude | prɪˈkluːd
verb to prevent something or make something impossible preclude somebody from doing something ▪ Age does not preclude him from running for office. مانع جلو راه ایجاد کردن، مسدود کردن
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recant | riˈkænt
verb to say publicly that you no longer have a belief that you had before, especially a political or religious belief SYN retract : ▪ Galileo was forced to recant his belief in the Copernican theory. حرف خود را رسما پس گرفتن، گفته خود را تکذیب کردن،بخطای خود اعتراف کردن
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woolgathering | ˈwʊlɡæðərɪŋ
noun 1.indulgence in idle fancies and in daydreaming; absentmindedness: ▪ His woolgathering was a handicap in school. 2.gathering of the tufts of wool shed by sheep and caught on bushes. ▪ His interest in music—or rather, at first, in the free and glamorous lives of musicians—began with much posing and woolgathering. فراموشکاری، شورتیگری، حواس پرتی
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to whitewash | ˈwaɪˌtwɑːʃ
to cancel defects, to give a falsely virtuous appearance to something ▪ She must whitewash these brown men and women, rid them of their savage, slavish ways, and repaint them in her own image. دوغاب، سفید کاری کردن، ماست مالی کردن
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break the ice
1 to succeed initially; make a beginning. 2 to overcome reserve, awkwardness, or formality within ▪ a group, as in introducing persons: ▪The chairman broke the ice with his warm and very amusing remarks.
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the grapevine | ˈɡreɪpˌvaɪn
noun 1 hear something through the grapevine to hear news because it has been passed from one person to another in conversation : ▪ I heard through the grapevine that you'd gotten the job. 2 a climbing plant on which grapes grow SYN vine (گیاه شناسی) درخت انگور، تاک، مو، شایعه، شهرت
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altruistic | ˌɒltruːˈɪstɪk
adjective 1.unselfishly concerned for or devoted to the welfare of others (opposed to egoistic ). 2.Animal Behavior. of or relating to behavior by an animal that may be to its disadvantage but that benefits others of its kind, often its close relatives. ▪The next most popular idea was to give old fur coats to the homeless, an altruistic act to be sure. وابسته به نوع دوستی، بشر دوستانه، دگر دوستانه، همگان‌ دوستانه، ایثار گرانه
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amorous | ˈæmərəs
adjective involving or expressing sexual love : ▪ The park is a favorite spot for amorous couples. عاشق، شیفته، عاشقانه
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antithesis | ænˈtɪθəsəs
noun the exact opposite of something, or something that is completely different from something else : ▪ Her style of writing is the antithesis of Dickens'. پادگذاره، ضد و نقیض، تضاد، تناقض
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bulwark | ˈbʊlwərk
noun 1 something that protects you from a bad situation against ▪ Some people keep gold as a bulwark against financial disasters. 2 the sides of a boat or ship above the deck 3 a strong structure like a wall, built for defense ▪ The new dam was a bulwark against future floods خاکریز، بارو، دیوار(ساحلی)، دیواره سد، موج شکن،(مجازا) پناه، سنگربندی، حامی
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cache | ˈkæʃ
noun 1 a number of things that have been hidden, or the place where they have been hidden ▪ Police found a cache of weapons in a warehouse. 2 a special section of memory in a computer that helps it work faster by storing data for a short time ▪ The cache included a submachine gun, pistols, revolvers, and enough Semtex to make 180 bombs. نهانگاه، ذخیره گاه، چیز نهان شده، مخزن، پنهان کردن
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coterie | ˈkoʊtəri
noun a small group of people who enjoy doing the same things together, and do not like including others in their group : ▪ a coterie of loyal fans گروه هم مسلک، انجمن (ادبی واجتماعی)
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cupidity | kjuːˈpɪdɪti
noun 1.eager or excessive desire, especially to possess something; greed; avarice. This is the first time the presents have excited my cupidity. حرص واز برای بدست اوردن مال
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cursory | ˈkɜːrsəri
adjective quick and done without much attention to detail : a cursory check/​examination/​inspection ▪ Even a cursory inspection would have shown how dangerous the bridge was. سرسری، از روی سرعت وعجله، باسرعت وبیدقتی
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embellish | emˈbelɪʃ
verb 1to make a story or statement more interesting by adding details that are not true : ▪ Lynn couldn't help embellishing the story. 2 to make something more beautiful by adding decorations to it embellish something with something ▪ The dress is embellished with gold threads. ارایش کردن، ارایش دادن، زینت دادن، زیبا کردن، پیراستن
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frugal | ˈfruːɡl̩
adjective 1 careful to only buy what is necessary ; OPP extravagant : ▪ She's too frugal to buy new clothes. 2 a frugal meal is a small meal of plain food صرفه جو، مقتصد، با صرفه، اندک، میانه رو، ساده
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gregarious | ɡrəˈɡeriəs
adjective 1.fond of the company of others; sociable. 2.living in flocks or herds, as animals. 3.Botany. growing in open clusters or colonies; not matted together. 4.pertaining to a flock or crowd. ▪ He was gregarious and sociable, enjoying the company of entourages whenever he went to Cannes or some other film festival. گروده دوست، جمعیت دوست، گروه جو، گروهی، اجتماعی دسته ای، گلهای، (گیاه شناسی) خوشه خوشه
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habitat | ˈhæbəˌtæt
noun the natural environment of a plant or animal : ▪ the owl's natural habitat is in the forests of the Northwest. محل سکونت، مسکن طبیعی، بوم، جای اصلی
