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Neuroscience - Test 1 > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

0
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum?

A

Maintenance of balance, posture, and coordination

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1
Q

Describe the flow of information to and from the cerebellum.

A

The cerebellum receives information from the pons and sends it to the thalamus and the brainstem

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2
Q

What is an important thing about the cerebellum and movement?

A

The cerebellum DOES NOT direct any movement

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3
Q

What does “cerebellum” mean?

A

“Little brain”

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4
Q

What is the function of the smaller sulci and gyri in the cerebellum?

A

To create more surface area

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5
Q

What are the three cerebellar lobes and where are they located?

A
  1. Flocculonodular lobe - underneath the posterior lobe
  2. Anterior lobe - superior
  3. Middle/posterior lobe
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6
Q

Where does the vermis lie?

A

In the middle of the cerebellum

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7
Q

What directs the input and output to and from the vermis?

A

Input - spinocerebellar pathways

Output - fastigial nucleus

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8
Q

What is the function of the vermis?

A

Keeps us from falling over

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9
Q

What are the four types cerebellar nuclei?

A
  1. Fastigial - located most medially
  2. Emboliform
  3. Globose
  4. Dentate - largest
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10
Q

What two types of cerebellar nuclei are interposed nuclei?

A

Emboliform and globose

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11
Q

What is the function of cerebellar nuclei?

A

Collection of cell bodies that take inputs and send outputs

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12
Q

What are the three types of cerebellar peduncles and what types of information do they carry?

A
  1. Inferior - sensory (afferent fibers)
  2. Middle - sensory (afferent fibers)
  3. Superior - motor and sensory (afferent and efferent fibers)
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13
Q

What are the three cell layers of the cerebellum?

A
  1. Molecular layer
  2. Purkinje cell layer
  3. Granule cell layer
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14
Q

What are the five neuronal cell types and what type of information do they transmit?

A
  1. Purkinje cells - INHIBITORY
  2. Granule cells - EXCITATORY - bifurcate and form the parallel fibers
  3. Basket cells - INHIBITORY
  4. Stellate cells - INHIBITORY
  5. Golgi cells - EXCITATORY
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15
Q

Which neuronal cell has the only output cells to the cerebellar cortex?

A

Purkinje

16
Q

What is the cerebellar glomerulus formed by?

A

Golgi cells axons, granular cell dendrites, and mossy fibers

17
Q

What are the four types of cerebellar cellular fibers and what type of information do they transmit?

A
  1. Mossy fibers - excitatory
  2. Climbing fibers - excitatory
  3. Parallel fibers
  4. Aminergic fibers
18
Q

What is the function of the climbing fibers?

A

Convey error signals

19
Q

What are the three divisions of cerebellum and what do they connect?

A
  1. Vestibulocerebellum - vestibular system to the cerebellum
  2. Spinocerebellum - spinal cord to cerebellum
  3. Cerebrocerebellum - cerebral cortex to the cerebellum
20
Q

What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum?

A

Regulates equilibrium and balance

21
Q

What is the function of the spinocerebellum?

A

Regulates gross limb movements

22
Q

What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?

A

Regulates distal limb voluntary movements

23
Q

What are the three cerebellar arteries?

A
  1. Superior cerebellar artery (SCA)
  2. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
  3. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
24
Q

What does the SCA supply?

A

Middle cerebellar peduncle, superior cerebellar peduncle, deep cerebellar nuclei, and cerebellar white matter

25
Q

What does the AICA supply?

A

Medulla and pons, inferior peduncle, flocculus, vermis, and inferior cerebellar cortex

26
Q

What does the PICA supply?

A

Dorsolateral medulla, inferior/posterior vermis, inferolateral surface of cerebellum, and the dentate nucleus

27
Q

What side of the body do lesions of the cerebellum affect?

A

Ipsilateral side of the body

28
Q

What is ataxia?

A

Voluntary, normal-strength, jerky, and inaccurate movements

29
Q

What are signs of vestibulocerebellar lesions?

A

Ataxic gait, nystagmus, and vertigo

30
Q

What are signs of spinocerebellar/cerebrocerebellar lesions?

A

Dysdiadocokinesia, dysmetria, and decomposition

Neuroscience - Test 1 (7 decks)

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