C9 crude oil and fuels

Question 1

crude oil

Answer 1

mixture of many different compounds

mostly hydrocarbons- only contain hydrogen and carbon atoms

Question 2

alkanes

Answer 2

saturated hydrocarbons

contain as many hydrogen atoms as possible in their molecules

Question 3

general formula for alkanes

Answer 3

C n H (2n+2)

Question 4

fractional distillation

Answer 4

separates crude oil into fractions
properties of fractions depend on size of hydrocarbon molecules in it
lighter fractions = better fuels
-ignite more easily
- burn well with less smoky flames

Question 5

test for unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 5

turns orange bromine water colourless

also works for other unsaturated compounds containing C-C double bonds

Question 6

products of cracking

Answer 6

saturated hydrocarbons (used as fuels)
unsaturated hydrocarbons ( alkenes)

Question 7

cracking

Answer 7

large hydrocarbon molecules broken up into smaller molecules 
vapours passed over hot catalyst
OR
mixing them both w steam
\+ heat to very high temp