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indigenous | ˌɪnˈdɪdʒənəs
adjective 1 indigenous people, customs, culture s etc. are the people, customs etc. that have always been in a place, before other people or customs arrived 2 indigenous animals, plants etc. have always lived or grown naturally in the place where they are, as opposed to others that were brought there ▪ Red foxes are indigenous to the East and Midwest parts of the U.S. بومی، طبیعی، ذاتی، مکنون، فطری
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interloper | ˈɪntəloʊpə
noun 1.a person who interferes or meddles in the affairs of others: ▪ He was an athiest who felt like an interloper in this religious gathering. 2.a person who intrudes into a region, field, or trade without a proper license. ▪ Suddenly I realize, sitting here looking at her defend herself against an interloper like me, how wrong I have been about her. کسی که در کار دیگران مداخله می‌کند و ایشان را از سود بردن باز می‌دارد
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progeny | ˈprɑːdʒəni
noun, plural progeny or, for plants or animals progenies. 1.a descendant or offspring, as a child, plant, or animal. 2.such descendants or offspring collectively. 3.something that originates or results from something else; outcome; issue. Contemporary Examples ▪ I exist merely as meat for the hungry wolf, an incubator for his progeny and a servant to his needs. ▪ The memorable last line of the novel reads: “I had no progeny, I transmitted to no one the legacy of our misery.” اولاد، فرزند، اخلاف، سلاله، دودمان
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prolific | proˈlɪfɪk
adjective 1 someone who is prolific produces a lot of something, especially works of art, books etc. : ▪ hockey's most prolific scorer 2 an animal or plant that is prolific produces many babies or many other plants 3 existing in large numbers : ▪ the prolific bird life پرزا، حاصلخیز، بارور، نیرومند، پرکار، فراوان
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saturate | ˈsæt͡ʃəˌret
verb 1 to make something very wet SYN soak : ▪ Heavy rains had saturated the ground. 2 to fill something completely with a large number of things, or with a large amount of something ▪ The campaign saturated prime time television with ads. 3 to offer so much of a product for sale that there is more of it than people want to buy 4 to dissolve (= mix until something becomes part of a liquid ) as much of a solid into a chemical mixture as possible اشتباه کردن، سیر کردن، اغشتن
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sedentary | ˈsedənˌteri
adjective 1.characterized by or requiring a sitting posture: a sedentary occupation. 2.accustomed to sit or rest a great deal or to take little exercise. ▪ The doctors said it was as strong as an ox, considering he was so sedentary. ▪ One celebrated study found that mortality rates for swimmers were lower than for those who are sedentary, walkers, and runners. نشسته، غیر مهاجر، مقیم در یک جا، غیر متحرک
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temerity | təˈmerəti
noun 1.reckless boldness; rashness. ▪ Should the caller have the temerity to ask where they were, the phone call would be quietly ended. بی پروایی، تهور، بیباکی، جسارت
375
the world, the flesh, and the devil
temptations that cause man to sin
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in a bee line
take the straightest, shortest route
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virtuosity | vərt͡ʃuːˈɑːsəti
noun 1.the character, ability, or skill of a virtuoso. 2.a fondness for or interest in virtu. Hubay is a splendid builder of virtuosity, and has a fine sense for phrasing. ذوق هنرپیشگی، استعداد هنرهای زیبا یا فنون
378
make bricks without straw
to attempt to do something without having the necessary materials ,to plan or act on a false premise or unrealistic basis. ,to create something that will not last: ▪ To form governments without the consent of the people is to make bricks without straw. ▪ We have no funds, and we are expected to make bricks without straw !
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have the upper hand
to have more power than someone else, so that you are able to control a situation : ▪ Police have gained the upper hand over the drug dealers in the area.
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assiduous | əˈsɪdwəs
adjective very careful to make sure that something is done correctly or completely : ▪ an assiduous study of Austen's writings دارای پشتکار، ساعی، مواظب
381
attest | əˈtest
verb 1 to show or prove that something is true ▪ Students attested to the value of the program. ▪ She's an excellent cook, as her son can attest . 2 to officially state that you believe something is true, especially in a court of law گواهی دادن (با to )، شهادت دادن، سوگند یاد کردن، تصدیق امضا کردن
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component | kəmˈpoʊnənt
noun one of several parts that make up a whole machine or system : ▪ stereo components ▪ Exercise is one of the key components of a healthy lifestyle. اجزا ، ترکیب کننده، ترکیب دهنده، جز
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concoct | kənˈkɑːkt
verb 1 to invent a story, excuse, or plan, especially in order to deceive someone : ▪ John had concocted an elaborate excuse for being late. 2 to make something such as a food or drink by mixing different things, especially things that are not usually combined : ▪ Debbie started the business by concocting recipes in her kitchen. درست کردن، جعل کردن، اختراع کردن، ترکیب کردن، پختن، گواریدن
384
consummate | ˈkɑːnsəmət
adjective 1 very skillful : ▪ Johnson was a consummate politician. 2 complete and perfect in every way : ▪ one of the consummate masterpieces of German opera 3 used to emphasize how bad someone or something is : ▪ consummate arrogance بپایان رساندن، انجام دادن، عروسی کردن، بوصالرسیدن، رسیده، تمام وکمال، بحدکمال
