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GCSE AQA Chemistry (Extra) (9-1) > C4 Chemical change > Flashcards

C4 Chemical change Flashcards

1
Q

What is produced when metals react with oxygen?

A

A metal oxide

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2
Q

HIGHER TIER What does OIL RIG stand for?

A

Oxidation Is Loss & Reduction Is Gain (of electrons)

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3
Q

What is oxidation?

A

When a substance gains oxygen (HIGHER TIER or loses electrons)

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4
Q

What is reduction?

A

When a substance loses oxygen (HIGHER TIER or gains electrons)

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5
Q

What type of ions do metals form?

A

Positive ions

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6
Q

What type of ions do non-metals form?

A

Negative ions

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7
Q

Put these metals into order of reactivity from most to least reactive: copper, magnesium, lithium, calcium, iron, zinc, potassium and sodium

A

potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper

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8
Q

What is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

A

A salt and hydrogen gas

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9
Q

What is the test for hydrogen gas?

A

It burns with a squeaky pop

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10
Q

Name a metal that is found ‘natively’ in the ground

A

Gold / platinum

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11
Q

What is the name for a rock that contains enough metal to make it economic to extract it?

A

An ore

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12
Q

What is formed when a metal carbonate and an acid react?

A

A salt + water + carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What is formed when a metal reacts with water?

A

A metal hydroxide

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14
Q

What is formed when magnesium reacts with nitric acid?

A

magnesium nitrate + hydrogen gas

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15
Q

What is formed when lithium reacts with water

A

lithium hydroxide

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16
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in a strong acid?

A

Red

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17
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in a weak acid?

A

yellow or orange

18
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in a neutral solution

A

green

19
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in a weak alkali?

A

blue

20
Q

What colour does universal indicator go in a strong alkali?

A

purple

21
Q

Why can carbon be used to extract iron from its ore?

A

Iron is less reactive than carbon so carbon ‘steals’ the oxygen from the iron oxide

22
Q

Give a word equation for the extraction of iron from iron oxide by carbon

A

iron oxide + carbon -> iron + carbon dioxide

23
Q

What is formed when calcium reacts with sulfuric acid?

A

calcium sulfate + hydrogen

24
Q

What is reduced in this reaction: iron oxide + carbon -> iron + carbon dioxide

A

The iron oxide is reduced (loses oxygen)

25
Q

What is oxidised in this reaction:

iron oxide + carbon -> iron + carbon dioxide

A

The carbon is oxidised (gains oxygen)

26
Q

What is formed when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

A

magnesium chloride + hydrogen

27
Q

What is an acid?

A

Something that produces H+ (hydrogen) ions

28
Q

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

29
Q

What is the formula for sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

30
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid?

A

HNO3

31
Q

What is the state symbol for a solid?

A

(s) e.g. Mg (s)

32
Q

What is the state symbol for a gas?

A

(g) e.g. H2 (g)

33
Q

What is the state symbol for a liquid?

A

(l) e.g. H2O (l)

34
Q

What is the state symbol for a solution?

A

(aq) e.g. H2SO4 (aq)

35
Q

What ion do aqueous solutions of alkalis produce?

A

OH- (hydroxide) ions

36
Q

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

A

7

37
Q

What is the pH of a strong alkali?

A

Between 11 and 14

38
Q

What is the pH of a strong acid?

A

Between 1 and 3

39
Q

What is the pH of a weak alkali?

A

Between 8 and 10

40
Q

What is the pH of a weak acid?

A

Between 4 and 6

41
Q

What is the general equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) -> H2O (aq)

42
Q
A

GCSE AQA Chemistry (Extra) (9-1) (11 decks)

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