PL - Organic reactions *01

Question 1

acid hydrolysis of ester - products

Answer 1

splits the ester into a carboxylic acid and an alcohol

Question 2

acid hydrolysis of an ester - conditions

Answer 2

reflux the ester with a dilute acid (hydrochloric or sulfuric)

Question 3

base hydrolysis of ester - products

Answer 3

carboxylate salt and an alcohol

Question 4

base hydrolysis of a ester - conditions

Answer 4

reflux with a dilute alkali (sodium hydroxide)

Question 5

acyl chloride functional group

Answer 5

-COCl

Question 6

acyl chloride - general formula

Answer 6

CnH2n-1OCl

Question 7

acyl chloride - reaction with alcohols

Answer 7

vigorous reaction at room temp.

produce an ester and HCl

Question 8

acyl chloride - reaction with amines

Answer 8

violent reaction at room temp.

produce an secondary amide and HCl

Question 9

acid hydrolysis of an amide

Answer 9

heat with dilute acid (HCl) —> carboxylic acid + ammonium salt (NH4Cl)

Question 10

base hydrolysis of an amide

Answer 10

heat with dilute alkali (NaOH) —-> carboxylate ion + ammonia gas (NH3)