aortic regurgitation

Question 1

causes of acute AR

Answer 1

infective endocarditis
aortic dissection
traumatic - blunt chest trauma
iatrogenic

Question 2

chronic causes AR

Answer 2

age related calcification 
congenital 
rheumatic heart disease
IE 
Marfan's

Question 3

features of acute AR

Answer 3

sudden collapse
pulmonary oedema
pallor
sweating

Question 4

features of chronic AR

Answer 4

exertional dyspnoea
orthopnoea
paroxsysmal nocturnal dyspnoea

Question 5

OE

Answer 5

corrigan’s pulse
De Musset sign - head bobbing
widened pulse pressure

Question 6

diastolic murmur - features

Answer 6

early
loudest aortic area
soft S1

Question 7

when in surgical intervention indicates

Answer 7

enlarged asc aorta
symptomatic AR
L ventricular ejection fraction ≤50% 
end diastolic diameter >70
end systolic diameter >50