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deploy | dəˌplɔɪ
verb 1 to put soldiers, military vehicles, weapons, etc. in a particular area or position so that they can fight or do other work, or to get into position in this way : ▪ U.N. troops were deployed in order to keep the peace. deploy to something ▪ The Marine battalion was preparing to deploy to the region. 2 if a piece of equipment deploys, or you deploy it, it operates or is used : ▪ The air bags deploy when the car is struck from the side. 3 to use skills, ideas, arguments etc. for a particular purpose : ▪ an argument deployed by the prosecutor گسترش، جبهه، گسترش یافتن، بحالت صف دراوردن، قراردادن قشون
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enigma | əˈnɪɡmə
noun, plural enigmas; Chiefly Archaic, enigmata [uh-nig-muh-tuh] (Show IPA) 1.a puzzling or inexplicable occurrence or situation: ▪ His disappearance is an enigma that has given rise to much speculation. 2.a person of puzzling or contradictory character: ▪ To me he has always been an enigma, one minute completely insensitive, the next moved to tears. معما، چیستان، لغز، رمز، بیان مبهم
387
evaluate | ɪˈvæljuːˌet
verb 1 to judge how good, useful, or successful something is SYN assess : ▪ Your work will be evaluated by the management team. ▪ We are evaluating the success of the campaign THESAURUS judge , assess , appraise , gauge 2 to calculate the value of a mathematical expression ارزیابی کردن، تقویم کردن، قیمت کردن، سنجیدن، چیزی را معین کردن
388
exult | ɪgˈzəlt
verb to show that you are very happy and proud, especially because you have succeeded in doing something SYN rejoice : ▪ "It was a great day," Martin exulted. in/​over/​at ▪ Republicans exulted in the election results. جست وخیزکردن، بوجدوطرب آمدن، خوشی کردن، شادی کردن، وجدکردن
389
fallacious | fəˈleɪʃəs
adjective containing or based on false ideas : ▪ a fallacious argument غلط، سفسطه آمیز
390
fraught | ˈfrɒt
adjective full of something, especially problems or negative feelings : fraught with peril/​danger/​risk/​problems etc. ▪ Either course of action seemed fraught with danger. پر، مملو، دارا، همراه، ملازم، بار شده
391
gullible | ˈɡələbl̩
adjective too ready to believe what other people say, and therefore easy to trick : ▪ a group of gullible tourists گول خور
392
hoax | hoʊks
noun an attempt to make people believe something that is not true SYN trick : ▪ The UFO sightings were a hoax. شوخی فریب آمیز، گول زدن، دست انداختن
393
impeccable | ˌɪmˈpekəbl̩
adjective completely perfect and impossible to criticize SYN perfect , faultless : ▪ impeccable taste in clothes بی عیب و نقص
394
labyrinth | ˈlæbəˌrɪnθ
noun 1 a large network of paths or passages that cross each other, making it very difficult to find your way SYN maze ▪ a labyrinth of underground tunnels 2 something that is very complicated and difficult to understand : ▪ a bureaucratic labyrinth شکنج، لابیرنت، دخمه پرپیچ وخم، ماز، پلکان مارپیچ، (مجازا) پیچیدگی، چیز بغرنج
395
manifold | ˈmænɪfoʊld
adjective many and of different kinds : ▪ the manifold possibilities in life چند تا، چند برابر، بسیار، زیاد، متعدد، گوناگونی،متنوع کردن، چند برابرکردن
396
murky | ˈmɜːrki
adjective 1 dark and difficult to see through : ▪ murky water 2 complicated and difficult to understand : ▪ The committee is still working on a number of murky issues. 3 involving dishonest or illegal activities that are kept secret : ▪ the murky world of drug smuggling تیره
397
perpetrate | ˈpɜːrpəˌtret
verb to do something that is seriously wrong or criminal : ▪ groups that perpetrate bombings and other acts of terror perpetrate something against somebody ▪ Many abuses have been perpetrated against farm workers. مرتکب شدن، مرتکب کردن، مقصر بودن
398
resourceful | riˈsɔːrsfəl
adjective good at finding ways of dealing with practical problems : ▪ a resourceful young man کاردان، پر مایه و مبتکر
399
subterfuge | ˈsəbtərˌfjuːdʒ
noun a secret trick or slightly dishonest way of doing something, or the use of this : ▪ The reporter had used subterfuge to gain admission. طفره، گریز، طفره زنی، اختفا ، عذر، بهانه
400
draw in one's horns
to check one's anger, to restrain oneself 1. Retreat, back down, restrain oneself, as in The town manager wanted higher taxes but public reaction made him draw in his horns. This expression alludes to the snail's habit of drawing in the soft projecting parts of its body when it is threatened. The idea was first expressed in the 15th century as shrink one's horns, and the idiom with draw developed about the same time. The idiom with pull did not appear until a century later. 2. Reduce expenses, ▪ as in That drop in profits will force the company to pull in its horns. [Late 1800s]
401
put the cart before the horse
to have things in the wrong order; to have things confused and mixed up. (Also with have.) ▪ You're eating your dessert first! You've put the cart before the horse. John has the cart before the horse in most of his projects.
402
turn the tables
reverse one's position relative to someone else, especially by turning a position of disadvantage into one of advantage. ▪ "police invited householders to a seminar on how to turn the tables on burglars"
403
abortive
fruitless, failing
404
abortive | əˈbɔːrtɪv
adjective an abortive action is not successful : an abortive attempt/​effort ▪ an abortive attempt to ban junk food in schools ▪ He was arrested for organizing the abortive coup (= an attempt to take over a government that fails ) مسقط، رشد نکرده، عقیم، بی ثمر، بی نتیجه
405
accommodate | əˈkɑːməˌdeɪt
verb 1 to have or provide enough space for a particular number of people or things : ▪ The hotel can only accommodate 200 people. ▪ He bought a huge house to accommodate his library. 2 to accept someone's opinions or needs and try to do what they want, especially when their opinions or needs are different from yours : ▪ We generally try to accommodate employees' requests for transfers. 3 to give someone a place to stay, live, or work : ▪ Twenty cabins on the ship are designed to accommodate disabled passengers. 4 to get used to a new situation, or make yourself do this : ▪ Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness. همساز، همساز کردن، جا دادن، منزل دادن، وفق دادن با، تطبیق نمودن، تصفیه کردن، اصلاح کردن، اماده کردن(برای)، پول وام دادن(بکسی)
