1.11 FIBERS AND TEXTILES

Question 1

define fibres

Answer 1

very fine hair like structures that are spun or twisted together to make yarn

Question 2

what do yarn do

Answer 2

woven or knitted to make textile fabrics.

Question 3

Wool - source, properties and uses

Answer 3

SOURCE - SHEEP FLEECE

PROPERTIES - warm, absorbent, low flammability, good elasticity, crease resistant

USES - warm outerwear eg coats and jackets.

Knitwear, soft furnishings, carpets and blankets

Question 4

Cotton - source, properties and uses

Answer 4

SOURCE - Cotton plant/seed pod

PROPERTIES - absorbent, strong, cool to wear, hardwearing but creases easily, smooth and easy to care for, flammable and it can shrink.

USES - clothing, bedlinen, towels, sewing and knitting threads.

Question 5

Whats a synthetic fibre?

Answer 5

Synthetic, or manufactured fiberes are artificial.

Question 6

advantages of synthetic fibre

Answer 6

can be manufactured to specific requirements

Question 7

disadvantages of synthetic fibres

Answer 7

not biodegradable
come from unsustainable sources

Question 8

examples of synthetic fibres

Answer 8

polyester
acrylic

Question 9

POLYESTER - source, properties and uses

Answer 9

SOURCE - fossil fuels, coal and petroleum

PROPERTIES - strong wet and dry, flame resistant, thermoplastic, hardwearing but poor absorbency

Question 10

ACRYLIC - source, properties and uses

Answer 10

SOURCE - same as polyester. fossil fuels: petroleum but not coal

PROPERTIES - strong, but NOT WHEN WET. thermoplastic, burns slowly then melts, but poor absorbency.

USES - knitwear and some knitted fabrics, fake fur products like toys and carpets.

Question 11

woven fabrics consists of..

Answer 11

warp and weft yarns in an under over configuration

Question 12

different weave creates fabrics with different…

Answer 12

textures
pattern
strength

Question 13

define a plain weave

Answer 13

most basic
stable and strong
even surface on both sides
example? calico

Question 14

define a twill weave

Answer 14

a diagonal pattern
adds strength
eg. denim

Question 15

what does a plain weave look like?

Answer 15

under over under over

Question 16

what does a twill weave look like

Answer 16

the single piece: under 2, over 2

the double piece: under 1, over 1

Question 17

differene between warp and weft?

Answer 17

warp is the straight one going up the never across

weft “wefts” its way around like a snake

Question 18

felted fabrics are made by

Answer 18

applying:

moisture
heat
pressure
friction

to a web of fibres

causes them to bind together

Question 19

felt fabric uses

Answer 19

craft projects, hats, snooker table surfaces

Question 20

bonded textiles are made using

Answer 20

a web of fibres

held by adhesive/stitching

Question 21

are non woven/bonded fibres strong?

Answer 21

no. not strong enough to be made into garments

but theyre used to reinforce woven and knitted fabrics

Question 22

how are bonded fibres at producing?

Answer 22

cheap to produce

Question 23

what are bonded fibres often used for

Answer 23

surgical gowns and masks

wipes

disposable protective suits

Question 24

how are knitted granny fabrics made

Answer 24

creating series of loops in yarn that interlock

Question 25

whats the two types of knitting weaves

Answer 25

warp and weft

Question 26

knitted fabric properties

Answer 26

easy to stretch and warm to wear

Question 27

weft knitting consists of

Answer 27

1 yarn
series of horizontally interlocking loops

Question 28

warp knitting consists of

Answer 28

multiple yarns and loops interlocking vertically