26 - Truck Book #3 Flashcards
NFPA 1901 recommends the standards for fire department apparatus and states that the minimum total ladder length to be carried on aerial apparatus is.
115 Ft
NFPA guidelines state that if ladders are marked they should only be marked at the.
top 18 inches
How often should ladders be tested?
Tested annually, inspected and cleaned monthly
NFPA requires heat sensor indicators on all ladders manufactured after.
1984
Where should heat sensors be located on a ladder?
below the second rung and at the halfway point
At what temperature do the ladder heat sensor indicators change color?
300 degrees F
What percent load capacity can an aluminum ladder lose when exposed to heat?
25%
Most of the portable ladder
complements carried on truck companies have a maximum reach between.
35-45 ft
How many firefighters can
effectively carry a 35-foot or greater extension ladder, hand tools, and a roof ladder to the
objective, deploy the ladders, and not be fatigued for the next task.
Two
Based upon these factors the priority order for placement of portable ladders on the fireground should be.
- Fire floor.
- Floor above the fire.
- Adjacent compartments and roof if needed.
When selecting ladders estimate how many feet per floor for residential? How many feet per floor in commercial?
9, 12
The typical run of residential stairs
is how many feet?
13
Common applications for ladders: 14’/16’ Straight/Roof.
2nd floor residential windows
Common applications for ladders: 16’/20’ Straight/Roof.
2nd floor commercial windows/1 story roof
Common applications for ladders: 20’ Straight/Roof
2 story residential roof
Common applications for ladders: 24’ extension
2 story residential roof
3rd floor residential windows
Common applications for ladders: 28’ extension
2 story commercial roof
3rd floor residential windows
Common applications for ladders: 35’ extension
3rd floor commercial windows
3 story residential & commercial roof
4th floor residential windows
Common applications for ladders: 40’ extension
3rd or 4th floor commercial windows
3 story roofs
Common applications for ladders: Aerial
Below grade and any target higher than 4th floor
windows depending upon access and obstructions.
Which of these is not a use for a portable ladder?
In place of scaffolding
What is the minimum total ladder length carried on aerial apparatus as per NFPA 1901?
115 feet
What is the only NFPA requirement pretaining to marking portable ladders?
Only mark the top 18 inches
How often should ladders be tested?
Annually
How often should ladders be inspected and cleaned?
Monthly and after each use
What do you use to clean a portable ladder?
Soap and water
NFPA requires that all ladders have heat sensor indicators if manufactured after what year?
1984
Where are the heat sensor indicators located on a portable ladder?
Below the second rung and at the halfway point
What temperature do the heat sensors change color?
300 degrees Fahrenheit
What percentage of an aluminum ladder’s load capacity is lost when exposed to temperatures over 300 degrees Fahrenheit?
25%
What is the main disadvantage of portable ladders?
Limited reach
How should extension ladders be loaded in the ladder bed of an apparatus?
Alternating fashion
Removal of portable ladders should be done before this task?
Setting stabilizers
Which one is not a reason for laddering a building?
Wires touching a structure
Which of these is the correct order for placement of ground ladders?
Fire floor, floor above the fire, adjacent compartments and roof
How many portable ladders are needed when operating on a roof?
2 at different areas of the roof
What ladder can provide access in place of stairs?
14 foot straight ladder
Which ladders would be appropriate for reaching a third floor residential window?
24 foot extension and 28 foot extension
How many rungs of a ladder should be above the roof line?
3 to 5
Which one of these is not a general rule for portable ladder usage and placement?
