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GCSE RE Flashcards > Judaism: Judaism Beliefs > Flashcards

Judaism: Judaism Beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Concept and Nature of Judaism?

A
  • Judaism is a montheistic religion

- Jews believe that God is one, he is the lawgiver, judge, sustainer and creator

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2
Q

Do Jews said God or G-d?

A
  • Many jews prefer not to say the word “God” out loud and prefer not to write it, so they use “G-d”
  • Jewish God is also known as YHWH (Yaweh)
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3
Q

What does “God as One” mean?

A
  • Only God should be praised and worshiped, God is infinite and eternal, God is beyond human understanding, God is single whole and indivisible, God created and sustains everything in the universe, all values and beliefs come from God.
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4
Q

What is The Shema?

A
  • A prayer that affirms belief in the One God, it is found in the Torah
  • The opening line is recited twice a day and reminds Jess of their montheistic beleif
  • “Hear, O Israel, the lord our God, the lord is one.”
  • It also implies that God requires total loyalty
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5
Q

Explain God as Lawgiver.

A
  • God gives laws on how people should behave
  • God gave the Jews 613 Mitzvot to follow and they are accepted as the code of conduct for Jewish Life, the first 10 mitzvot are the 10 commandments.
  • By following the mitzvot it is impossible to disobey God
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6
Q

Explain God as Judge.

A
  • God judges the Jews on how well they follow his laws
  • God is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent
  • His Judgements are fair and merciful, all good actions bring Jews closer to God and ensure favourable Judgement.
  • Jews are judged once a year at Rosh Hashannah and once they die
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7
Q

Explain Shekhinah.

A
  • The Divine Presence
  • Jews believe that God can focus his presence in certain places, this is the Shekinah
  • The shekinah does not mean God is physically present or split into certain parts
  • The word “Shekinah” does not appear anywhere in the Tenakh but is referred to.
  • The Tenakh describes how the Jews were lead by a pillar of cloud at day and a cloud with fire at night, these are acts of the Shekinah.
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8
Q

What is Free Will and Jewish views on it?

A
  • It is the ability to make our own choices
  • Jews believe that God must have created evil. However God gave humans free will
  • The choice to do good rather than bad makes the act more significant to God. However, people sometimes choose to misuse their free will - therefore evil has to exist
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9
Q

What are the commandments between man and God?

A

1) Worship no God but me
2) Do not worship idols
3) Do not use my name for evil purposes
4) Keep the Sabbath holy

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10
Q

What are the commandments between man and man?

A

5) Respect your Father and Mother
6) Do not murder
7) Do not commit adultery
8) Do not steal
9) Do not lie
10) Do not be jealous

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11
Q

What are Orthodox Jews views on Creation?

A

They believe the Creation Story exactly and reject evolution and the Big Bang theory.

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12
Q

What are reform Jews views on creation?

A

They believe God created the world using the big bang theory and created humans through evolution.

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13
Q

Explain the Sustainer [Jewish]?

A
  • God sustains the universe - sustains everything needed for life
  • However as a result of free will humans have distributed resources unequally - therefore people in the world have less than they need
  • Jews who choose to help those in need are helping fulfill God’s plan for creation
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14
Q

What are Jewish views on Heaven?

A

Those who are good will enter heaven (Gan Eden)

  • It is believed heaven will be with God, however it is unkown if is a state of contiousness or an actual physical or spiritual place
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15
Q

What is Sheol?

A
  • If you do not go to heaven you go to Sheol

- Sheol is a place of waiting, in sheol your soul is cleaned for heaven

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16
Q

What are Jewish beliefs about resurrection?

A
  • Resurrection is the idea of life after death, a reason for a lack of agreement about the afterlife is that Jews believe that the present is more important
17
Q

What are the Jewish views on The Messiah [origin]?

A
  • The Messiah is the future leader of the Jews, he is expected to live on earth and bring peace to the world during the messianic age
  • The messiah was promised by God
18
Q

What are the Orthodox views on the Messiah?

A
  • In every generation there is a descendent of King David born - with the potential to be the Messiah
  • The messiah will bring about world peace and rule over all humans with kindness and Justice
  • This period of time is called the “Messianic Age”
  • He will be the ultimate teacher of the Torah
  • He will rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. This outlined im the Torah
19
Q

What are the reform views on the Messiah?

A
  • The messiah will not be a person - instead there will be a “Messianic Age”, a time of global peace and harmony.
  • Everyone has a duty to work together to achieve this by following the 3 moral principles and observing religious duties
20
Q

What are key moral principles for Jews?

A
  • Justice
  • Healing the world
  • Kindness
21
Q

What is Justice [judaism]?

A
  • Bringing about what is right and fair, according to the law, or making up for a wrong that has been commited
  • For Jews, pursuing Justice is a sacred duty that can only be achieved when accompanied by truth and peace
  • Jews believe that the Torah and the prophets were sent by God to help people understand and bring about justice in a way that demonstrated mercy
22
Q

What is Healing the World?

A
  • Being involved in God’s work to sustain the world.
  • Healing the world is brought about by an action that brings you closer to God
  • For many Jews it motivates them to increase social justice
  • For Example they may volunteer for a charity that helps the poor or protects the environment
23
Q

What is Kindness?

A
  • Positive caring actions that should be shown to all living things
24
Q

What are Jewish views on the Sanctity of life and what is it?

A
  • Life is precious and holy because it came from God, this belief came from the story of Adam and Eve.
  • The sanctity of life encourages jews to help social issues where it would save a life. For example, it encourages Jews to give blood and donate organs as doing so could save a life
25
Q

What is Pikuach Nefesh?

A
  • Saving a life
  • Pikuach nefesh allows jews to break mitzvot in order to save a life.
  • This is important as some mitzvot could prevent someone saving a life.
  • For example, on shabbat Jews are prohibited from doing any work, this could prevent them saving a life.
26
Q

Explain Abraham and the Promised Land.

A
  • Abraham was a nomad who lived around the city of Ur around 4000+ years ago when most people believed in and worshipped statues of many different God’s.
  • However, Abraham became convinced there was one God who created everything and that it was wrong to worship idols.
  • However, at the time this was a radical belief and most refused to believe it.
27
Q

Explain the Covenant with Abraham

A
  • God’s covenant to the Jews was to protect and favour the Israelites.
  • God also promised to give Abraham the promised land - Canaan for his people.
  • The Jews covenant to God was to live a life dedicated to God.
  • As a sign of this covenant God commanded that all Jewish boys be circumsised.
28
Q

Summarise the Escape from Egypt

A
  • Moses helped the Jews escape egypt into the desert.
  • God unleashed 10 plagues on egypt allowing the Jews to escape.
  • As they escaped Moses parted the red sea so that they could escape
29
Q

Explain the Covenant at Sinai

A
  • God’s covenant to the Jews is that they are God’s chosen people and that God will always protect and bless them.
  • The Jews covenant to God was to listen to him and obey his laws.
  • Moses represents all Jews - Jews today believe this covenant to be still binding.
  • It is a major reason Jews believe they are God’s “chosen people”.
  • God also promised to lead the jews to the promised land

GCSE RE Flashcards (8 decks)

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