11.3

Question 1

Sex-linked

Answer 1

Dominant: When the trait carried on the X/Y chromosome is dominant

Recessive: When the trait carried on the X/Y chromosome is recessive

Question 2

Autosomal

Answer 2

Recessive: When both parent are carriers (Aa).

Dominant: When one parent is affected/a carrier (AA/Aa)

Question 3

Carrier

Answer 3

Heterozygous genotype (Aa)

Question 4

X-inactivation

Answer 4

When one X chromosome becomes a Barr body

Question 5

Pedigree

Answer 5

A diagram of inheritance

Question 6

Differences and similarities modes of inheritance

Answer 6

Autosomal: Not linked with gametes
Sex-linked: Only linked with gametes

Autosomal recessive: Just carriers
Autosomal dominant: At least 1 affected parent

Sex-linked recessive: When the genotype on the X/Y chromosome is recessive
Sex-linked dominant: When the genotype on the X/Y chromosome is dominant

Question 7

Gain of function mutation vs. loss of function mutation

Answer 7

Gain of function causes a gene to gain a new, abnormal function
Loss of function causes a gene to lose a function