406
barometer | bəˈrɑːmətər
noun 1 an instrument for measuring changes in the air pressure, used to look for weather patterns and to calculate height above sea level 2 something that shows or gives an idea of changes that are happening : ▪ Applications for building permits are a barometer of future construction activity. هواسنج، میزان الهوا ، فشار سنج (برای اندازه‌گیری فشارهوا)
407
buff | ˈbəf
noun 1.a soft, thick, light-yellow leather with a napped surface, originally made from buffalo skin but later also from other skins, used for making belts, pouches, etc. 2.a brownish-yellow color; tan. 3.a buff stick or buff wheel. 4.a devotee or well-informed student of some activity or subject: Civil War buffs avidly read the new biography of Grant. 5.Informal. the bare skin: in the buff. ▪ Still, if Obama is seen as steering a middle course between unyielding partisans, that could buff his centrist credentials. چرم گاومیش، چرم زرد خوابدار، ضربت، گاو وحشی،زرد نخودی، محکم، از چرم گاومیش، براق کردن، جلا، پوست انسان
408
conjugal | ˈkɑːndʒəɡəl
adjective 1.of, relating to, or characteristic of marriage: conjugal vows. 2.pertaining to the relation between marriage partners. ▪ Contrast this vision of conjugal kink with traditional Christianity, which tends to treat sex as, at best, a necessary evil. نکاحی، ازدواجی
409
crave | ˈkreɪv
verb to have an extremely strong desire for something : ▪ Most little kids crave attention. ارزو کردن، طلبیدن، اشتیاق داشتن
410
deem | ˈdiːm
verb to think of or consider something in a particular way SYN consider : deem something appropriate/​necessary/​acceptable etc. ▪ Judges can give any punishment they deem appropriate. deem that ▪ Officials deemed that the risks of the mission were too great. پنداشتن، فرض کردن، خیال کردن پنداشتن، فرض کردن، خیال کردن
411
inherent | ˌɪnˈhɪrənt
adjective a quality that is inherent in something is a natural part of it and cannot be separated from it : ▪ Dance is an inherent part of the culture. ▪ risks inherent in starting a small business ذاتی، اصلی، چسبنده
412
innate | ˌɪˈneɪt
adjective an innate quality is part of a person's character from the time they are born : ▪ He has an innate sense of fairness. درون زاد، ذاتی، فطری، جبلی، مادرزاد، طبیعی، لاینفک، اصلی، داخلی، درونی، چسبنده، غریزی
413
irrelevant | ɪˈreləvənt
adjective not useful in or not relating to a particular situation, and therefore not important : ▪ His age is completely irrelevant if he can do the job. ▪ How the problem happened is irrelevant now. We just have to fix it. نا مربوط، بی ربط
414
itinerant | aɪˈtɪnərənt
adjective traveling from place to place, especially to work : ▪ itinerant farm workers سیار، دوره گرد
415
latent | ˈleɪtənt
adjective something that is latent is present but hidden, and may develop or become more noticeable in the future : ▪ The virus remains latent in the body for many years. ➔ see also dormant پنهان، ناپیدا، پوشیده، درحال کمون، مکنون
416
modify | ˈmɑːdəˌfaɪ
verb 1 to make small changes to something in order to improve it and make it more appropriate or effective : ▪ The feedback will be used to modify the teaching system for next year. modify something to do something ▪ I modified the handlebars on my bike to make it more comfortable. 2 if an adjective, adverb etc. modifies another word, it describes it or limits its meaning. In the phrase "walk slowly," the adverb "slowly" modifies the verb "walk." تغییر دادن، اصلاح کردن، تعدیل کردن
417
myriad | ˈmɪriəd
adjective very many SYN countless : ▪ the myriad causes of homelessness ده هزار، هزارها، بیشمار
418
peregrination | ˌperɪɡrɪˈneɪʃn̩
noun 1.travel from one place to another, especially on foot. 2.a course of travel; journey. ▪ They were contented with the peregrination of daily necessity. مسافرت دور،جهانگردی،دربدری
419
tortuous
winding
420
spontaneous | spanˈteɪniəs
adjective 1 happening or done without being planned or organized : ▪ spontaneous applause 2 doing things when you want to, without planning or organizing them first : ▪ I'm trying to be more spontaneous. 3 technical happening suddenly in a natural way خود بخود، خود انگیز، بی اختیار، فوری
421
urbane
polished, civilized
422
veneer
thin covering
423
under the wire
just in time
424
to be at large
not confined or in jail
425
go against the grain
to irritate
426
wink at
to pretend not to see
427
amnesty
a general pardon
428
balk
to refuse to move
429
blunt
plain spoken
430
coup
revolution, overthrow
431
dismantle
take apart, disassemble
432
exonerate
to free from guilt
433
expatriate
an exile
434
fiat
an official order, a decree
435
legion
large number
436
mendacious
false, lying
437
megalomania
abnormal desire for power
438
nostalgia
yearning for the past
439
parsimonious
miserly
440
pecuniary
financial
441
profligate
wasteful
442
restrictive
harsh, confining
443
rife
widespread
444
strife
unrest, discord
445
sumptuous
lavish
446
underwrite
agree to finance
447
to play possum
to try to fool someone; to make believe one is asleep or dead
448
it's an ill wind that blows nobody good
someone usually benefits from another person's misfortune
449
know the ropes
to be fully acquainted with the procedures
450
behind the eight ball
in trouble
451
abstemious
moderate in eating or drinking
452
derogatory
expressing a low opinion
453
disparate
different
454
edifice
building
455
extant
still existing
456
indict
accuse
457
levity
humor, lightness of disposition
458
lugubrious
very sad
459
maudlin
sentimental
460
nebulous
vague, not clear
461
omnivorous
eatting any kind of food
462
pesky
annoying
463
puissant
powerful
464
redolent
fragrant
465
repose
state of rest
466
reviled
scolded
467
