2.2 organization and managment

Question 1

organization structure

Answer 1

rfers to the levels of management and division of responsibilities within a business.

Question 2

organizational chart

Answer 2

diagram that outlines internal managment structure

Question 3

hierarchy

Answer 3

level of managment in any organization

Question 4

advantages of origination chart

Answer 4

• All employees are aware of which communication channel is used to reach them with messages
• Everyone knows their position in the business. They know who they are accountable to and who they are accountable for
• It shows the links and relationship between the different departments
• Gives everyone a sense of belonging as they appear on the organizational chart

Question 5

chain of command

Answer 5

the sturcture in an orginization which allows inscructions to be passed down from senior to lower management

Question 6

span of control

Answer 6

number of subordinate workign under a manager

Question 7

advantages of short chain of command disadvantages of long chain of command

Answer 7

-Communication is quicker and more accurate- less levels to pass thru
-Top managers are less remote from lower employees, so employees will be more motivated and top managers can always stay in touch with the employees
Spans of control will be wider :
-encourage them to delegate = the subordinates will be more motivated and feel trusted.
-less direct control over each
cons
-is the risk that managers may lose control over the tasks.
-subordinates cud make mistakes if poorly trained `

Question 8

role of management

Answer 8

planning
organizing
coordinating
commanding
controlling

gives a sense of control and direction
coordination between departments
control of empplyees
organization of resources

Question 9

planning (management)

Answer 9

setting aims and targets for the organisations/department to achieve:
-It will give the department and it’s employees a clear sense of purpose and direction
-resources required to achieve these targets – the number of people required, the finance needed etc.
-

Question 10

organizing (management)

Answer 10

managers should then organize the resources -allocating responsibilities to employees, possibly delegating.
organization chart

Question 11

coordinating

Answer 11

managers should ensure that each department is coordinating with one another to achieve the organization’s aims.

• effective communication between departments and managers and decision making.
• They need to come together regularly and make decisions that will help achieve each department’s aims as well as the organization’s = regular meetings

Question 12

commanding (management)

Answer 12

• managers need to guide, lead and supervise their employees in the tasks they do and make sure they are keeping to their deadlines and achieving targets.
• instructions and guideline to make sure tasks are being carried out

Question 13

controlling (management)

Answer 13

managers must try to assess and evaluate the performance of each of their employees.
If some employees fail to achieve their target, the manager must see why it has occurred and what he can do to correct it- maybe some training will be required or better equipment

Question 14

delegation

Answer 14

giving a subordinate the authority to perform a particular task

Question 15

advantages of delegation to managers

Answer 15

• managers cannot do all work by themselves
• managers are less likely to make mistakes
• managers can measure the efficiency and effectiveness of their subordinates’ work

However, managers may be reluctant to delegate as they may lose their control over the work

Question 16

Advantages of delegation to subordinates:

Answer 16

• the work becomes more interesting and rewarding- increased job satisfaction
• employees feel more important and feel trusted– increasing loyalty to the firm
• can act as a method of training and opportunities for promotions, if they do a good job.

Question 17

qualities of a good manager

Answer 17

• motivate employees
• guidance and advice
• inspire emplyee
• manage resources
• increase profitability of business
• make good decisions

Question 18

autocratic leadership

Answer 18

where the manager expects to be in charge of the business and have their orders followed
-top to down, one way of communication
-quick decision making
however
-no employee involvement in decision = unmotivatinng

Question 19

democratic leadership

Answer 19

-managers involve employees in the decision-making
-information about future plans is openly communicated and discussed with employees and a final decision is made by the manager.
-communication both ways
-motivating factor and better decisions
however
-unpopular but useful decisions could not be made

Question 20

Laissez-faire

Answer 20

makes the broad objectives of the business known to employees and leaves them to do their own decision-making and organize tasks.

• Communication is rather difficult since a clear direction is not given.
• The manager has a very limited role to play.
• encourages to show creativity and responsibility
• not good in an organization where a clear decision is needed

Question 21

Trade Unions

Answer 21

A trade union is a group of workers who have joined together to ensure their interest are protected

Question 22

Benefits to workers of joining a trade union:

Answer 22

• strength in number- a sense of belonging and unity
• improved conditions of employment, for example, better pay, holidays, hours of work etc
• improved working conditions, foe example, health and safety
• improved benefits for workers who are not working, because they’re sick, retired or made redundant (dismissed not because of any fault of their own)
• financial support if a member thinks he/she has been unfairly dismissed or treated
• benefits that have been negotiated for union member such as discounts on firm’s products, provision of health services
• improved job satisfaction by encouraging training
• benifits negotiated for union members
• secure employment for close shoped
• influence government policies

Question 23

Disadvantages to workers of joining a trade unions

Answer 23

• costs money to be a member- a membership fee will be required
• may be asked to take industrial action even if they don’t agree with the union- they may not get paid during a strike

Question 24

Benefits to employer of a trade union

Answer 24

• improve communication
• easier wage engotiotion
• trained workers

Question 25

Disadvantages to employer of a trade unions

Answer 25

• strikes if demands not met

- higher wages