Transport in Animals + Vessels - Circulation

Question 1

Transport

Answer 1

The movement of substances such as oxygen, nutrients, hormones, waste and heat around the body

=> affected by size, metabolic activity and SA:V ratio

Question 2

Double Circulatory System (1/2)

Answer 2

oxygenated blood from lungs => thru pulmonary vein => left atrium => left ventricle=> high blood pressure thru aorta to body/tissue (o2 used co2 produced)

Question 3

Double Circulatory System (2/2)

Answer 3

deoxygenated blood from body/tissues => thru vena cava to right atrium => right ventricle => thru pulmonary artery to lungs (o2 in co2 out)

Question 4

Veins

Answer 4

Carry blood to heart = vena cava + pulmonary vein

Question 5

Arteries function

Answer 5

Carries blood away from heart = pulmonary artery + aorta

Question 6

Pros + Cons of Double Circulatory System

Answer 6

PROS - heart can increase pressure of blood after passing through lungs so blood can flow to body more quickly + will deliver oxygen/nutrients quickly

CONS - blood pressure mustn’t be too high in pulmonary circulation as it could damage capillaries in lungs

Question 7

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 7

to lungs - less pressure as lungs are nearby

Question 8

Systematic circulation

Answer 8

to body - stronger + higher pressure to get to all of body - against gravity

Question 9

Artery

Answer 9

Thick wall - Thin elastic layer - thick muscle layer - thin fibrous layer - small lumen

Question 10

Arteriole composition

Answer 10

thin wall - less elastic - spiral muscle layer - no fibrous layer - small lumen

Question 11

Capillary

Answer 11

Very thin walls - no elastic, muscle or fibrous layer - tiny lumen

Question 12

Venules composition

Answer 12

very thin wall - no elastic or muscle layer - thin fibrous layer - small lumen

Question 13

Vein

Answer 13

thin wall + muscle , elastic and fibrous layer - relatively large lumen