Functional programming

Question 1

Function definition

Answer 1

A rule that for, for each element in some set A of inputs, assigns an output chosen from set B, but whithout necessarily using every member of B.

Question 2

Define an argument

Answer 2

A piece of data that is passed to a function, and the rule is applied to the argument, creating the return value.

Question 3

What is applied to the argument after it is passed to a function?

Answer 3

The rule

Question 4

What possible forms could an argument take?

Answer 4

A number (pos, neg, decimal)
Character
Or any other data type. 
Another function if the language supports it.

Question 5

Concerning using an argument as another function, what will the function need to do?

Answer 5

Will specify what data type is required for the argument.

Question 6

If f is the function, A is the input and B is the output, define the function type

Answer 6

f : A -> B

Question 7

In the function type F : A -> B what is A?

Answer 7

The argument type

Question 8

In the function type F : A -> B what is B? What is A?

What does this mean?

Answer 8

B = The result type. 
A = the argument type

This means that function f maps A to B.

Question 9

What do we describe the set of inputs (A) (the argument) as?

Answer 9

The domain.

Question 10

Whaf do we describe the set of outputs (B (the return type) as?

Answer 10

The co-domain.

Question 11

What must we remember about co-domains?

Answer 11

Not all members of the co-domain have to be used as outputs.

Question 12

how can functionalities of f be changed?

Answer 12

If f has a different function type

Question 13

First class object definition

Answer 13

Objects which may:
appear in expressions
Be assigned to a variable
Be assigned to arguments
Be returned in function calls

Question 14

What are functions known as in functional programming?

Answer 14

First class objects.

Question 15

What do some imperative languages support? What does this mean?

Answer 15

Functions as first class objects.

Functions can be passed as arguments or returned as the result of another function.

Question 16

Outline examples of first class objects

Answer 16

Integers
Floating point values
Characters
Strings

Question 17

Define function application

Answer 17

Applying the function rule to the arguments of the function

Question 18

How many arguments do functions take in functional programming?

Answer 18

One - (3,5 = a pair = one).

Question 19

What is a partial function

Answer 19

Takes advantage of the inability of a function to take more than one input.

Question 20

Outline arguments in a partial function

Answer 20

One of the arguments is fixed, leading to a more restricted, specialised function.

Question 21

What is functional composition

Answer 21

The act of combining two functions to create a new function.

Question 22

What is the benefit of a function composition?

Answer 22

The user is able to use the functions both seperately and in conjunction.

Question 23

What is the condition that must be met for two functions to be combined?

Answer 23

As long as domain of one of the functions is the same as the co-domain of the other.

Question 24

Symbol that imdicates two functions are being combined

Answer 24

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