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History > US involvement in Vietnam > Flashcards

US involvement in Vietnam Flashcards

1
Q

When did the battle begin between the Vietnamese and french troops/where?

A

13 march 1954

dien bien phu

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2
Q

What were the two main reasons for battle?

A

vietnam was a french colony french lost control of vietnam when japan occupied it during WW2
france want to regain its colony
*Vietnamese (Vietminh) wanted vietnamese independence

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3
Q

When did Ho Chi Minh announce vietnam was a democratic republic of vietnam?

A

August 1945 when japan surrender

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4
Q

Why did Ho Chi Minh need US help?

A

to secure Vietnamese independence from the french

but USA didn’t really want to help because they feared they would make it communist

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5
Q

What happened at Dien Bien Phu?

A

french built an airstrip to lure vietminh into battle and waited for an attack
BUT vietminh were already surrounding the french with 50,000 solider and artillery

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6
Q

When did Dien Bien Phu end and who lost?

A

7 May 1954 French surrender

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7
Q

Why did the french lose?

A

French asked USA for military and eisenhower considered it but at that point they just ended war with Korea lost many solider and knew congress would refuse to send troops in

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8
Q

Why did Vietminh win?

A

Local support-villagers helped dig new road to move supplies
Local condition:understood the country
China’s help:supplied them with weapons and troops
Vietminh commitment worked day and night

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9
Q

When was the Geneva accords?

A

21 July a day after french surrender

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10
Q

What were the agreements for the Geneva accords?

A

vietnam was temporarily divided along 17th parallel
Ho Chi Minh would run the northern part
Bao Dai would run the south
Vietnamese troops could move north and south for 300 days after agreement
July 1956 election would be held across both sides of vietnam to decide on the government of a united vietnam

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11
Q

Was anyone happy after theer accords?

A

no USA and south vietnam refused to obey Accords

north vietnam wanted it to be divided from the 13 parallel and to hold election in 6 months

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12
Q

What was the domino theory?

A

Eisen hower feared if vietnam became communist other would follow so he set up SEATO this meant the countries involved agreed to act together if necessary to stop communism spreading in Asia

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13
Q

Who is Diem?

A

took control of south vietnam
anti-communist
Bao Dai went to france so diem took over

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14
Q

Why was Diem government weak?

A

many communist in south which controlled northern areas
Diem was catholic,most Vietminh were Buddhist so religious clashes
gave government job to his family excluding other groups

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15
Q

How did Eisen hower support Diem and why?

A

sent advisers to train south vietnamese army (ARVN)

because eisen hower wanted ARVN to win control of south vietnam and for US to fight a limited war

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16
Q

Who spoke against Diem and what was the consequence?

A

October 1955 bao dai spoke against his polices and diem response was to hold a referendum so people could vote which leader they wanted

17
Q

Who won the election in 1955?

A

US helped set them up and they were fixed

diem won

18
Q

What did Diem do after the elections?

A

changed the government
stopped villagers electing their own officials
widely resented government officials in charge

19
Q

Why were there no election in 1956 in south vietnam?

A

he said his government was not about when Geneva Accords were agreed
US still supported by sending aid

20
Q

What did Diem do to the people who opposed him?

A

arrested religious and political opponents
denounce communist campaign-urged ppl to report communist to government
1957 sent ARVN to countryside to arrest communist & killed 2000

21
Q

Who were the VC?

A

Vietnamese communist who fought against diem government

22
Q

Why did North vietnam support the VC?

A

to start a revolution but there was none because of the government
however in may 1959 north Vietnamese with china’s help sent troops and weapons to south through ho chi minh trail

23
Q

Who were the NLF and what did they do?

A

National Liberation front
organised political opposition to Diem
members went to villagers by night and urged villagers to disobey government officials and support local VC group

24
Q

What did Kennedy do?

A

president in 1961
agreed with domino theory & limited war
more advisers to south
said normal fighting tactics were failing

25
Q

What is the meaning of pacification and counter-insurgency?

A

PACIFICATION-winning the hearts and minds of people

COUNTER-INSURGENCY-fighting guerrilla both by military attacks and by winning the support

26
Q

What did Kennedy want?

A

told advisers to use counter insurgency tactics to isolate VC
US and ARVN troops to hunt VC
policy of pacification for troops and south Vietnamese gov to win support of villagers

27
Q

Why was it hard for ARVN to win over villagers?

A

they looked down on them and saw ARVN as part of a corrupt government

28
Q

Who were green berets/what did they do?

A

US special forces went to train villagers to protect them from VC
BUT they came in the day and VC came at night

29
Q

What was the Hamlet programme/Why was it made?

A

Dies idea
large villager surrounded by barbed wire & guarded by ARVN with facilities (school,clinics)
Made to stop VC from recruiting villagers

30
Q

Why did the Hamlets fail?

A

did not want to leave their homes,the graves of their ancestors
Diem failed to provide food for villagers

31
Q

Who was Quang Duc?

A

Buddhists Monk who set him self on fire on 11 June

protested against Diem persecution of Buddhist

32
Q

What happened on 6 May?

A

troops fired on Buddhist procession killing 9 ppl

june they banned people flying flags for Buddhist birthday

33
Q

What were Kennedy aims?

A

new gov to act democratically
to win over ppl of south vietnam
withdraw US adviser

34
Q

When was Kennedy assassinated?

A

22 Nov 1963

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