Foot and Ankle

Question 1

Look

Answer 1

-Examine footwear and for any wear and tear
-Patient standing- swelling, scars
(hallux valgus- small shoes)
-Patient now sits- look at the sole of the feet and for ulcers or calluses\

Examine: arches
-flat arches- per planus or posterior tibias dysfunction
-cavus
-club foot
-severs disease

Toes:
-hallux valgus or rigides (RA)

GAIT Test!!

Question 2

Feel

Answer 2

-Medial and lateral malleolus
-Anterior joint line
-feel all toes
-achilles tendon

Pulse:
-Posterior tibialis pulse
-Dorsalis pedis pulse- in 1st webspace of big toe and move back (helps if flex toe)

Question 3

Move

Answer 3

-Flexion and extension
-inversion and eversion (in and out)
-wiggle toes
-point and flex foot

Question 4

Special tests

Answer 4

Muddler’s click:
-squeeze foot/toes with hand > Morton’s neuroma
-Simmond’s test- squeeze calf for reflex (back of chair)
-Grind Test- Push toe back (OA)
-anterior drawer test- suport ankle and pull towards

Question 5

Differentials

Answer 5

Plantar Fascitis
OA- Positive grind test- (toe- push back)
Mortons Neuroma