11.2 World Cultures

Question 1

How long have humans lived in Europe?

Answer 1

40,000 years

Question 2

How did early humans survive?

Answer 2

Hunting and gathering. Later they practiced agriculture.

Question 3

What language did Romans speak?

Answer 3

Latin

Question 4

What technologies did the Romans develop?

Answer 4

Concrete and aqueducts.

Question 5

Did the Romans conquer people?

Answer 5

Yes, but they brought their beliefs, languages, and technologies.

Question 6

How did the Roman Empire fall?

Answer 6

The Huns invaded groups of Germanic people. Rome could no longer protect its colonies in Western Europe.

Question 7

Who was Constantine?

Answer 7

A Roman emperor who converted people to Christianity in A.D. 312.

Question 8

Who fought in the Crusades?

Answer 8

Kings and noblemen.

Question 9

Why were the Crusades fought?

Answer 9

To regain Jerusalem for Christianity.

Question 10

Who was Pope Urban II?

Answer 10

A leader of the Catholic Church who called for the Crusades.

Question 11

What is feudalism?

Answer 11

The political and social system in which kings gave land to nobles in exchange for military service.

Question 12

What is a pilgrimage?

Answer 12

A journey to a sacred place.

Question 13

What is industrialized?

Answer 13

Describing a country in which manufacturing is a primary economic activity.

Question 14

When were the Middle Ages?

Answer 14

600 AD to 1300 AD. Also called the Medieval Age.

Question 15

When did the Hundred Years War start?

Answer 15

The war started in 1337 and lasted for over 100 years.

Question 16

What caused the Black Death?

Answer 16

A rapid spread of diseases called a plague that started in 1347.

Question 17

Who was Martin Luther?

Answer 17

A German priest who wrote the 95 Thesis in 1517.

Question 18

What was the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 18

A religious movement started by Martin Luther’s beliefs.

Question 19

What are the two houses of the British Parliament?

Answer 19

The House of Lords and the House of Commons.

Question 20

What are monasteries?

Answer 20

Religious communities that played a key role in education.

Question 21

What happened during the French Revolution?

Answer 21

In 1789, a revolution limited the king’s power and ended the privileges of nobles.

Question 22

What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen?

Answer 22

An important document from the French Revolution stating that government’s power comes from the people.

Question 23

What happened during the Storming of the Bastille?

Answer 23

A huge group of people stormed the Bastille in July 1789.

Question 24

When did the Industrial Revolution take place?

Answer 24

From 1760 to 1830 in Britain.

Question 25

When was World War I fought?

Answer 25

From 1914 to 1918.

Question 26

Who won World War I?

Answer 26

Great Britain, France, Italy, and the United States.

Question 27

When was World War II fought?

Answer 27

From 1939 to 1945.

Question 28

How did World War II start?

Answer 28

By Hitler’s troops invading many nations.

Question 29

How did World War II end?

Answer 29

At Hitler’s death in May 1945.

Question 30

Who was Adolf Hitler?

Answer 30

A dictator responsible for the Holocaust and World War II.

Question 31

How many died in the Holocaust?

Answer 31

6 million people.

Question 32

What were the Axis Powers?

Answer 32

Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Question 33

What were the Allied Powers?

Answer 33

The United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union.

Question 34

What were the fronts of World War II?

Answer 34

Western and Southern Europe, Africa, and the Pacific.

Question 35

What was the Cold War about?

Answer 35

A conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union over the fate of Europe.

Question 36

How did the Cold War end?

Answer 36

When the government of the Soviet Union collapsed.