sultry
torrid
468
trenchant
keen, sharp, biting
469
unabated
without subsiding
470
vicissitudes
difficulties
471
left holding the bag
to be left to suffer the blame
472
a lick and a promise
to do something in a hasty and superficial manner
473
tongue in cheek
insincerely
474
take the wind out of one's sails
to remove someone's advantage
475
ascetic
one who practices self-denial
476
bona fide
genuine
477
decadence
decay
478
destitution
extreme poverty
479
desultory
disconnected, random
480
disciple
follower
481
fulsome
excessive
482
indoctrinate
to teach certain principles
483
lush
luxurious
484
materialism
concern with possessions
485
metamorphosis
change
486
nirvana
heavenly place
487
nurture
nourish
488
obsequious
seeking favor
489
opulence
wealth
490
penance
atonement for sin
491
ponder
consider carefully
492
salvation
deliverance from ruin
493
scion
descendant
494
supplication
earnest prayer
495
two strings to one's bow
two means of achieving one's aim
496
on tenter hooks
in a state of anxiety
497
fat is in the fire
the mischief is done
498
like Caesar's wife
above suspicion
499
acknowledge
admit
500
appellation
a name
501
chimerical
imaginary, fantastic
502
connubial
related to marriage
503
cope
to be a match for
504
covert
secret
505
cumulative
accumulated
506
delude
to fool
507
demur
to object
508
escalation
intensification
509
fabricate
to lie
510
incapacitated
disabled
511
incompatibility
lack of harmony
512
indifference
lack of concern
513
juxtapose
to place side by side
514
palliate
relieve without curing
515
plight
predicament
516
potential
possible
517
prelude
introduction
518
recondite
obscure, hidden
519
in apple pie order
in neat order, good condition
520
apple polishing
trying to gain favor by gifts or flattery
521
Draconian Code
a very severe set of rules
522
analogous
comparable, similar
523
catastrophic
disastrous
524
compensatory
serving to pay back
525
decade
ten years
526
enunciate
to utter, proclaim
527
gamut
range
528
heterogeneous
dissimilar
529
inordinate
excessive
530
introspective
looking into one's own feelings
531
irascible
irritable
532
maladjusted
disturbed
533
mandate
authoritative command
534
mortality
death
535
neurotic
having a nervous disorder
536
neutralize
counteract
537
pedagogue
teacher
538
perpetuate
to cause to continue
539
perspicacious
shrewd
540
phenomenon
unusual occurrence
541
susceptible
easily affected
542
the distaff side
women
543
on the qui vive
on the alert
544
to get one's back up
to become angry
545
bring home the bacon
to earn a living, to succeed
546
abhor
to utterly hate
547
absurd
ridiculous
548
anthropologist
person who studies mankind's customs
549
artifact
a hand-made object
550
bigot
one who is not tolerant of others' ideas
551
bizarre
weird
552
contemptuous
looking down on someone or something
553
entreaty
plea, appeal
554
fetish
a magical object
555
imperative
necessary
556
imprudent
unwise
557
inanimate
without life
558
inviolable
completely protected
559
originate
begin, arise
560
prohibition
forbidding of certain actions
561
taboo
forbidden
562
taint
contaminate
563
tradition
long-standing practice
564
universal
widespread
565
vulnerable
able to hurt
566
to get off one's high horse
to act like an ordinary person
567
of the first water
of the best quality, of the greatest
568
dyed-in-the-wool
set in one's ways
569
blue chip
a highly valuable asset, stock, or property
570
aegis
protection, sponsorship, shield
571
awesome
inspiring terror, weird
572
conflagration
great fire
573
congenial
agreeable, sympathetic
574
debris
ruins, fragments
575
deplorable
sad, pitiable
576
detriment
hurt, damage, injury
577
dispersed
broken up, scattered, spread
578
doddering
trembling, shaking with old age
579
eruption
bursting out
580
hoard
accumulate, save, store up
581
imbibe
drink
582
initiate
set going, start
583
longevity
long duration of life
584
obliterate
wipe out, erase
585
puny
weak, unimportant
586
rue
regret
587
sage
wise man, philosopher
588
senile
infirm, weak as a result of old age
589
virile
manly, masterful
590
as broad as it is long
"it makes very little difference"
591
blow hot and cold
swing for and against something"
592
in the doldrums
in a bored or depressed state
593
burn the midnight oil
study or work late into the night
594
acute
severe, keen, sharp
595
aversion
opposition, strong dislike
596
cogent
forceful, convincing, persuasive
597
evince
show plainly, exhibit
598
gist
main point, essence
599
hostile
angry, antagonistic
600
inevitable
unavoidable, certain, sure
601
intrinsic
inborn, natural, essential
602
jettison
throw overboard, discard
603
lucrative
profitable
604
paramount
foremost, supreme
605
prevalent
general, common, prevailing
606
rebuke
reprimand, reproach, criticize
607
remiss
negligent, careless
608
superficial
on the surface, slight
609
lethargic
lazy, indifferent
610
terse
compact, brief, concise
611
transient
fleeting, passing, short-lived
612
tussle
a rough struggle
613
vogue
fashion
614
to strike while the iron is hot
to take action at the right moment
615
to split hairs
to make fine distinctions
616
sleep on it
postpone a decision while giving it some thought
617
once in a blue moon
on a very rare occasion
618
adamant
inflexible, unyieding
619
ardent
eager, passionate
620
array
system, arrangement
621
bereft
deprived of
622
besmirch
stain, soil, dim the reputation
623
constrict
bind, limit, squeeze
624
culminate
reach the highest point
625
egotist
a conceited, vain person
626
exultation
triumphant joy
627
falter
hesitate, waver, stumble
628
humility
modesty, meekness, humbleness
629
invective
insulting, abusive speech
630
inveterate
firmly established, habitual
631
obscure
unclear, unknown, lowly
632
pinnacle
peak, crown, summit
633
prodigy
phenomenon, marvel
634
pungent
sharply stimulating
635
retrospect
looking backward
636
vitriolic
biting, burning
637
voluminous
bulky, large
638
to break the ice
to make a beginning
639
to pull one's own weight
