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Bio 20 > UNIT D - (Respiratory system) > Flashcards

UNIT D - (Respiratory system) Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?

A

Gas exchange

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2
Q

The trachea leads to the…..?

A

Bronchii

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3
Q

The space at the back of the mouth, that leads either to the airway or the esophagus is the…?

A

Pharynx

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4
Q

Oxygen from the air enters the blood stream at what location?

A

alveoli

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5
Q

When the diaphragm contracts (is pulled downward), _______ occurs.

A

exhalation

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6
Q

Hyaline cartilage has primary function?

A

provide some cushioning and minimize friction between the bone ends. Also support the trachea

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7
Q

What divides the left and right side of the nasal cavity?

A

(The nasal septum) — is the cartilage and bone in your nose. The septum divides the nasal cavity (inside your nose) into a right and left side.

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8
Q

Identify two body systems that are directly responsible for breathing.

A

muscular, and skeletal

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9
Q

Identify two actions that create breathing movements.

A

contraction of the diaphragm, and raising of the rib cage

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10
Q

The diffusion of CO2 from the blood to the alveolus and the diffusion of O2 from the alveolus to the blood occur because…….?

A

CO2 is in higher concentration in the blood, and O2 is in higher concentration in the alveolus

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11
Q

A decrease in breathing rate is an indication of…..?

A

low blood CO2

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12
Q

Carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, is primarily carried in the blood as (1) _________ and (2) _____________.

A

carbaminohemoglobin, and bicarbonate ions

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13
Q

Which lung has 2 lobes? right or left?

A

left lung

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14
Q

The opening between vocal cords is the…..?

A

the glottis

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15
Q

Which part of the Respiratory System plays a major role in speech?

A

the larynx

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16
Q

A chamber behind the nose and mouth that leads to the trachea and is part of the digestive system and respiratory system.

A

the pharynx

17
Q

What does the respiratory system release?

A

carbon dioxide

18
Q

The only externally visible part of the respiratory system is the…..?

A

The nose

19
Q

Which blood cells carry the oxygen to the rest of the body?

A

red blood cells, or erythrocytes

20
Q

The process of diffusing oxygen from the blood, into the interstitial fluid and into the cells is….?

A

Internal respiration

21
Q

A cavity within a bone or other tissue, especially one in the bones of the face or skull connecting with the nasal cavities……?

A

The Sinus

22
Q

A cavity within a bone or other tissue, especially one in the bones of the face or skull connecting with the nasal cavities…?

A

windpipe, filters the air we breathe

23
Q

Inside each of your lungs there are tubes called bronchi. These branch into even smaller tubes much like the branches of a tree. What are at the ends of these tubes?

A

alveoli

24
Q

What is the dome-shaped layer of muscle that separates the region of the lungs?

A

The diaphragm

25
Q

Where are lungs suspended in?

A

thoracic cavity

26
Q

The intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage up and out. What process is happening here?

A

Inhalation

27
Q

The intercostal muscles relax, allowing the rib cage to return to its normal position. What process is happening here?

A

Exhalation

28
Q

What is the Vital capacity?

A

it’s the total volume of gas that can be moved into or out of the lungs. It can be calculated as tidal volume + inspiratory reserve ; volume + expiratory reserve volume.

29
Q

What is the Residual volume?

A

the amount of gas that remains in the lungs and the

passageways of the respiratory system even after a full exhalation.

30
Q

What is the Inspiratory reserve volume?

A

the additional volume of air that can be taken into the lungs, beyond a regular, or tidal, inhalation.

31
Q

what is the Expiratory reserve volume?

A

the additional volume of air that can be forced out of the lungs, beyond a regular, or tidal, inhalation.

32
Q

What does the lower respiratory tract contain?

A

the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli that make up the lungs.

33
Q

What does the upper respiratory tract contain?

A

the nasal passages, pharynx, glottis, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea.

34
Q

Each bronchiole ends in a cluster of tiny sacs called….?

A

alveoli

35
Q

Each lung is surrounded by a thin, double-layered membrane is called the?

A

(pleural membrane) — the outer layer of this membrane attaches to the inside of the chest wall.

36
Q

Another word for Windpipe?

A

trachea

37
Q

What does a spirograph represent?

A

the amount of air that moves into and out of the lungs with each breath.

Bio 20 (8 decks)

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