Charles II and the Restoration - 1660 - 1685

Question 1

Charles II (merry monarch)

Answer 1

eldest son of Charles I
King 1660-1685
Catherine of Braganza

Question 2

When was the restoration

Answer 2

23rd April 1661

Question 3

Declaration of Breda

Terms

Answer 3

Proclamation by Charles to people where he promised;

1. indemnity act - pardons for civil war crimes except regicide
2. traditional monarch
3. Elections to create convention parliament from representatives of political nation
4. to pay army and settle land disputes

Question 4

The Popish Plot

Answer 4

Titus Oates - said plot kill Charles for James to rule
James catholic heir concerns
led to 2nd test act

Question 5

second test acts

Answer 5

Excluded Catholics from parliament

Question 6

Exclusion parliament

Answer 6

dismissed Cavalier in 1679 aim to secure rights and freedom in Catholic succession

Question 7

Exclusion Bill

Answer 7

Bypass James for Daughter Mary and William
Rejected Bill and 600k and dissolved parliament 1681 Jan
march 1681 new parliament tried to pass again
Charles funding of £40k from France didnt need parliament

Question 8

Tories v Whigs Exclusion Bill

Answer 8

Whigs wanted to pass

Tories rejected due to Divine Right of Kings

Question 9

Cavalier Parliament

Answer 9

May 1661 - 1679 longest running parliament
made king reliant on money
limitations from long parliament (triennial act) remained

Question 10

How the Cavalier strengthened Charles

Answer 10

Licensing act 1662 - censored press
Mass petitioning banned
1661/62 acts gave Charles control over army and power to raise £70k for 3 years to support army
Act for Safety and Preservation of his majesty’s person and government - Popery illegal
parliament couldn’t make laws without King

Question 11

The Earl of Clarendon

Answer 11

Main adviser 1660-67
forced to resign august
wasnt liked used as scapegoat

Question 12

The Cabal

Answer 12

New advisors - Clifford, Ashley, Buckingham, Arlington, Lauderdale
Arlington most influential, often clashed
wanted more toleration and ally with France

Question 13

Deterioration of Cabal relationship

Answer 13

1672 - King / cabal worsened
high tensions
limited Finance 
inability to fight European war 
religious differences

Question 14

Charles Death/ James

Answer 14

1685, James heir
similar to father intolerant
wanted to end test acts (laws against Catholics)