Chapter 17

Question 1

What was the “infernal machine”

Answer 1

Assassination attempt on Napoleon on the 24th December 1800

Question 2

Significance of the “infernal machine”

Answer 2

indicates that Napoleon was not universally accepted

Question 3

What was Napoleon’s first step to consolidate his power

Answer 3

Plebiscite of 1800

Question 4

What was the voter turnout at the first plebiscite and why is this important?

Answer 4

roughly 25%, got rigged in Napoleon’s favour by Lucien afterwards

suggests that there was no immediate rush of enthusiasm

Question 5

Early similarities between the Ancien Regime and Napoleon

Answer 5

moved into Tuilleries Place
had coins with his effigy minted on
appointed ministers (Cambaceres - Minister of Justice, Fouche - Minister of the Police)
established Prefects - central control

Question 6

Early continuity after the Coup of Brumaire

Answer 6

no further attempt to raise his status
-little dislocation in terms of personnel

Question 7

Jacobinism under Napoleon

Answer 7

not tolerated

(failed dagger conspiracy Oct 1800)

Question 8

Royalists under Napoleon

Answer 8

dealt firmly with outbreaks
military tribunals
(In Brittany 750 Chouan prisoners were shot)

Question 9

Fate of the duc d’Enghien and impact

Answer 9

By 1804 Napoleon’s patience had run out after various assassination attempts, the duc was kidnapped and shot

Ended royalists uprisings

Question 10

Liberal disturbances

Answer 10

Madam de Stael, Benjamin Constant
critical of “dictatorship” and wanted guaranteed rights

irritated Napoleon so much that in 1803 they were banished

Question 11

Napoleons policy’s to sustain his status

Answer 11

Repression - jacobins, royalists, liberals,

Reconciliation - rebels, emigres, priests

Reassure purchasers of the biens nationaux - gave them more power and promised the security of their assets

Prospect of peace Success at Marengo and Piece of Amiens

Question 12

How did Napoleon reconcile France?

Answer 12

Rebels - offering amnesties, protect Catholic religion

Emigres and refectory priests - offered posts and rewards

Question 13

amalgame

Answer 13

ending the social divisions of the ancien regime and reconciling the old nobility with the new ruling elite

Question 14

ralliement

Answer 14

rallying everybody around the regime

Question 15

Battle of Marengo

Answer 15

1800, French victory, success against Austria

Question 16

Peace of Amiens

Answer 16

1802, peace for the first time in a decade in Europe, popular with the bourgeoise

Question 17

When was Napoleon appointed Consul for life?

Answer 17

1802

offered by the senate

Constitution of Year X

another plebiscite

Question 18

What led to Napoleon declaring himself Emperor?

Answer 18

duc d’Enghien conspiracy, resumption of war

Question 19

When was Napoleon consecrated?

Answer 19

2th Dec 04’

ratified by another plebiscite

Constitution of Year XII

Question 20

Constitutional changes in the Constitution of Year X

Answer 20

more power in the hands of nobles

Question 21

When was the Tribunate abolished

Answer 21

10’