to do a fair share of the work
640
to bring down the house
to cause great enthusiasm
641
loaded for bear
to be well prepared
642
avarice
passion for riches, greed
643
bedlam
uproar, confusion
644
cacophony
harsh sound, discord, dissonance
645
compatible
well-matched, harmonious
646
disgruntled
displeased, unhappy
647
equanimity
composure, eveness of mind
648
eradicate
wipe out
649
exploit
utilize, profit by
650
impede
hinder, interfere, block
651
infallible
exempt from error, right
652
insatiable
cannot be satisfied
653
irrational
absurd, unreasonable
654
moribund
at the point of death, dying
655
nadir
lowest point
656
panacea
cure-all
657
propinquity
nearness in time and place
658
revere
admire, respect, honor
659
sedate
sober, still, quiet, undisturbed
660
serenity
peaceful repose
661
vulnerable
susceptible, open to attack
662
lock, stock, and barrel
entirely, completely
663
out on a limb
in a dangerous or exposed position
664
a feather in one's cap
something to be proud of
665
a white elephant
a costly and useless possession
666
adherent
supporter, backer
667
adversary
enemy, foe, opponent
668
apathy
unconcern, lack of interest
669
atypical
nonconforming
670
banal
meaningless from overuse, trivial
671
bliss
pleasure, happiness
672
dilettante
one with little knowledge and great interest
673
exhort
urge strongly, advise
674
fracas
brawl, noisy fight
675
garrulous
wordy, talkative
676
gusto
zest, enjoyment, enthusiasm
677
indolent
lazy
678
inebriated
intoxicated, drunk
679
lithe
graceful
680
nondescript
difficult to describe, undistinguished
681
obese
very fat
682
pathetic
pitiful, sad, distressing
683
pique
fit of resentment
684
platitude
trite saying
685
wane
decline, decrease
686
on the spur of the moment
without thinking, on impulse
687
in the arms of Morpheus
asleep
688
to take French leave
to go away without permission
689
a fly in the ointment
something that spoils or lessens the enjoyment
690
candor
honesty, frankness
691
charlatan
fraud, pretender
692
condescend
lower oneself, stoop
693
decorum
correct behavior, politeness
694
encumbrance
load, handicap, burden
695
extinct
no longer existing
696
fledgling
little known, newly developed
697
galvanize
arouse or excite to activity
698
gaudy
showy, flashy
699
idyllic
peaceful, simple
700
jocose
merry, humorous
701
jubilant
in high spirits, joyful
702
malign
slander, abuse
703
mortify
humiliate, embarrass
704
omnipotent
unlimited in power or authority, almighty
705
peremptory
binding, compulsory, absolute
706
precedent
custom, model
707
rustic
unpolished, countrified
708
wheedle
persuade, coax, cajole
709
zenith
top, prime, summit
710
Achilles heel
weak spot
711
forty winks
a short nap
712
in the lap of the gods
out of one's own hands
713
from pillar to post
from one place to another
714
anomaly
abnormality, irregularity
715
arbiter
judge
716
attenuated
decreased, weakened, thinned
717
concomitant
attending, accompanying
718
deleterious
harmful, bad
719
dissent
protest, differ, disagree
720
efficacy
power to produce an effect
721
ferment
agitation, turmoil, uproar
722
fervid
enthusiastic, passionate, intense
723
heresy
lack of faith, dissent, unbelief
724
incumbent
morally required
725
innocuous
mild, innocent, harmless
726
lassitude
fatigue, weariness
727
milieu
setting, environment
728
ostensible
seeming, pretend, outward
729
propagate
multiply, spread, produce
730
prudent
cautious, wise
731
spurious
counterfeit, false, specious
732
strident
rough, harsh, shrill
733
surfeit
superabundance, excess
734
cold shoulder
to disregard or ignore
735
swan song
final or last
736
to get the sack
to be discharged or fired
737
without rhyme or reason
making no sense
738
alleviate
lighten, make easier
739
ambiguous
undefined, vague, not specific
740
archaic
out of date
741
bizarre
fantastic, odd
742
celerity
rapidity, speed
743
condone
pardon, excuse
744
emulate
strive to equal, rival
745
expedite
carry out promptly
746
extraneous
not belonging, foreign
747
facetious
humorous, comical, witty
748
menial
degrading, humble
749
paltry
of little importance
750
prodigious
enormous, extraordinary
751
profound
intense, deep
752
rabid
furious, mad, fanatical
753
salubrious
wholesome, healthful
754
succinct
concise, brief
755
trivial
petty, worthless
756
usurp
annex, grab, seize
757
venerable
respected, worshipped
758
to feather one's nest
to enrich oneself at every opportunity
759
ivory tower
out of touch with life
760
the writing on the wall
an event that predicts the future
761
on the bandwagon
joining with the majority
762
abjure
abstain from, renounce
763
allay
soothe, calm
764
complacent
self-satisfied
765
connoisseur
expert
766
debilitate
weaken
767
deter
discourage, hinder
768
discreet
prudent, careful, cautious
769
evanescent
momentary, passing, fleeting
770
foment
stir up, instigate
771
glean
collect, gather
772
impetuous
impulsive
773
occult
supernatural, mysterious, secret
774
penitent
regretful, confessing guilt
775
propensity
bent, inclination, disposition
776
quarry
something hunted or pursued
777
reproach
rebuke, reprimand
778
slovenly
disorderly, carelessly
779
somber
sad, gloomy
780
tantamount
identical, equivalent
781
wary
watchful, shrewd
782
out of one's depth
in a situation that is too dificult to handle
783
to hit the nail on the head
to state or guess something correctly
784
to take under one's wing
to become responsible for
785
on the dot
exactly on time
786
antiquated
out-of-date, obsolete
787
asinine
stupid, silly
788
au courant
up-to-date
789
calumny
slander, false accusation
790
commodious
spacious, large
791
cumbersome
burdensome, unwieldy
792
disheveled
disorderly clothing or hair
793
divulge
reveal, disclose
794
facade
superficial appearance, front
795
fastidious
choosy, particular
796
fluctuate
alternate, shift
797
grimace
facial expression of disgust
798
interrogate
question
799
noisome
unwholesome, foul
800
pittance
small amount
801
site
location
802
tenacious
