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FLASH FINALS > Infectious Diseases Doc > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases Doc Flashcards

1
Q

SIRS CRITERIA

A 
2 of:
HR>90 
RR>20
T<36 or >38
WCC < 4000 or >12000
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2
Q

qSOFA

A

RR >22
BP < 100
Altered mental status

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3
Q

Bloods to take in suspected sepsis

A

Cultures plus others as appt. (urine,sputum, ascitic)

Lactate + FBC.U&Es,LFTs,coagulation,CRP

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4
Q

Antibiotics which act on the cell wall

A 
Penicillin 
Cephalosporin
Monobactams - Aztreonam
Carbapenams - meronpenam 
Glycopeptides (vancomycin, teicoplanin)
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5
Q

Antibiotics which act on protein synthesis:

A

Macrolides
Aminoglycosides
Tetracyclines
Clindamycin

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6
Q

Antibiotics which target DNA synthesis

A

Metronidazole
Sulphonamides + trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole)
Quinolones

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7
Q

Where is penicillin excreted

A

Renal

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8
Q

Class of antibiotic which acts on cell wall but is not a beta-lactam

A

Glycopeptides

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9
Q

Antibiotics which are useless in UTI due to gut excretion

A

Macrolides

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10
Q

Antibiotic with main act against anaerobic bacteria

A

Metronidazole

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11
Q

Antibiotic which can enhance the effect of sulphonylureas

A

Co-trimoxazole - due to sulphonamide reaction

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12
Q

Quinolones - broad spectrum but have mainly gram ____ cover

A

Negative

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13
Q

Antibiotics which react with THEOPHYLLINE

A

Macrolides and ciprofloxacin -> increased plasma concentration so can cause seizures

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14
Q

Malaria presentation:

A

Flu-like prodrome
Then fever which is paroxysmal
Sweating

O/E = hepatosplenomegaly

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15
Q

Typhoid: enteric fever: Causative organism

A

Salmonella typhi

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16
Q

Typhoid presentation

A

Abdominal pain, diarrhoea after the first week of malaise

The ROSE SPOT rash appears

17
Q

Typhoid investigation and management

A

Diagnostic investigation is blood culture
Urine and stool cultures may also be helpful
Seek infectious diseases help for treatment/antibiotics

18
Q

Cholera usually seen in

A

India

19
Q

Cholera investigation

A

Stool microscopy and culture

20
Q

Drum stick shaped organism on culture

A

Tetanus

21
Q

Management of tetanus

A

Tetanus immunoglobulin

Metronidazole and penicillin

22
Q

Tetanus prophylaxis in wound management:

A

Vaccine (anti-toxin) or tetanus immunoglobulin

23
Q

High risk would - Tetanus treatment if completed all 5 courses

A

If dose within the last 10 years - no treatment requires regardless of wound severity

24
Q

Patient has had full course of tetanus vaccines with last dose > 10 years ago

A

Reinforcing dose of vaccine (anti-toxin)

If high risk wound - vaccine and immunoglobulin

25
Q

If tetanus history is incomplete or unknown

A

Vaccine regardless of wound severity

High risk: Dose of vaccine and tetanus immunoglobulin

26
Q

Endocarditis investigation: 1st and 2nd line imaging

A

BLOOD CULTURES FROM AT LEAST 3 SITES

1st line is trans-thoracic echo
2nd line is transoesophageal echo - done if prosthetic valve, vegetation’s or non-diagnostic images on TTE.

27
Q

Initial blind therapy endocarditis - native valve

A

Amoxicillin - consider adding low dose gentamicin (AG)

28
Q

Prosthetic valve endocarditis blind therapy:

A

VGR - vancomycin + rifampicin + low-dose gentamicin

29
Q

Native valve endocarditis prove to be staph

A

Flucloxacillin

30
Q

Prosthetic valve endocarditis proven to be staph

A

FRG - flucloxacillin plus gentamicin plus rifampicin

31
Q

Strep viridans endocarditis tx.

A

Be green

Benzylpenicillin plus gentamicin

32
Q

Indications for surgery endocarditis

A 
Severe valvular incompetence 
Aortic abscess 
Resistant infections 
Cardiac failure 
Recurrent emboli after antibiotic therapy
33
Q

Which organism is most likely to colonise a prosthetic valve?
After which time does it go back to the most common cause?
What is the most common cause?

A

Staph Epidermidis

After 2 months it returns to usual most common organism which is Staph aureus.

34
Q

Strep Bovis endocarditis association

A

Colorectal cancer

35
Q

Gold standard test for c.difficile

A

Stool toxin

36
Q

Antibiotic class which causes QT prolongation

A

Macrolides

FLASH FINALS (34 decks)

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