DNA Profiling

Question 1

What is DNA profiling?

Answer 1

identifying individuals by comparing their repetitive non-coding base sequences

Question 2

What do non coding DNA not code for?

Answer 2

proteins

this doesnt affect the phenotype

Question 3

Give an example of repetitive non-coding base sequences

Answer 3

CGGAC CGGAC CGGAC CGGAC

Question 4

What does the number of bases in each repeat do?

Answer 4

it varies

e.g. CGGAC = 5

TGAA = 4
CT = 2

Question 5

What do different individuals have different numbers of?

Answer 5

repeats

Question 6

What is forensic use in DNA profiling?

Answer 6

sample of DNA is taken from crime scene and suspects

make multiple copies of DNA samples using PCR

label the DNA feagments with marker

run gel electrophoresis

Question 7

Forensic use - what is the chance of 2 inidividuals having the same number of repeats at every repetitive non-coding base sequence?

Answer 7

very small

suspect 2 DNA’s matches the crime scene

50% match between mother/father/brother/sister e.g. paternitity tests

Question 8

What is the medical use of DNA profiling?

Answer 8

to test for specific combinations of alleles

can diagnose genetic disease
e.g. embryo screening for IVF