Place the ladder directly in front of an entry or exit route
A little giant is what type of ladder
combination
What is the minimum gpm to define a pre-piped water way
over 350 gpm
NFPA 1901 states that the minimum total portable ladder length to be carried on an aerial apparatus is
115 feet
NFPA requires portable ladders to be marked in what manner
top 18 inches
Ladders after 1984 are required by NFPA to contain heat sensors, where are they located
below second rung and halfway point of ladder
If a heat sensor on a portable ladder changes color and is not expired what does this indicate
ladder has been exposed to 300 degree heat and has lost 25% load capacity
Portable ladder placement priority on a fire ground are
- Fire Floor, 2. Floor above, 3. Adjacent or roof
When heeling a ladder you should position
outside of the ladder
Postioning a portable ladder at a window it is preferred to place it
at or slightly below the sill and centered
When using a ladder to span across a trench or in ice rescue, this is known as
bridging
What is the correct sequence when conducting a rescue with the aerial
raise, rotate, extend, lower
If the aerial ladder contacts overhead power lines the operator should
jump from the turn table if collapse or fire occurs
Three main uses for elevated master stream operations are:
- Extinguishment
- Exposure Protection
- Flying standpipe
To protect the aerial ladder from heat, prior to rotating for attack the operator must
have flowing water from the aerial
If fire conditions worsen, to protect the aerial from heat damage
flow a handline onto the aerial
What is the most effective exposure protection?
extiguishing the fire
When deploying a flying standpipe it is important to remember
when a hose is connected to the aerial it is out of service for other tasks
The correct placement for victim removal using a tower ladder is
top rail of bucket level with window sill
The primary reason the platform level can be adjusted while aerial is in operation is for
increasing the range of the water stream
Depending on the wind conditions and placement of the truck company, elevated master streams on a highrise can prevent auto exposure over / up to how high?
can prevent auto exposure of over 100 verticle feet (up to 150 ft.)
Based on NFPA 1901, which recommends the standards for fire department apparatus, what is the minimum total ladder length to be carried on aerial apparatus?
115 feet
What is the reasoning for marking the tips of ladders through the use of fluorescent paint, tapes, etc.?
To increase visibility of the ladder when inside a smoke-filled room or on a roof
How does NFPA require portable ladders be marked?
The top 18 inches only
How often should portable ladders be tested?
Annually
At what temperature do the heat indicators on portable ladders change color?
300 degrees
How should extension ladders be loaded in the ladder bed?
In an alternating fashion
What is the primary reason for general laddering of a building with portable ladders?
To provide avenues for firefighter access and egress
What is the priority order for placement of portable ladders on the fireground?
1st Fire floor, 2nd Floor above the fire, 3rd Adjacent compartments and roof if needed
In order to select the most appropriate portable ladder for the task to be accomplished, how should one estimate occupancies?
9 feet per floor in residential, 12 feet per floor in commercial
What is the intended target for a 28 foot portable extension ladder?
2nd story commercial roof, 3rd floor residential windows
What is the approximate bedded length of a 28 foot portable extension ladder?
16’6”
When heeling a ladder, where should the heeling firefighter position himself?
On the outside of the ladder
If ascending to a roof, where should you place the portable ladder?
At least 3-5 rungs above the roofline
How many ways off of the roof does roof operations require?
Two ways off the roof
In what order can an operator perform movements to prevent occupants from attempting to jump to a ladder while it’s being raised?
1.Raise 2.Rotate 3.Extend 4.Lower
If the aerial encounters an electrical power line, the operator should stay on the turntable and warn all others to stay at least how many feet away?
30 feet
What are the three main uses for elevated stream operations?
Extinguishment, exposure protection and flying standpipe
As a general rule, the elevated master stream should be directed upward at how many degrees through a window or opening to achieve the maximum benefit of any stream inside a structure?
30-degree angle
How may a straight aerial ladder be converted to a flying standpipe?
By removing the tips from the pre-piped water way, leaving the stream strightener and applying a reducer
How is the aerial ladder placement determined for both life and fire travel?
By the type of occupancy and structure
Portable ladders are first and foremost for what?
Access and Egress of firefighters
NFPA 1901 states a minimum total ladder length to be carried on an apparatus is?
115’
The only NFPA requirement pertaining to marking portable ladders is, if marked how much of the tip shall be painted?
18”
What else should be marked to facilitate quicker recognition so as to not unload ladders unbalanced?
Mid point marked
Heat sensor labels change color when the e temperature on the ladder reaches what?
300°
If a aluminum ground ladder is exposed to high heat conditions, it can loose its ability to maintain it load capacity. If exposed how much of its capacity can it loose?
25%
A firefighter must always be diligent of there surroundings. How often should they check for over head power lines, obstacles, and bystanders?
Continuously
If a ladder is loaded heel out, how do you grab it for deploying it?
By the fly section
If a ladder is loader tip out, what do you grab?
