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APR > Chapter 21 Hemodynamics And Circulatory > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Hemodynamics And Circulatory Flashcards

1
Q

What are the blood vessels that Carrie’s blood away from the heart to other organs

A

Arteries

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2
Q

What blood vessels carries blood from the tissues back to the heart?

A

Veins

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3
Q

Which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction?

A

Tunica media

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4
Q

Which layer of the arterial wall is primarily composed of elastic and collagen fibres?

A

Tunica externa

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5
Q

When an artery or arteriole is damaged, it’s smooth muscle layer contracts producing what?

A

A vascular spasm

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6
Q

Elastic arteries function as what?

A

Pressure reservoirs

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7
Q

In resting individuals, which vessels serve as a large blood reservoir from which blood can be quickly diverted to other vessels as needed?

A

Veins and venules

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8
Q

Which type of blood vessel plays a key role in regulating blood flow into capillaries?

A

Arterioles

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9
Q

Capillaries are also referred to as?
A) exchange vessels
B) vasoconstrictors
C) vasodilators

A

A) exchange vessels

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10
Q 
Which of the following  is the most important method of capillary exchange?
A) diffusion 
B) transcytosis 
C) bulk flow
D) primary active transport
A

A) diffusion

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11
Q 
Which of the following structures is used to control the flow of blood through a capillary bed?
A) thoroughfare channels
B) pre capillary sphincters
C) post capillary sphincters
D) venules
A

B) pre capillary sphincters

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12
Q

Which of the following types of tissues contains continuous capillaries?

A) skeletal muscle
B) smooth muscle
C) connective tissue 
D) lungs
E) all of the above
A

E) all of the above

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13
Q

What structures are found in veins but not in arteries?

A

Valve

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14
Q

What is the name of the alternative route to a body part through an anastomoses?

A

Collateral circulation

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15
Q

What is the name of the largest driving force for pulling fluid from the interstitial spaces back into capillaries?

A

Blood colloid osmotic pressure

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16
Q

What is the pressure-driven movement of fluids and solutes from the blood into interstitial fluid?

A

Filtration

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17
Q

What is the volume of blood that circulates through the systemic (or pulmonary) blood vessels per minute called?

A

Cardiac output

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18
Q

What two things is cardiac output dependent on?

A

Heart rate and stroke volume

19
Q 
Which of the following would not result in an increase in arterial blood pressure 
A) increased blood volume 
B) increased sympathetic stimulation 
C) increased HR
D) increased arteriolar vasodilation
A

D increased arteriolar vasodilation

20
Q

Which of the following would NOT result in an increase in sympathetic vascular resistance?
A) decreased diameter of systemic arterioles
B) increased blood viscosity
C) decreased length of systemic circulatory route

A

C decreased length of systemic circulatory route

21
Q

What characteristics of blood depends mostly on the ratio of RBCs to plasma volume

A

Blood viscosity

22
Q

Where is the cardiovascular centre located?

A

Medulla Oblongata

23
Q 
All of the following aid in venous return of blood to the heart except?
A) the skeletal muscle pump
B) respiratory pump
C) blood viscosity 
D) venoconstriction
E) venous valves
A

C) blood viscosity

24
Q

What would be a normal response of the CV system to a decreased frequency of action potentials arising from the baroreceptors?

A

Increased systemic vascular resistance

25
Q

Which hormones would NOT stimulate changes that lead to an increase in arterial blood pressure?

A

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

26
Q

What does the myogenic response of smooth muscles result in?

A

More forceful contractions when stretched

27
Q 
In which of the following types of blood vessels is BP NOT pulsing?
A) arteries
B) capillaries 
C) arterioles
D) venules
A

Capillaries and venules

28
Q

Where do all of the Systemic circulatory veins eventually drain into?

A

Superior/inferior vena cava and coronary sinus

29
Q

What does the pulmonary trunk divide into?

A

Left and right pulmonary arteries

30
Q

In fetal circulation, what is the opening between the right and left atria called?

A

Foramen ovale

31
Q

What is the name of the pulse point found at the wrist

A

Radial artery

32
Q

What is the name of the vessels that supplies blood to the intestines

A

Mesenteric artery

33
Q

What is the name of the vessels that supplies blood to the kidneys

A

Renal artery

34
Q

During embryonic development, what are blood vessels formed by?

A

Angioblasts

35
Q

What are blood cells formed by during embryonic development

A

Pluripotent stem cells

36
Q 
Which of the following types of blood vessels have high pulsing BP
A) arterioles
B) capillaries 
C) venules
D) veins
E) vena cava
A

A) arterioles

37
Q

What is the name of the blood vessel that supplies the stomach and spleen?

A

The celiac trunk

38
Q

What is the name of the opening between the R&L atria in the fetal circulation?

A

Foramen ovalis

39
Q

True or false?

The Right subclavian artery is a direct branch of the arch of the aorta?

A

False - it’s the Brachiocephalic branch

40
Q

What happens to the affinity of hemoglobin in O2 of the partial pressure of oxygen is increased

A

It increases

41
Q

Where in the brain is the rhythmically centre located?

A

The medulla Oblongata

42
Q

Where is the Adam’s Apple located

A

In front of the thyroid cartilage

43
Q

True or false?

The Systemic gas exchange depends on the force of contraction of the diaphragm?

A

False - it’s the liver

APR (9 decks)

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