113 UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS DRILL AND CEREMONIES FUNDAMENTALS Flashcards
(43 cards)
Explain the five purposes of close order drill and how they enable a commander.
Move his unit from one place to another in a standard, orderly manner, while
maintaining the best appearance possible.
Provide simple formations from which combat formations may be readily
assumed.
Teach discipline by instilling habits of precision and automatic response to
orders.
Increase the confidence of his junior officers and of his noncommissioned
officers through the exercise of command, by giving the proper commands
and the control of drilling troops.
Give Marines an opportunity to handle individual weapons.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:Element
An individual, squad, section, platoon, company, or other unit which is part of
a larger unit.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: formation
Formation
An arrangement of elements on line, in column, or in any other prescribed
manner.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: LINE
Line
A formation in which the elements are abreast, except that a section or
platoon is in line when its squads are in line and one behind the other.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: RANK
Rank
A line of Marines or vehicles placed side by side.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: Column
Column
A formation in which elements are placed one behind the other, except that a
section or platoon is in column when its squads are in column and abreast of
each other.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: File
File
A single column of Marines or vehicles one behind the other.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: FLANK
Flank
The right or left extremity of a unit either on line or in column. The element
on the extreme right or left of the line. A direction at a right angle to the
direction an element of a formation is facing.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:INTERVAL
interval
The lateral space between elements on the same line. Interval is measured
between individuals from shoulder to shoulder. It is measured between
elements rather than individuals and between formations from flank to flank.
Unit commanders and those with them are not considered in measuring
interval between elements of the unit with which it is posted.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:Normal Interval
Normal Interval
Normal interval between individuals is one arm’s length.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term:Close interval
Close Interval
Close interval is the horizontal distance between shoulder and elbow when
the left hand is placed on the left hip.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: Alignment
Alignment
The dressing of several elements on a straight line.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: GUIDE
Guide
The individual (base) upon whom a formation, or other elements, thereof,
regulates its march. “To guide” means to regulate the interval, direction,
alignment and cadence on a base file (right, left, or center).
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: CENTER
Center
The middle element of a formation within an odd number of elements or the
left center element of a formation with an even number of elements.
Remember the guide will be included in the count.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: PACE
STEP(half,back,right-left,quick and double time)
Pace
The length of a full step at quick time, which is 30 inches and is measured
from the back of one heel to the back of the other heel.
Step (half, back, right-left, quick & double time)
The distance from heel to heel between the feet of a marching man.
The half step and back step are 15 inches.
The right and left steps are 12 inches.
The steps in quick and double time are 30 and 36 inches respectively.
Discuss the meaning of the following drill term: CADENCE
A rhythmic rate of march at a uniform step.
what are the four characteristics of command voice
voice control
distinctness
inflection
cadence
explain voice control
Voice Control
The voice is controlled by opening the throat, using the mouth to shape the
words, and using the diaphragm to control the volume.
The loudness of a command is adjusted to the number of men in the unit.
The only position for giving commands is at the position of attention
The most important muscle used in breathing is the diaphragm. This is the
large muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.
The cavities of the throat, mouth, and nose act as amplifiers and help to give
fullness and projection to the voice.
explain distinctness
Distinctness
All commands can be pronounced correctly without loss of effect.
Distinctness depends on the correct use of your tongue, lips, and teeth which
form the separate sounds of a word.
To develop the ability to give clear, distinct commands, practice giving
commands slowly and carefully, prolonging the syllables. Gradually increase
your rate of delivery until you develop the proper cadence, while continuing
to enunciate each syllable distinctly
explain inflection
Inflection is the rise and fall in pitch and tone in the voice.
Explain: Cadence
Cadence when speaking in regards to commands means a uniform and
rhythmic flow in words.
The interval between commands is generally of uniform length for any given
troop unit. This is necessary so that everyone in the unit will be able to
understand the preparatory command and will know when to expect the
command of execution.
Except when supplementary commands need to be given, the best interval of
time for the squad or platoon on the march is that which allows one step to
be taken between the preparatory command and the command of execution.
what are the two types of drill commands
Preparatory Command
command execution
explain Preparatory command
is the command which indicates the movement to be
executed.
Beginning Pitch is in normal speaking voice.
Rising in inflection.
explain command of execution
is the command which indicates when a movement is to
be executed.
Beginning Pitch is higher than the last pitch of the preparatory command.
No inflection.
The Snap is given sharply and succinctly