Atypical Paed Motor Development

Question 1

T/F: male tend to have a slower development timing than female

Answer 1

T: bc males have X and Y genetic vs female have 2 Xs so if something wrong w one X, the other can compensate in girls

Question 2

What is Apgar? Describe it.

Answer 2

Predictor of atypical development

Activity (muscle tone): 0 - absent, 1 - flexed arms and legs, 2 - active

Pulse: 0 - absent, 1 -<100 bpm, 2 -> 100 bpm

Grimace (reflex irritability): 0 - floppy, 1 - min response to stimuli, 2 - prompt response to stimulation

Appearance (skin color): 0 - blue/pale (hypoxic), 1 - pink body/blue limbs, 2 - pink

Respiration: 0 - absent, 1 - slow irregular, 2 - vigororous cry

Question 3

What weights are predictors of atypical development

Answer 3

1. LBW (low birth weight): 2.5 kg
2. Very LBW: 1.5 kg
3. Extreme LBW: 1 kg

Question 4

Describe in general what atypical development looks like prenatally.

Answer 4

• behavior can begin in utero

- less mvm and variability in mvm (usually m contract all together then release)

Question 5

Describe in general what atypical development looks like after birth)

Answer 5

• weak or strong reflex
• prolonged primitive reflex (lack of normal inhibition) => usually after 4 mo
• abnormal m tone = hyper or hypo tonic

Question 6

Describe in general what atypical development looks like in childhood

Answer 6

trauma like concussion

Question 7

What are the principle characteristics of atypical development for righting/equilibrium/protection reactions, muscle tone, motor development, posture

Answer 7

• reactions: poor emergence
• muscle tone:: altered => hypo or hyper
• motor dev: predominant flexor extensor pattern
• posture: asymmnetrical w compensatory movement

Question 8

What does head control look like in atypic development

Answer 8

No attempt to lift head when lifted nor in prone w still legs
supine: pushes back w head (should be chin tuck), hands fisted w lack of arm mvm

Question 9

what does postural control during sitting look like for atypical developmen

Answer 9

risk of lordosis or scoliosis (sideway curvature)

• rather than sitting on bum => will sit on pelvis b/w feet for wider base of support (W sitting position)

Question 10

What does fine motor look like w atypical development (7)

Answer 10

abnormal m tone

Poor dissociation, co-contraction

Unstable MCP w increase pull

Lack in hand manipulation

Strong dominance

Poor sensation

Poor VM integration