stubborn, tough
803
unkempt
neglected, untidy
804
unmitigated
as bad as can be, unrelieved
805
vigil
wakeful watching
806
brass tacks
the real problem or situation
807
hook, line, and sinker
completely, all the way
808
lily-livered
cowardly
809
to take a leaf out of someone's book
to imitate or follow the example
810
cliche
a commonplace phrase
811
countenance
approve, tolerate
812
debacle
collapse, ruin
813
effrontery
boldness
814
equanimity
self-control
815
flabbergasted
astounded
816
gaunt
haggard, thin
817
hirsute
hairy
818
lampoon
ridicule
819
mien
bearing, appearance
820
nonentity
one of no importance
821
parable
a moralistic story
822
pensive
reflective, thoughtful
823
refute
prove wrong, disprove
824
sanctimonious
hypocritically religious
825
stupor
insensible condition, daze
826
vivacious
gay, lively
827
whet
stir up, stimulate
828
whimsical
witty, humorous
829
wince
flinch, draw back
830
tounge in one's cheek
not to be sincere
831
to leave no stone unturned
to make every effort, to try one's best
832
to pull up stakes
to quit a place
833
to raise Cain
make a fuss, cause trouble
834
acme
zenith, pinnacle, peak
835
candid
open, honest, frank
836
compassion
kindness, sympathetic feeling
837
copious
plentiful, abundant, ample
838
covet
wish, envy, want
839
degrade
lower, make contemptible
840
depict
portray, picture, describe clearly
841
dexterity
physical or mental skill
842
epitome
person or thing that represents the best
843
genre
a certain form or style in painting or literature
844
grotesque
fantastic, strange, bizarre
845
ignominious
disgraceful, humiliating
846
ingratiate
charm, win confidence
847
naive
unsophisticated, unworldly
848
penury
poverty
849
perfidious
false, treacherous
850
repugnant
repulsive, distasteful
851
unsavory
morally bad, disagreeable, offensive
852
vehemently
passionately, violently, eagerly
853
venial
forgivable, pardonable
854
to throw the book at someone
to give maximum punishment
855
in seventh heaven
the highest happiness or delight
856
terra firma
solid, firm land
857
keep a stiff upper lip
keep up courage, stand up to trouble
858
antipathy
hate, distaste, dislike
859
austere
unadorned, simple, hard
860
conductive
leading, helpful
861
confront
come face to face with
862
erudite
very scholarly
863
felicitous
happy
864
germane
in close relationship to, appropriate
865
halcyon
calm, peaceful
866
iconoclast
attacker of beliefs, image-breaker
867
motivate
provoke, stimulate, inspire
868
nascent
beginning to develop or exist
869
phobia
strong dislike, persistent fear
870
rationalize
use or give a reason other than the real one
871
servile
submissive, slavish
872
sojourn
temporary stay
873
superfluous
surplus, excessive
874
tenable
supportable; defendable
875
therapy
curing or healing process
876
vertigo
dizziness
877
volition
willpower; choice
878
to upset the apple cart
to overturn or disturb a plan or intention
879
to tighten one's belt
to get set for bad times or poverty
880
off the beaten track
not usual, out of the ordinary
881
a square peg in a round hole
an able man in the wrong job
882
audacity
daring, boldness
883
capitulate
make terms, surrender
884
chicanery
underhandedness, trickery
885
docile
easy to manage
886
facet
one side or view of person or situation
887
fatal
disastrous, deadly
888
foist
pass as genuine, pass off slyly
889
glib
smooth of speech
890
homogenous
uniform, same
891
legerdemain
deceptive adroitness, sleight of hand
892
malleable
capable of being formed or shaped
893
passe
old-fashioned, outmoded
894
procrastinate
put off, delay
895
reticent
reserved, silent
896
retort
reply, answer
897
stagnant
inactive, dull, motionless
898
stigmatize
to mark with a disgrace
899
tacit
not stated, understood, implied
900
tantalize
tease or torment by offering something good, but fail to deliver
901
trend
general direction
902
castles in the air
to dream about a wonderful future
903
to get up on the wrong side of the bed
to be in a bad mood
904
by hook or by crook
at any cost, any way at all
905
to maintain the status quo
to keep things as they are
906
belated
delayed, late
907
callous
unfeeling
908
decrepit
worn out, broken down
909
delineation
description in words, sketch
910
demeanor
bearing, conduct
911
flay
scold harshly, strip off the skin
912
heinous
hatefully evil
913
imperturbable
serene, steady, calm
914
infraction
violation
915
Machiavellian
not principled, governed by opportunity
916
opprobrium
insult, scorn
917
pandemonium
uproar, disorder
918
redress
to right a wrong
919
saga
heroic story
920
staunch
firm, trusty, strong
921
turpitude
evil, wickedness, vileness
922
unconcionable
unreasonable, without conscience
923
vacillate
fluctuate, hesitate
924
vindicate
justify, absolve
925
vituperation
abuse, blame
926
through thick and thin
in spite of all sorts of difficulties
927
to take by storm
to make a fast impression
928
a sacred cow
a person who cannot be criticized
929
to be in fine fettle
to be in fine spirits, feeling well
930
augment
increase, enlarge
931
cant
insincere or almost meaningless talk
932
clique
small, exclusive group of people
933
contort
twist violently
934
elucidate
to make clear
935
extol
praise highly
936
facile
easily accomplished or attained
937
fatuous
inane, foolish, silly
938
imperceptible
extremely slight or gradual
939
lassitude
weakness, weariness
940
magnanimous
noble, generous
941
mentor
tutor, counselor, coach
942
proximity
nearness
943
repertoire
works that an artist is ready to perform
944
rhetoric
use (sometimes exaggerated) of language
945
umbrage
offense, resentment
946
unwieldy
difficult to handle, bulky
947
vapid
dull, uninteresting
948
vilify
slander, malign
949
vitiate
destroy the use or value
950
to live in a fool's paradise
to be happy without a real basis
951
the sum and substance
the heart or substantial part
952
on pins and needles
to be on edge, jumpy
953
to have at one's fingertips
to have ready, to have a thorough knowledge
