GU Assessment Primer (From BP only)

Question 1

What objective assessments do we make for a urine sample?

Answer 1

• Appearance
• Color
• Smell

Question 2

What is the desired result of a urinalysis?

Answer 2

• NAD

* No Abnormalities Detected

Question 3

What is the normal pH range for urine?

Answer 3

• 5-8.5

Question 4

True or False

In healthy people, there can be a small amount of urobilinogen in urine.

Answer 4

• True, due to normal erythrocyte breakdown, liver function and bile excretion

Question 5

What are some causes of hematuria?

Answer 5

• Tumors of renal tract
• Urine infection
• Renal trauma or calculi
• Anticoags
• Menstruation in females

Question 6

What may be some cause of proteinuria?

Answer 6

• Infection
• Hypertension
• Diabetes
• Gout
• Amyloidosis

Question 7

True or False

Urethral or vaginal discharge can affect the result of a urinalysis

Answer 7

• True

Question 8

Presence of bilirubin in urine can indicate…

Answer 8

• Obstructive jaundice

* Hepatocellular damage

Question 9

What may ketonuria indicate?

Answer 9

• Poor nutrition

* Diabetes

Question 10

What may glycosuria (glucose in urine) indicate?

Answer 10

• Diabetes

* Pregnancy

Question 11

What may the presence of nitrates in urine indicate?

Answer 11

• That there is bacteria present and possible infection

Question 12

What may produce a false negative for blood and glucose in urine?

Answer 12

• Presence of ascorbic acid

Question 13

What may produce a false negative for bilirubin in urine?

Answer 13

• Not using a fresh urine sample

Question 14

Urine w/ a high alkalinity can give a false positive for…

Answer 14

• Protein

Question 15

What are common urinary labs?

Answer 15

• Creatinine clearance (24hr collection)/ Composite urine collection
• Urine culture
• Residual urine
• Urine cytology

Question 16

Why would a urine culture be done?

Answer 16

• To determine UTI causative organisms

Question 17

What is the purpose of a residual urine test?

Answer 17

• To determine bladder dysfunction

Question 18

What is the purpose of a urine cytology test?

Answer 18

• To identify abnormal cells/cancer

Question 19

What is the purpose of a creatinine clearance (24hr urine collection) test?

Answer 19

• To measure what is in the urine

* To evaluate kidney function

Question 20

How is a 24hr clearance test collected?

Answer 20

• Pt urinates, but does not collect the first urination of the day. This starts the 24 timer
• Pt collects and keeps cool all urine OP for the next 24hrs

Question 21

What is urea?

Answer 21

• Waste product of protein breakdown

Question 22

What is the normal range for urea?

Answer 22

• 6-24 mg/dL

Question 23

What is creatinine?

Answer 23

• Waste product of muscle breakdown

Question 24

High creatinine levels may indicate…

Answer 24

• Kidney disfunction

Question 25

What is a cystoscopy used for?

Answer 25

• To visualize and assess the urethra and bladder

Question 26

What position is a patient receiving a cystoscopy placed?

Answer 26

• Lithotomy: on back with knees up and legs spread

Question 27

Is anesthetic used for a cystoscopy?

Answer 27

• Yes, general or local may be used

* Fluids need to be given before the procedure if general anesthesia is to be used

Question 28

What are normal symptoms for a pt to experience post cystoscopy?

Answer 28

• Burning
• Urination frequency
• Urine color

Question 29

What abnormalities must be assessed for post cystoscopy?

Answer 29

• Bleeding
• Infection
• Urine retention

Question 30

What is the specific gravity range for urine?

Answer 30

• 1.010-1.020