chapter 14 - becoming part of the family

Question 1

parenting style

Answer 1

the behaviors and attitudes that parents have toward their children, which together create a particular parenting environment or climate

Question 2

authoritarian parents

Answer 2

a parent who adopts a stern, coercive mode of child rearing

Question 3

permissive parent

Answer 3

a parent who adopts a style of child rearing that is warm but set few if any guidelines for the child’s behavior

Question 4

authoritative parent

Answer 4

a parent who adopts a warm mode of child rearing with clear limits and guidelines for the child’s behavior

Question 5

ecological systems approach

Answer 5

an approach to the study of families that emphasizes the various contexts in which children develop and how children fit into those contexts

Question 6

child effect

Answer 6

a genetically determined behavior in a child that evokes a particular kind of behavioral response in the parent

Question 7

gender schema

Answer 7

a cognitive structure for interpreting gender-related activities and roles

Question 8

resource theory

Answer 8

the idea that the more children there are in a family, the fewer resources there are for each child

Question 9

confluence theory

Answer 9

the theory that as family size grows, there is a corresponding drop in the overall intellectual climate in the family because many conversations and interactions would be between children rather than between adults and children

Question 10

sibling differentiation

Answer 10

a phenomenon in which siblings strive to occupy contrasting social and skill niches as a way of developing their own distinctive identities in a family. This is in contrast to the case where younger siblings imitate older ones

Question 11

nuclear families

Answer 11

a family typically consisting of the mother and father as heads of the household, along with their children

Question 12

extended families

Answer 12

a family whose members reach across generations and sometimes incorporates aunts, uncles, and cousins

Question 13

internalizing problem

Answer 13

a problem that is largely within the individual, such as depression

Question 14

externalizing problem

Answer 14

a problem that is expressed externally by a child, such as aggression or sexual promiscuity

Question 15

blended family

Answer 15

a family consisting of the parents and all children from their current relationship as well as children from prior relationships

Question 16

cycle of abuse

Answer 16

the patterns in which abused children grow up to be abusing parents, whose abused children then grow up to abuse their children