Classification of female cycles Flashcards
1
Q
classification (5)
A
- estrous v menstrual
- continuous v seasonal
- spontaneous v induced ovulators
- monoestrous v polyestrous
- short v long cycles
2
Q
estrous cycles
A
- the time between 2 periods of estrus, or 2 heat periods
- estrus is a behavior phenomenon
3
Q
menstrual cycles
A
-humans and old-world primates
4
Q
stages of estrous cycle (6)
A
- proestrous (follicular growth)
- estrus (will accept mating)
- metestrus (post-ovulation)
- diestrus (CL dominance, receptive to pregnancy)
- anestrus (reproductive quiescence)
- interestrus (induced ovulators –> not mated, go out of heat until next wave of follicles grows)
5
Q
follicular phase
A
time when follicles are growing, no CL present on the ovaries
6
Q
luteal phase
A
time when there is an active (progesterone secreting) CL present on one of the ovaries
7
Q
monoestrous
A
have 1 cycle before becoming anestrus
8
Q
polyestrous
A
in the absence of pregnancy, they will have repeated, sequential cycles (may be continuous or seasonal)
9
Q
what determines the cycle lentth
A
lifespan of the CL
10
Q
ultra short cycles
A
- mice and rats
- in the absence of mating, they ovulate, but a fully functional CL doesn’t form
- minimal progesterone
- sterile mating –> CL does form, regresses after 12-14d
11
Q
short cycles
A
- primates, farm animals
- if no pregnancy, CL is actively destroyed
12
Q
long cycles
A
- monoestrous species
- fully functional CL forms after ovulation irrespective of mating, lifespan is fairly independent of whether pregnancy is established or not
13
Q
hypothalamus basic info
A
- drives the whole thing
- secretes GnRH
14
Q
anterior pituitary basic info
A
- transduces coded GnRH signal from hypothalamus and sends to ovary
- uses FSH and LH to do this
15
Q
ovaries info
A
- contain follicles and CL
- follicles respond to gonadotropin signals by gowing and maturing the oocyte, releasing it, and secreting estrogen
- CL forms and secretes progesterone
