11.4 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is expansionism?
A policy of extending a nation’s boundaries.
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
Land bought from France in 1803 that nearly doubled the size of the United States.
What is Manifest Destiny?
The belief that the U.S. was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific across North America.
What does secede mean?
To withdraw from a nation, usually in an attempt to gain independence.
What is segregation?
Forced separation by race, religion, ethnicity, or gender.
What major belief drove U.S. expansion in the 1800s?
Manifest Destiny—the belief that the U.S. should expand across the entire continent.
What territories were added to the U.S. in the 1800s?
1803: Louisiana Purchase
1845: Texas Annexation
1846: Oregon
1848: Mexican Cession
1852: Gadsden Purchase
1867: Alaska
1898: Hawaii
Who could vote in the U.S. around 1800?
Only white men who owned property.
What were early reform movements in the U.S.?
Mental health care
Free elementary education
Temperance (ban on alcohol)
Abolition of slavery
Women’s rights
Who was William Lloyd Garrison?
An abolitionist who published a newspaper attacking slavery.
Who was Frederick Douglass?
A former slave and powerful speaker for abolition.
What was Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
A novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe that convinced many northerners to oppose slavery.
Why did the Southern states secede after Lincoln’s election in 1860?
They feared he would abolish slavery and limit states’ rights.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
A statement by Lincoln in 1863 that freed slaves in the Confederate states.
What were the outcomes of the Civil War?
Union victory
600,000 deaths
Slavery abolished
Former slaves made citizens and given the right to vote through three constitutional amendments
What helped the U.S. become a world leader in manufacturing, transportation, and agriculture?
Political stability
Private property rights
Free enterprise system
Inexpensive supply of labor (mostly immigrants)
Growing transportation network
New communication technologies
Who were some industrial giants of the era?
John D. Rockefeller (oil)
Andrew Carnegie (steel)
What were conditions like for factory workers?
Harsh—low wages, long hours, and dangerous environments. Labor unions struggled for rights.
What was the Populist Party?
A reform party formed by farmers and urban workers in the 1890s. They pushed for ideas like the 8-hour workday.
What were the goals of the Progressives in the early 1900s?
End child labor
Gain women’s suffrage
Regulate monopolies
Limit working hours
Give more power to voters
Did the Progressives succeed?
Yes, they achieved many of their reform goals.
