Multiple sclerosis

Question 1

What type of pain is present in optic neuritis?

Answer 1

pain on eye movement

Question 2

How do you confirm a diagnosis of optic neuritis

Answer 2

visually evoked potentials

Question 3

Which criteria is used in MS?

Answer 3

MacDonald criteria

Question 4

Name four regions of the CNS affected by MS?

Answer 4

spinal cord, periventricular, posterior fossa, juxtacortical

Question 5

Aside from testing for oligoclonal bands in CSF for MS, what else must you do?

Answer 5

check oligoclonal bands in serum. If presence in serum then not diagnostic, if only present in CSF then this is strongly supportive of diagnosis

Question 6

Patient with acute episode of MS. What is the treatment?

Answer 6

IV methyl-pred

Question 7

Which MS type has the worst prognosis?

Answer 7

primary progressive

Question 8

List two disabilities associated with MS

Answer 8

mobility
spasticity
incontinence (urinary)

Question 9

What bladder symptoms can MS patients complain of?

Answer 9

overactive bladder

retention

Question 10

Management of overactive bladder?

Answer 10

anti-muscarinic drugs, botox injection to detrusor muscle

Question 11

Management of urinary retention?

Answer 11

self catherterisation

Question 12

What is a serious complication of natalizumab?

Answer 12

PML= progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy

Question 13

Which virus are MS patients screened for?

Answer 13

JC virus, this can affect which medication patient can take

Question 14

Why are MS patients screened for JC virus?

Answer 14

serious complication of medication=natalizumab, causing PML (also seen in HIV patients)