954
advent
coming of an important event
955
allude
suggest, hint
956
bogus
fake, counterfeit
957
curry
to seek favor by flattery
958
denote
mean, show, indicate
959
impious
irreverent, lacking respect
960
insidious
treacherous, sly, seductive
961
intrinsic
inherent, within itself
962
nutritive
having nourishing properties
963
pall
become dull, cease to please
964
potpourri
mixture, melody
965
proffer
offer for acceptance
966
propriety
correctness, suitability
967
raucous
shrill, harsh
968
sanction
certify, endorse
969
satiety
surfeit, excess, fullness
970
shibboleth
slogan, pet phrase
971
spate
rush, flood
972
substantiate
ratify, confirm
973
succulent
juicy
974
to twist around one's finger
tto control completely
975
the acid test
a severe test
976
a pretty kettle of fish
a mess, trouble
977
a blind alley
a direction that leads nowhere
978
artifice
strategy, trickery
979
artless
naive, innocent
980
begrudge
to be resentful or reluctant
981
blase
indifferent, not responsive to excitement
982
callous
unfeeling, hardened
983
capricious
fanciful, whimsical
984
comely
handsome, beautiful
985
delve
to do research, dig
986
diversity
change, variety
987
ennui
boredom
988
expedient
fit, adviseable
989
expurgate
to remove objectionable parts or passages
990
frenetic
frenzied, frantic
991
gratuity
tip
992
manifest
obvious, evident
993
negligible
inconsiderable, trifling
994
qualm
twinge of conscience
995
quandary
dilemma, doubt
996
replenish
to restock, fill again
997
requisite
requirement
998
to make the best of a bad bargain
to change or go along with a poor situation
999
to do one's heart good
to make one feel happy or better
1000
worth one's weight in gold
extremely valuable, very useful
1001
to make ends meet
to manage on a given income
1002
aloof
reserved, apart. distant
1003
ameliorate
relieve, improve
1004
atrophy
waste away
1005
benevolent
charitable, kindly
1006
criterion
test, model, standard
1007
cynic
skeptic, pessimist
1008
guise
mien, appearance, manner
1009
iniquity
wickedness, injustice
1010
largess
liberality, gift, gratuity
1011
maim
cripple, disable
1012
mercenary
greedy, motivated by desire for gain
1013
mollify
appease, pacify
1014
pariah
social outcast
1015
pragmatic
based on experience, practical
1016
repent
desire to make ammends, regret
1017
roster
a list of names
1018
stunted
held back or checked in natural growth
1019
subservient
obsequious, servile
1020
unctuous
affectedly emotional
1021
vestige
evidence, trace
1022
to burn the midnight oil
to study or work until very late
1023
to lay one's cards on the table
to talk frankly
1024
a bolt from the blue
a great surpise
1025
to tell tales out of school
to reveal harmful secrets
1026
canard
a made-up sensational story
1027
carnage
slaughter
1028
defamatory
damaging character by false reports
1029
deluge
flood
1030
deprecate
express disapproval
1031
devout
sincere, religious
1032
diminutive
small, tiny
1033
dulcet
sweet or melodious to the ear
1034
excoriate
criticize severely
1035
frail
weak, delicate
1036
futility
uselessness
1037
impromptu
offhand, spur of the moment
1038
libel
degradation by writing or publishing
1039
malevolant
ill-disposed, ill-intentioned
1040
nullify
cancel, abolish
1041
plaintiff
the complaining party, in law
1042
potent
intense, strong, powerful
1043
profuse
abundant, overflowing
1044
reputed
believed, thought, supposed
1045
technology
applied science
1046
a pretty kettle of fish
a messy situation, a problem
1047
to be under a cloud
to be in temporary disgrace or trouble
1048
to toe the mark
to obey or stick to a rule or policy
1049
to build upon sand
to have a poor base, or not sufficient preparation
1050
appalled
shocked, dismayed
1051
bagatelle
a trifle
1052
brigand
bandit, robber
1053
callow
inexperienced, youthful
1054
corpulent
excessively fat, fleshy, obese
1055
decapitate
behead
1056
emissary
an agent
1057
livid
pale
1058
martinet
strict disciplinarian
1059
penchant
a strong leaning in favor
1060
raconteur
a skilled storyteller
1061
rail
use abusive language, scold
1062
raiment
clothing, dress
1063
rift
an opening, a split
1064
ruminate
reflect upon, ponder
1065
sullen
grim, ill-humored
1066
taut
on edge, keyed up, tense
1067
termagant
a shrew, a scolding woman
1068
wistful
wishful, pensive, longing
1069
yen
strong desire, strong longing
1070
a cat's paw
a person used as a tool or dupe
1071
the die is cast
an unchangeable decision has been made
1072
coup de grace
the finishing stroke
1073
to flog a dead horse
to continue to make an issue of something that is over
1074
ascertain
find out about, discover
1075
burgeoned
grew, flourished
1076
charisma
quality of leadership inspiring enthusiasm
1077
dearth
lack, scarcity
1078
derived
received from a source, descended from
1079
disseminate
scatter, spread
1080
dormant
asleep, resting
1081
encomium
high praise
1082
factitious
artificial, sham
1083
genocide
planned destruction of an entire people
1084
hyperbole
exaggerated figure of speech
1085
internecine
mutually destructive, involving conflict in a group
1086
munificent
generous
1087
nepotism
favoritism towards relatives
1088
obloquy
dishonor, disgrace, shame
1089
potentate
ruler
1090
prerogative
an exclusive power or right
1091
prevarication
lying, deviation from the truth
1092
sophistry
false reasoning or argument
1093
tyro
novice, beginner
1094
to draw in one's horns
to become cautious
1095
straight from the shoulder
in a direct, open way
1096
to throw cold water
to discourage a plan or idea
1097
to rub a person the wrong way
to do something to irritate or annoy
1098
the sword of Damocles
any imminent danger
1099
romp | ˈrɑːmp
verb 1 to play in a noisy way, especially by running, jumping etc. around/​through etc. ▪ Children romped around happily in the puddles. 2 to defeat another team or player in a sports competition very easily : romp to a win/​victory ▪ The women's team romped to a 132-81 win over Texas. با جیغ وداد بازی کردن، سر وصدا