Induced immunity: Active immunity Flashcards
define induced immunity
It is the ability to resist disease caused by specific pathogens by the production of antibodies
Define active immunity
It involves the production of a person’s own antibodies in response to foreign antigens that enter the body.
Define natural active immunity
It occurs when a pathogen enters the body in the normal way (i.e. when you get an infection)
Define artificial active immunity
It occurs when a pathogen is medically introduced into the body
Define vaccine
It is a non disease-causing dose of a pathogen (or its toxin), which triggers the production of antibodies.
How does active immunity develop in a person?
It develops after a person is infected by a virus or bacterium or after vaccination.
Does active immunity give short-term or long-term resistance to infection?
Long term resistance
Why does active immunity give long-term resistance to infection?
because the lymphocytes responsible for producing the particular antibody live for a long time in the body
How many ways can active immunity occur? Name these ways
2 ways: naturally and artificially
What ways can a vaccine by administered?
A vaccine is taken in oral form or by injection
What is in a vaccine?
Vaccines may contain pathogens that are killed or treated so that they cannot reproduce.
Only the outer wall or coat of the pathogen is used, as these contain antigens need to produce antibodies.
What does the outer wall or coat of the pathogen contain?
these contain antigens needed to produce antibodies.
What happens to a person’s body when they recieve a vaccine?
They produce antibodies without suffering the full symptoms. The ability to form these antibodies persists in the body, conferring long-term immunity (often for life)
Name some things that children are vaccinted for
Tuberculosis (BCG injection) whooping cough and tetanus polio mumps and measles rubella
What do booster vaccinations do?
They strengthen the effect of the first treatment
