Functionalism (Theory) Flashcards
Durkheim
Consensus view
Macro theory (society is shaped by institutions)
socialisation within education
learn norms, values, competition, religion + morality, achievement
Organic Analogy
society works like the human body
institutions are the organs + society relies on them to work
if one fails the whole system fails
Value Consensus
people have shared norms and values taught through socialisation
religion brought togetherness + created solidarity
Social Solidarity
the ties that bind us together in society
Mechanical Solidarity
pre industrial
small communities / strong ties / shared values
Organic Solidarity
Industrial
larger cities / weaker ties / people leave due to better jobs
Durkheim - important subjects
History - builds pride and belonging
Division of labour - Durkheim
learning skills and knowledge needed for jobs
- longer in education
- unique people in job roles
Parsons
looked at family + roles
nuclear family
warm bath theory
Instrumental role - male / breadwinner
Expressive role - female / caring
Strengths of parsons
ensures society carries on
Weaknesses - Parsons
family units are different and change
women are involved in society
Human Capital Theory
skills, knowledge and experience
- built up when learning and working
Rastogi - theory - human capital
men spend longer in the workpace + have more capital - explains why women earn less
Parsons - Education
value consensus - school reaffirms norms and values
- shared understanding + goals
