Lesson 12 : Circulatory sysetm

Question 1

What do arteries do?

Answer 1

Arteries carry blood away from the heart to an organ. Arteries are typically oxygen-rich.

Question 2

What do veins do?

Answer 2

Veins carry blood to the heart.

Veins are typically oxygen-poor.

Question 3

What is transported by blood?

Answer 3

Glucose/ gases are transported by the blood.

Question 4

What does blood transport?

Answer 4

Blood transports nutrients, hormones, and gases, thermal energy.

Question 5

What is plasma?

Answer 5

• Plasma is the liquid part of the blood.

Question 6

What three components is the blood made of?

Answer 6

• Plasma (liquid part: water, proteins, nutrients.)
• Cells (red blood cells, white blood cells.)
• Platelets - help your blood to clot.

Question 7

What are capillaries and what happens at the capillary level?

Answer 7

• Arteries branch into small blood vessels called capillaries.
• Where gas exchange takes place.
• Oxygen is delivered to cells/tissues.
• Carbon dioxide is picked up and taken to the lungs.

Question 8

What blood does the right side pump?

Answer 8

The right side pumps deoxygenated blood.

Question 9

What blood does the left side pump?

Answer 9

The left side pumps oxygenated blood.

Question 10

Where does the deoxygenated blood enter the heart to become oxygenated?

Answer 10

Deoxygenated blood enters the superior or the inferior vena cava.

Question 11

Describe the path of deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Answer 11

Vena cava - Right Atrium - valve - Right Ventricle - Valve - Pulmonary Artery- lungs

Question 12

Give a vein that carries oxygenated blood.

Answer 12

The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Question 13

Give the artery that carries deoxygenated blood.

Answer 13

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood and takes it to the lungs where carbon dioxide can be removed and oxygen can be picked up.

Question 14

After the blood has become oxygenated in the lungs, where does it go?

Answer 14

• Enters the pulmonary veins.
• Left atrium.
• Valve
• Left ventricle.
• Aortic valve.
• Aorta.

Question 15

What is the aorta and what is its function?

Answer 15

The aorta is the major artery that carries oxygenated blood throughout the body.

Question 16

What is the pulmonary circuit?

Answer 16

The pulmonary circuit is between the heart and lungs

Question 17

What is the systemic circuit?

Answer 17

The systemic circuit is the circuit between the heart and the rest of the body.

Question 18

What is the function and adaptation of arteries?

Answer 18

• Has thick muscular walls: withstands high pressure of blood.
• Thin Lumen so the blood can move quickly in a narrow space.
• Carry blood away from the heart (always oxygen-rich except the pulmonary artery.)

Question 19

What are the 4 adaptations of the capillaries?

Answer 19

• Capillaries really close to cells to exchange substances.
• They have permeable walls.
• Only one cell thick increases diffusion by decreasing the distance that it occurs.
• Large surface area (to volume ratio.)

Question 20

What is the function and adaptation of veins?

Answer 20

• Have thin walls.
• • Larger passageways for blood (internal lumen.)
• Contain blood under low pressure.
• Have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards.

Question 21

What are blood vessels?

Answer 21

• Blood vessels circulate blood.
• Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
• Capillaries branch off from arteries and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
• Veins carry blood to the heart.

Question 22

What are platelets bits of?

Answer 22

Platelets are bits of cytoplasm.

Question 23

What are the atriums and ventricles separated by to prevent backflow?

Answer 23

• Atriums and ventricles are separated by valves to prevent backflow .

Question 24

What provides the heart with oxygen and nutrients?

Answer 24

• The coronary arteries.

Question 25

Why is the left side of the heart thicker?

Answer 25

• Needs to be stronger to provide strong contraction to pump blood around body.

Question 26

What is the pacemaker in the heart?

Answer 26

• A group of nerve cells that control the resting heart rate.

Question 27

What are artifical pacemakers?

Answer 27

Artifical pacemakers are electric devices that correct irregularities in resting heart rate.

Question 28

Where is the pacemaker?

Answer 28

• In the right atrium.

Question 29

TRUE OR FALSE

Blood is a tissue

Answer 29

True
It is a group of cells that carry out a particular function.

Question 30

Why does the heart need its own blood supply?

Answer 30

• To supply oxygen to the organ so it can respire.

Question 31

Q.)

1464ml of blood passed through artery in 4.5 minutes.
Calculate the rate of blood flow through artery in ml/ minute

Answer 31

1464ml/ 4.5 minutes =
325ml/ min

Question 32

How are red blood cells adapted tp carry oxygen?

Answer 32

1.) Contains hemoglobin (binds to oxygen)
2.) Prokaryotic so there is space for hemoglobin.
3.) Very flexible to move through narrow vessels.
4.) Biconcave shape: large surface area, for diffusion of oxygen.

Question 33

Q.)

Describe how a person can count the rate of beating of the left ventricle.

Answer 33

• Use heart monitor

Question 34

What is the heart?

Answer 34

• The heart is an organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system.

Question 35

Q.)

What condition can artificial pacemakers treat?

Answer 35

• Irregularities in the heart rate.

Question 36

Where are red, white blood cells and platlets suspended in?

Answer 36

• They are suspended in the plasma.

Question 37

What does the plasma carry?

Answer 37

1.) Carbon dioxide
2.) oxygen
3.) Urea
4.) Products of digestion

Question 38

What is the white blood cells’s function and adaptation?

Answer 38

F: Form part of immune system (fight off disease) ie. making antibodies
A: Contains nucleus with DNA that encodes instructions for white blood cells to do their jobs.