Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
psychotherapy
A
approaches used in treatment of mental disorders and psychological problems
2
Q
3 types of psychotherapy
A
- > insight therapies (talk therapy)
- > cognitive and behaviour therapies
- > biomedical therapies
3
Q
who seeks therapy
A
- > most common presenting problems: anxiety and depression
- > long delays before seeking treatment
- > half do not have diagnosable problem
- > barriers: stigma, finances, access
4
Q
who provides therapy
A
- > clinical psychologists (Ph.D)
- > counselling psychologists
- > psychiatrists (M.D)
- > clinical social workers
- > psychiatric nurses
- > counsellors
5
Q
insight therapy
A
- > uses psychoanalysis
- > started by Freud and followers
6
Q
4 techniques of insight therapy
A
Free association
- > spontaneous expression of thoughts and feelings
Dream analysis
- > symbolic meaning
Analysis of resistance
- > defensiveness: inability to talk about certain things
Analysis of transference
- > (projects onto therapist) and counter-transference (therapists reacts in accord to projections rather than objectively)
7
Q
client centred therapies
A
- > nondirective
- > help client self-actualize
Techniques
- > provide positive supportive therapeutic climate
Communicate
- > genuineness
- > empathy
- > unconditional positive regard - non judgmental attitude
8
Q
client-centered therapy
A
- > clarification and emotion-focused therapy (so what you’re saying is X)
- > active listening (echo, restate, clarify)
- > therapists and clients work together as equals
- > key tasks: clarify clients feelings
- > distress reflects lack of congruence in self concept (want view of self to reflect reality…. in a nice way)
9
Q
positive psychology
A
- > increase understanding of positive, adaptive, creative and fulfilling aspects of life
2 main approaches
- > well being therapy
- > positive psychotherapy
10
Q
relationship therapy
A
couples counselling: often combines marital and sexual therapy
family system therapy
- > assumes all in family are interconnected
- > we need to connect to members emotionally
- > mend broken relationships
- > rules and boundaries: differentiating self from family
11
Q
group therapy
A
- > simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group
- > participants: describe problems, share viewpoints, discuss strategies
- > therapist: select participants, set goals, protect clients, model behaviours, promote cohesiveness
- > self-help groups, i.g. eating disorders, substance use
- > efficient, effective, normalize problems, support
12
Q
behaviour therapies
A
- > apply learning principles to change maladaptive behaviours
- > don not focus at all on underlying causes
BF Skinner (founder) and colleagues
- > assumed all behaviour is a product of learning
- > learn new, adaptive ones
13
Q
techniques of behaviour therapies
A
- > Flooding
- > Systematic desensitization
- > Aversion therapy
- > Modelling, imitation roleplaying/behavioural rehearsal
- > Token economy
14
Q
flooding
A
- > intense exposure to feared stimuli
15
Q
Systematic desensitization
A
- > client exposed (in vivo or imagined) to series of stimuli related to their phobia (fear) and taught to relax at each stage and not avoid it
*create anxiety hierarchy
*teach relaxation skills
*work through hierarchy systematically
