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Leeds MBCHB Year 4 CCC > Chronic conditions > Flashcards

Chronic conditions Flashcards

1
Q

How will BPH normally present

A

LUTS

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2
Q

How is LUTS scored in BPH

A

IPSS

International prostate symptom score

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3
Q

Two key examinations in BPH

A

DRE
Abdominal exam for masses and palpable bladder
(PSA, dipstick)

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4
Q

Two types of drugs to treat BPH

A 
Alpha blockers (tamsulosin) - rapid improvements 
5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride) - slow improvement
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5
Q

What type of drug is finasteride

A

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

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6
Q

Key side effect of tamsulosin

A

Postural hypotension

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7
Q

Key side effect of finasteride

A

Sexual dysfunction

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8
Q

Side effects from TURP other than bleeding and infection

A 
Urinary incontinence
ED
Retrograde ejaculation
Strictures
Failure
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9
Q

Common mets in RCC

A

Canonball metastases

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10
Q

PNP syndromes in RCC

A

Polycythemia (EPO)
Hypercalcemia (PTH)
HTN (renin secretion)
Stauffers syndrome (abnormal LFTs without liver mets)

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11
Q

What is Stauffers syndrome

A

Abnormal LFTs in RCC without liver mets

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12
Q

Management of RCC if tumour less than 7cm

A

Partial nephrectomy

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13
Q

Most common type of renal stone

A

Calcium oxalate

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14
Q

Key thing to remember about uric acid stones

A

Not visible x-rays

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15
Q

First line investigation in renal stones

A

KUB CT within 24 hours

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16
Q

3 most common cancers at causing hypercalcaemia

A

Myeloma, breast and lung (squamous)

17
Q

Two medications that can reduce risk of renal stone formation

A

Potassium citrate - calcium oxalate stones and raised ca

Thiazides - calcium oxalate stones and raised ca

18
Q

Only condition GPs can refer for a direct access CT abdo

A

Pancreatic cancer

19
Q

Over 60 with weight loss and back pain

A

CT abdo within 2 weeks for ?pancreatic cancer

Same for diarrhoea, abdo pain, N and V, constipation

20
Q

Prognosis and treatment in mesothelioma

A

Very poor

Chemotherapy can improve survival but essentially palliative

21
Q

Why would a patient with lung cancer present with a horse voice

A

Tumour compressing recurrent laryngeal nerve

22
Q

Triad of Horners syndrome

A

Ptosis, anhidrosis and miosis

23
Q

What is limbic encephalitis

A

PNP of small lung cancer

Immune system creates antibodies against limbic system (loss of short term memory, hallucinations, confusion)

Associated with anti-hu antibodies

24
Q

Any patient over 40 with what factors can have an urgent CXR

A

Clubbing
Lymphadenopathy
Recurrent chest infection
Thrombocytosis

25
Q

60 year old smoker presents with fatigue, what investigation do they need

A

CXR within 2 weeks

26
Q

Should lung CTs be contrast enhanced

A

Yes

27
Q

Treatment for small vs non small

A

Non small - surgery (then radio)

Small - chemo and radio

28
Q

What type of gene is BRCA

A

Tumour supressor

Leeds MBCHB Year 4 CCC (7 decks)

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