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Respiratory > 111914 antibiotic use > Flashcards

111914 antibiotic use Flashcards

1
Q

drugs of choice for treating MSSA infec

A

nafcillin (oxacillin)

cefazolin

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2
Q

atypical pneumonia-use what antibiotics?

A

macrolides

doxycycline

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3
Q

anaerobe coverage with

A

metronidazole
clindamycin
meropenem
amoxicillin-clavulante

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4
Q

most common causes of community acquired pneumonia in outpatient setting

A

strep pneumo
mycoplasma pneumoniae
haemophilus influenzae

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5
Q

most common causes of community acquired pneumonia in inpatient (non ICU)

A

S pneumoniae
M penumoniae
H influenzae
Legionella

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6
Q

most common causes of community acquired pneumonia in inpatient (ICU)

A

usually post viral

Strep penumoniae
Staph aureus

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7
Q

antibiotic choice for community acquired pneumonia in outpt

A

previously healthy-macrolide. or doxycycline.

comorbidities-pneumococcal fluoroquinolone. or beta lactam plus macrolide

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8
Q

antibiotic for CAP in inpt (non ICU)

A

no PCN allergy: beta lactam plus macrolide

PCN allergy: pneumococcal fluoroquinolone

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9
Q

antibiotic for CAP in inpt (ICU)

A

no PCN allergy: beta lactam plus macrolide. or pneumococcal fluoroquinolone

PCN allergy: pneumocococal fluoroquinolone plus aztreonam

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10
Q

if aspiration is suspected in CAP, what should you treat with

A

add clindamycin to cover oral anaerobes if the initial regiment doesn’t cover anaerobes

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11
Q

pneumococcus beta lactam to use

A

cefotaxime, ceftriaxone

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12
Q

psuedomonas aeruginosa beta lactam to use

A

piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazadime, cefepime, meropenem, imipenem

aztreonam (mono bactam)

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13
Q

anti pneumococcal fluoroquinolone

A

moxifloxacin

levofloxacin

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14
Q

antipseudomonal fuoroquinolones

A

ciprofloxacin

levofloxacin

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15
Q

macrolides’ coverage

A

respiratory gram positive and gram negative

intracellular atypical pathogens

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16
Q

fluoroquinolones’ coverage

A

pneumococcal
pseudomonal

atypical pathogens

17
Q

tetracyclines’ coverage

A

wide range of gram positive and gram negative in respiratory tract

atypical organisms

18
Q

resistant gram positive bacteria

A

vancomycin
linezolid (bone marrow suppression and neuropathy with prolonged use)
daptomycin (NOT for use in pneumonia)

19
Q

risk factors for MDROs

A

current hospitalization of more than 5 days
hospitalization in acute care hospital for more than 2 days within past 3 months

residents of a nursing home

recipients of recent IV antibiotics, chemo, or wound care

chronic dialysis recently

family member with MDROs

20
Q

pneumonia in HIV–likely it’s what organisms?

A

early: strep pneumo
late: pneumocystic jirovecii, non-tuberculous mycobacteria, histoplasma

21
Q

pneumonia in transplantation pt–likely it’s what organisms?

A

CMV
RSV
aspergillus
mucormycosis

22
Q

travel to SW US–likely what pneumonia organisms?

A

coccicoides

hantavirus

23
Q

CURB-65

A

any of the below get one point:

confusion
BUN>19 mg/dL
respiratory rate over 30
systolic BP under 90 or diastolic BP under 60
age over 65

0: low risk, consider home Rx
1: low risk, consider home Rx
2: short inpt Rx or closely observed Rx
3: severe pneumonia, admit or consider ICU
4 or 5: severe pneumonia, admit or consider ICU

24
Q

what are beta lactams used to cover for CAP?

A

typical organisms (strep pneumo, h influenzae, moraxella)

25
Q

what are the risk factors for penicillin resistant Strep pneumo?

A 
age over 65
beta lactam therapy in past 3 months
alcoholism
multiple medical comobrdities (immunosuppressive illness or meds)
exposure to a child in day care center
26
Q

for HCAP and positive risk factors for MDROs, what do you treat with?

A

broad spec antibiotic therapy

anti psuedomonal beta lactam
PLUS
antipseudomonal fluoroquinolone OR aminoglycoside
PLUS
vancomycin or linezolid if MRSA suspected

27
Q

HCAP but no risk factor for MDROs, what do you treat with?

A

ceftriaxone or
amp/subactam or
ertapenem or
fluoroquinolone

Respiratory (25 decks)

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