Eating Disorders Flashcards
Eating Disorders
pattern of dysfunctional food intake
Eating Disorders: Etiology
specific cause is unknown
genetics: bulimia and anorexia tend to run in families
developmental factors: autonomy may be difficult for the adolescent w/ an overprotective family
family influence: hx of abuse
sociocultural: media influence
* anorexia and bulimia are more prevalent in industrialized societies where food is abundant, and thinness is linked to beauty
Anorexia Nervosa
perception of self as significantly overweight when they are significantly underweight (objectively)
self perception is distorted
insight is poor
Anorexia Nervosa: Onset and Clinical Course
onset: 14-18YO
early stages: see denial as defense mechanism
see isolation and depression growing w/ progression of disorder
complex medical problems w/ progression
6x more likely to die from medical complications or suicide compared to general population
Anorexia Nervosa: Dx
- restriction of energy intake
- intense fear of gaining weight, becoming fat, behavior that interferes w/ weight gain
- undue influence of body weight on self-evaluation
- lack of acknowledgement about seriousness of low body weight
two types:
- restricting
- binge-eating/purging
Anorexia Nervosa: Restricting Type
weight loss is accomplished through dieting, fasting, excessive exercise
Anorexia Nervosa: Binge-eating/Purging Type
Recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging behaviors (self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics, enemas)
Anorexia Nervosa: Physical Problems
- Amenorrhea
- Constipation
- Loss of body fat
- Muscle atrophy
- Hair loss
- Cardiac! Arrhythmias- heart failure- bradycardia
- Electrolyte imbalances – hypokalemia/hypoglycemia
- Renal- dehydration-kidney damage
Anorexia Nervosa: Medical Management
- weight restoration
- nutritional rehab
- rehydration
- correction of electrolyte imbalances
Anorexia Nervosa: Tx
- Medication: amiltryptiline, olanzapine, fluoxetine (keep in mind that SSRI’s can cause weight loss)
- Therapy: CBT, family therapy
- Contraindications: Welbutrin b/c there is increased for seizures and SE is weight loss
Bulimia Nervosa
recurrent episodes of bing eating (eating in discrete period of time, lack of control over the eating)
recurrent compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain
occur at least once a week for 3 months
self evaluation is influenced by. body shape and weight (effects self-esteem)
Bulimia Nervosa: Onset and Clinical Course
onset: late adolescence/early adulthood
insight that eating behavior is pathologic
usually maintain an average weight
Bulimia Nervosa: Tx
- meds: antidepressants (usually SSRIs)
- Therapy: CBT
Bulimia Nervosa: Co-occurring Disorders
- mood disorders
- anxiety
- SUD
- depression more common
- link between bulimia and BPD
- link to hx of sexual abuse
Binge Eating Disorder
- periods of binge eating averaging once a week for three months
- rapid consumption of food while unable to control behavior
- may be overweight
- no purging behavior
