Rebellion and unrest

Question 1

Criteria for assessing rebellions

Answer 1

• size
• location
• timing
• measures taken
• nature of rebels

Question 2

When was the murder of William Body?

Answer 2

April 1548, 3000 cornish gathered at Helston, murdered for removing images in churches

Question 3

Why were there rural riots in the summer of 1548?

Answer 3

Against enclosures and high inflation -> led to Council voicing opposition to Somerset, so Hales commision (1548-49) enforced legislation against enclosures (mainly Midlands)

Question 4

Western Rebellion (Prayer book)

Answer 4

June 1549
New prayer book in english, protestant murdered removing images, tax + enclosure

• led by Arundell + Vicar Robert Welsh (peasants, common people), 6,000 armed rebels
• no reversal of religious change
• Lord John Russell led brutal response (killing 3,000), Welsh hanged

Question 5

Ketts rebellion

Answer 5

July 1549
Peasants + common people unhappy w/ enclosure, led by Robert Kett (minor gentry)

• attacks on enclosures + 16,000 march on Norwich w/ 29 demands
• 3,000 killed as rebels defeated outside Dussindale by Earl of Warwick
• limited enclosure reform, Kett hanged

Question 6

Lady Jane Grey rebellion

Answer 6

July 1553
Edward changed accession to LJG in devise, aided by Northumberland’s desire to prolong political power

• Edwards devise (June) left throne to Greys, Guildford Dudley marries Jane
• LJG on throne for 9 days before Mary took throne w/ catholic forces (10th-19th July)
• Northumberland executed 22nd July, LJG sent to tower + later executed

Question 7

Wyatt’s rebellion

Answer 7

January 1554
Proposed marriage of Mary to catholic Philip of Spain resisted by Sir Thomas Wyatt, Carew + Croft (knights), xenophobia
4,000 men

• planned to marry E to Edward Courtenay, but only Wyatt in Kent rose + attack stalled at gates of London
• Wyatt surrendered, tried + executed w/ 90 other rebels
• no confession implicating Elizabeth after torture

Question 8

Reasons for poverty

Answer 8

• closure of monasteries meant many not looked after (1536-41)
• idleness (vagrancy) caused poverty + beggary, inable/sick lost credit
• slump of cloth trade eg. Margate led to unemployment
• inflation/population rise caused unrest as many could not afford to eat due to poor harvests 1949-51

Question 9

What is enclosure?

Answer 9

The practice of dividing up land which was once owned by the people, into privately owned areas.

Question 10

Measures taken to help the poor

Answer 10

• 1547 impotent poor to be supported w/ money collected by the Church, idle classed as vagrants + sentenced to death upon a 3rd conviction
• 1552 church actively encouraged contribution to relief to impotent poor, idle poor whipped + sent back to local parish

Question 11

What was estimated population of England by 1551

Answer 11

3.0 million

Question 12

By how many times had prices of foodstuffs risen from 1491 to 1561

Answer 12

multiplied by 3