Chapter 24 The collapse of the Empire

Question 1

Who did the Senate invited to enter the Throne when the allies entered Paris in April 1814?

Answer 1

Louis XVIII

Question 2

What did the new King claim the freedoms promised to the people were?

Answer 2

personal gift to the people

Question 3

What did Louis XVIII belief in?

Answer 3

divine right to rule

Question 4

What did Louis sign before he entered the throne?

Answer 4

A charter which guaranteed among others
a constitution
fair taxation
equality before the law

Question 5

When was the First Treaty of Paris presented?

Answer 5

May 1814

Question 6

What did the Treaty state

Answer 6

Keep artworks
Borders of 1792
No war indemnity
(very generous)

Question 7

Why was the Vienna Congress held?

Answer 7

Work out details of the treaty of paris I

Question 8

Talleyrand

Answer 8

political survivor, sat for the clergy in the Estates General, Foreign Minister for Napoleon

Question 9

Viscount Castlereagh

Answer 9

British Foreign Minister between 1812 and 1822, favoured moderate liberal rule

Question 10

von Metternich

Answer 10

Foreign Minister of Austria between 1809 and 1848, concern for monarchical government and aristocratic leadership

Question 11

When did Napoleon escape from Elba

Answer 11

March 1815

Question 12

Examples for the people supporting Napoleon

Answer 12

rising in Lyons before he even reached the city 9th March 1815
royal army defected to Napoleon 19th May

Question 13

Why did Louis fail to gain respect from his sub-ordinates?

Answer 13

army officers put on half pay
high taxes
continued conscription
rumours the biens nationaux would be seized

Question 14

How did Napoleon try to consolidate his power?

Answer 14

New constitution and acte additional - attempt to appease the liberals

Question 15

Example of no immediate rush of enthusiasm after the acte additional?

Answer 15

Plebiscite only produced a 22% turnout

Question 16

Disagreements at Vienna

Answer 16

Conflicting interests of the “Great Powers”

-Poland

Question 17

Battle of Ligny

Answer 17

16th June 1815, victory against the Prussians

Question 18

Battle of Waterloo

Answer 18

18th June, Wellington enjoying high-ground, timely arrival of Büchner’s 81.000 Prussians

Question 19

Example for Napoleon’s “Spell” on his army

Answer 19

Imperial Guards fighting at Waterloo even though the battle was turning against them

Question 20

When did Napoleon surrender to the British

Answer 20

15th July 1815

Question 21

When was the new Treaty of Paris signed?

Answer 21

November 1815 (more punitive terms)

• french frontiers reduced to 1790
• French to pay an indemnity
• France to return artworks
• army of occupation under Wellington

Question 22

What was created after the second treaty

Answer 22

Buffer states - Cordon Sanitaire

Question 23

What values were present after the second treaty of Paris?

Answer 23

traditional values of monarchy, conservative principles pushing the clock back

Question 24

Condition of France in 1815

Answer 24

Napoleonic changes remained
Career open to talent
decline in noble influence

Question 25

Condition of the French economy after 1815

Answer 25

Recovery after being released from the continental system

Question 26

Napoleons reputation and legacy (PRO)

Answer 26

• Reforms represented equality of opportunity and enlightmental though
• religious freedom
• established constitutions

Question 27

Napoleon’s reputation and legacy (Contra)

Answer 27

authoritarian state
rigged elections and plebiscites
hereditary rule (subjects not citizen)
central authority (prefects, police, censorship)
Declaration of Rights of Man abandoned