The bed section
The typical run of residential stairs is how long?
13’
What ladder is recommended to go over compromised stairs?
14’
If an emergency arises and requires a ladder to be moved, what must be done?
Another ladder placed in original location
When performing a rescue via aerial ladder, what movements should be done?
Raise, Rotate, Extend, Lower
What occupancy most threatened by fire will be the first priority for rescue?
Fire apartment then above
What are the estimated feet per floor for residential and commercial buildings?
9’ and 12’
What are the main advantages of portable ladders?
Versatility and Mobility
What are the three main uses of an elevated master stream?
Extinguishment, exposure protection, and flying standpipe
To achieve maximum benefit of any stream inside a structure, what angle should the stream be upwards?
30°
If placing an elevated stream into operations after a change in modes, what must be done first?
Command does a PAR check to ensure everyone is out
If using a elevated master stream to prevent auto exposure, how many feet can be covered depending on wind?
Over 100’
What is the first and foremost use for portable ladders?
Access and egress of firefighters
NFPA 1901 recpmmends the standards for fire department apparatus and states that the minimum total ladder length to be carried on aerial apparatus as how many feet?
115 Feet
A NFPA requirement pertaining to marking portable ladders is that if marked they shall only be marked at the top what?
18 inches
The ladders should be marked with tape or permanent marker where to facilitate quick recognition so as to not unload the ladder from the bed unbalanced?
Middle
How often should ladders be tested?
Annually
NFPA requires ladders have heat sensors for ladders manufactured after when ?
1984
The heat sensor labels are rated to change color if the temperature on the ladder reaches what temperature?
300 degrees Fahrenheit
The main disadvantage of portable ladders is what?
Limited reach
Most portable ladder complements carried on truck companies have a maximum reach between what?
35 - 45 feet
What will the effective reach of the ladder will depend on?
- The distance from the building
& - The terrain on which the ladder is placed
most portable ladder complements carried on truck companies have a maximum reach between what?
Fire floor
In order to select the most appropriate portable ladder for the task to be accomplished you should estimate how many feet per floor for residential and commercial occupancies?
9 feet residential, 12 feet commercial
The typical run of residential stairs is what?
13 feet
A 24’ extension ladder weighs approximately how much?
70 - 80 pounds
A 35’ extension two section ladder weighs how much?
120 - 150 pounds
When heeling a ladder the heeling firefighter should position where?
Outside of the ladder
If an assigned task demands a firefighter to work from a portable ladder all of the following are options to use except what?
Murphy strap
For access or egress of a window the tip of the ladder should be placed where?
At or slightly below the sill
Situational awareness is critical and firefighters must keep the ladder how far away from overhead lines?
10 feet
Portable ladders are used for all of the following except what?
Confined space rescues
What is used to clean ladders?
Soap and water
After what year does the NFPA require ladders to have heat sensor indicators?
1984
At what temperature(Fahrenheit) are heat sensor indicatros rated to change color?
300
How much of the load capacity can be lost from heat exposure to an Aluminum ladder, even if only exposed for a moment?
25%
While roof operations are ultimately safer if performed from the aerial when possible, If the decision is made to access or operate on the roof, how many ladders should be placed to the roof?
2
Which option would be the appropriate ladder selection if the intended target was a 2 story residential roof/3rd story residential window?
24’ extension
What is the approximate bedded length of a 35’ extension, two section ladder?
20’
On a balcony, when placing the tip of the ladder near the end of the railing where the railing is flush with the exterior wall, how many rungs at a minimum should be above the railing?
2
Situational awareness is critical to ensure sufficient clearance between any overhead lines and the ladder placement. Once in place, how many feet are needed to provide a safe work area for fire service personnel to operate?
10
Depending on wind conditions and placement of the truck company elevated master stream operations can prevent auto exposure over how many vertical feet?
100
What are the three types of ladder carry?
The high shoulder carry, the low shoulder carry, and the suitcase carry
Per the NFPA, how many inches should the tips be marked on ladders?
18
How often should ladders be tested?
Annually
How often must ladders be insoected and cleaned?
Monthly
Where is the heat sensor indicator located on the ladder?
Second rung and at halfway point
What is the primary reason for general laddering of a building?
Provide avenues for firefighter access and egress
