US AOS2

Question 1

Neural Plasticity

Answer 1

Changes to the brain’s neural structure or function occurring at the synapse Neural connections are formed removed and remade on a continual basis providing the physiological basis for learning and memory

Question 2

Types Of Plasticity

Answer 2

Synaptic Plasticity
Adaptive Plasticity
Developmental Plasticity

Question 3

Synaptic Plasticity

Answer 3

.. refers to the ability of the synapse to change over time

Question 4

Adaptive Plasticity

Answer 4

… refers to the ability of the synapse to change over time a result of stimulating experiences and changes in the environment.

Question 5

Developmental Plasticity

Answer 5

… refers to rapid changes to the brain that happen with more ease in foetal development, babies, children and adolescents.

Question 6

Long Term Potentiation

Answer 6

Long lasting strengthening of synaptic connections, making synaptic transmissions more effective

Question 7

Long Term Depression

Answer 7

Long lasting decrease in the strength of synaptic connections, making synaptic transmissions less effective
Post synaptic neuron becomes less responsive
The effect is to weaken or silence communication at the synapse

Question 8

Neurotransmitters

Answer 8

Neurotransmitters enable communication of the information being learned and initiate or contribute to important structural changes at the synapse that help ensure the memory is durable and long-lasting when formed

Question 9

Neurohormones

Answer 9

Some neurohormones also have roles in learning and memory. Like neurotransmitters, neurohormones are chemical messengers that are manufactured by neurons and released from axon terminals

Question 10

Neurotransmitter example

Answer 10

Glutamate

Question 11

Neurohormone example

Answer 11

Adrenaline