Specific defence system (the immune system)

Question 1

Define specific defence system

Answer 1

It attacks particular (specific) pathogens

Question 2

How does this system work? (2)

Answer 2

It works by:
the production of antibodies
white blood cells destroying body cells that have been infected with a particular pathogen

Question 3

Where are monocytes and lymphocytes formed?

Answer 3

In the bone marrow

Question 4

Once the monocytes and lymphocytes are formed, what happens to them?

Answer 4

They are moved from the bone marrow into blood vessels and into parts of the lymphatic system (lymph vessels and nodes, spleen and the thymus gland)

Question 5

What do monochytes develop into?

Answer 5

macrophages

Question 6

What do macrophages do?

Answer 6

They recognise foreign molecules (antigens) that are present on the surface of pathogens.

Question 7

What happens when a macrophage digests a pathogen?

Answer 7

antigens from the pathogen are normally displayed on the surface of the macrophage

Question 8

Define antigen

Answer 8

It is a foreign molecule that stimulates the production of antibodies

Question 9

In what two ways do lymphocytes fight infection?

Answer 9

1. Some attack body cells that display antigens on their surface.
2. Others produce antibodies