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D2 > MNT Part 1 > Flashcards

MNT Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What to do w/ Steatorrhea

A

Limit fat

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2
Q

Lactose is least found in __ and most in ___

A
  1. Least is butter

2. Milk/Ice-cream

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3
Q

NAFLD

A

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- based on diet and lifestyle
- Obese pt and usually diabetes pt
& manage lifestyle and lose weight

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4
Q

Mediterranean diet is rich in

A

Alpha linolenic acid

- omega 3’s

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5
Q

What to do w/ constipation

A

high fiber, high fluid, exercise and limit alcohol

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6
Q

What foods cause diarrhea

A
  • High sugar and high fats
  • coffee
  • Sugar alcohols
    • pt needs to be rehydrated
    • BRAT diet (Banana, Rice, Apples, Toast)
  • **slowly introduce low fiber foods
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7
Q

Who needs B12 (6)

A

Patients w/

  • low stomach acids (maybe d/t omprezol and tums)
  • infections w/ H.Pylori
  • Metformin meds
  • Smokers and alcoholics
  • Gastritis
  • Strict Vegans
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8
Q

Fiber RDA for M & W

A

M: 38g
W: 25g
* fiber binds w/ minerals

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9
Q

High ALP and LOW ALP

A

High ALP = liver disease

Low ALP = Diabetes

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10
Q

Billroth I

A

A-Stromy

- Attaches stomach to duodenum (can cause dumping syndrome)

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11
Q

Hep A
Hep B
Hep C
*Nutritional needs

A

Hep A: Fecal
Hep B: sexually transmitted
Hep C: blood to blood
* needs: high protein, small frequent meals, extra coffee

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12
Q

Billroth II

A

attaches stomach to jejunum

can cause dumping syndrome

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13
Q

CVD: hypertension

A

Lower calories in diet so pt can lose weight

  • obesity is the cause of hypertension
  • DASH diet. Low Na, low fat, and whole grains
  • don’t supplement w/ calcium
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14
Q

PERT

A

Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

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15
Q

IBS

A
  • Low FOG Diet

- monitor stress levels & track foods to elevate stress when eating (elimination diet)

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16
Q

Ulcers

  1. treatment
  2. Diet
  3. Omit
A

Eroded mucosal lesion

  1. treatment: antacids and antibiotics
  2. Diet: avoid late night snacks
  3. Omit: cayenne, peppers, excess caffeine and alcohol
17
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

*diet

A

Organs are failing (hard to breathe)
pts need PERT (used for growth but w/ malabsorption)
** increases CHO, Fat, Pro, and Na

18
Q

MCT vs LCT

A

MCT (medium TG): coconut oil/palm oil

LCT (Long): Meat, dairy

19
Q

Gluten free foods (6)

A

Rice, potato, corn, soybean, tapioca, flax

20
Q

Uncontrolled diabetes can cause (3)

A

Nephropathy (Kidney damage)
Neuropathy (nerve damage)
Retinopaty (eye damage)

21
Q

Ascites vs Esophageal varices (b/c of cirrhosis)

*diet

A

Ascites - blood cant leave the liver (low sodium if edema)
Esophageal varices- blood can’t enter the liver (low fiber needed)
** needs high protein and kcal

22
Q

Gastritis

*diet

A
  • inflammation of stomach

diet: clear liquids, adv as tolerated

23
Q

ESLD

A

End Stage Liver disease (25% or less function)

- ammonia is accumulating (may need low protein)

24
Q

Alcoholic Liver disease

*diet supp

A

Liver is injured and high TG is present

* needs B vitamins & vita C

25
Q

Digestion sections

A 
Stomach: water & alcohol 
Ileum: bile salt and B12
Duodenum: water and fat voluble vitamins 
Jejunum: Most things 
Colon: biotin, water
26
Q

Celiac disease is a result of interaction w/

A

Glyodine

27
Q

Gallbladder disease

*diet

A

bile is directly released to duodenum

* low fat diet

28
Q

Dumping syndrome

*diet

A

Diarrhea, nauseous, and fatigue d/t rapid gastric emptying

* needs protein and complex CHO and B12

29
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Needs extra protein

30
Q

Tropical sprue

*diet

A

Viral parasitic and bacteria infection

  • causes diarrhea, malnutrition and decrease in B12 and folate
  • needs high pro, B12, Folate supplement
31
Q

Pancreatitis
Acute vs Chronic
*diet

A

Acute: needs to be bowel at rest w/ NPO (eating will hurt pt)
Chronic: recurring attacks (add PERTs)
** low fat, whole grains diet

32
Q

Non-tropical sprue

*diet

A

“celiac disease”
Malabsorption to nutrients
AVOID gluten

33
Q

Diverticulosis

*diet

A

Presence of diverticula

- Needs high fiber diet

34
Q

Ulcerative colitis

*diet

A

Ulcers in colon causing malabsorption

  • lots of diarrhea (loss of electrolytes and weight)
  • elemental diet
35
Q

Gastroparesis

*diet

A

Delayed gastric emptying d/t surgery, diabetes and viral infection s
* eat small meals, pureed foods, avoid high fiber and avoid high fat

36
Q

Crohn’s disease

*diet

A

Inflammatory bowel disease

  • Crohn’s affects ileum (reduces b12 and iron)
  • lower fiber, high protein, no seeds/pulp or put bowel at rest
37
Q

Diverticulitis

*diet

A

Low residue diet and clear liquid (low fiber)

* gradually go back to high fiber

D2 (7 decks)

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