Skull osteology-Facial bones

Question 1

how many bones does the face have

Answer 1

14

Question 2

what are the 14 bones of the face

Answer 2

2 maxilla
2 zygomatic bones
2 lacrimal bones
2 palatine bones
2 nasal bones
2 inferior nasal conchae
1 vomer
1 mandible

Question 3

how many immovable facial bones are there

what is the movable bone of the face

Answer 3

13

mandible bone of the lower jaw

Question 4

what does the facial skeleton provide

Answer 4

attachments for muscles of mastication and expression

Question 5

the maxillary bones form what

Answer 5

• upper jaw
• hard palate (formed anteriorly by fusing of the palatine processes ad posteriorly by the palatine bones)
• floor of the orbits
• sides of the nasal cavity
• house for the upper teeth (alveolar process)
• maxillary sinuses (largest sinuses in skull)

Question 6

what landmarks can you find on the maxillary bones

Answer 6

inferior orbital fissure

infraorbital foramen -a hole below the orbit for blood vessels and nerves

alveolar process -arch of the maxilla containing the upper teeth

palantine process -a horizontal projection of the maxilla forming the anterior 3/4 of the hard palate

Question 7

whats the maxilla

Answer 7

largest bones of the face except for the mandible and form the upper jaw

Question 8

what does the maxilla do

Answer 8

hold the upper teeth and connects on the right and left to the zygomatic bones (cheek bones)

Question 9

the maxilla forms the boundaries for what 3 cavities

Answer 9

the roof of the mouth

floor and lateral wall of the nose

floor of the orbit

Question 10

what landmarks are on the zygomatic bones

Answer 10

temporal process

zygomatic arch

Question 11

where is the zygomatic bone situated

Answer 11

upper and lateral part of face

Question 12

what do the zygomatic bones form

Answer 12

the prominence of the cheek

part of the lateral wall

floor of the orbit

Question 13

what does the zygomatic bone articulate with

Answer 13

zygomatic arch of the temporal bone

Question 14

were is the ethmoid bone

Answer 14

in front of sphenoid

Question 15

what are landmarks of the ethmoid bone

Answer 15

cribriform plates- hold it together

perpendicular plate- goes downward into nasal cavity & forms nasal septum

superior and middle nasal conchae- coils/folds of bone that project inward into the nasal cavity

ethmoidal sinuses

crista galli- projects into cranial cavity and provides upward attachment for membranes around the brain

Question 16

what does the inferior nasal conchae do

Answer 16

increase surface area in the nasal cavity

warm air

Question 17

inferior nasal conchae forms part of what

Answer 17

lateral walls of nasal cavity

Question 18

whats the vomer bone

Answer 18

its one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull

Question 19

where is the vomer bone located

what bones does the vomer bone touch

Answer 19

midsagittal line

the sphenoid, ethmoid, left and right palatine bones and the right and left maxillary bones

Question 20

what are the lacrimal bones

Answer 20

smallest and most fragile bones of the face

Question 21

where are the lacrimal bones situated

Answer 21

front part of the medial of the orbit

Question 22

what do the lacrimal bones contain

Answer 22

lacrimal sac and the naso-lacrimal duct

Question 23

describe the palatine bones

Answer 23

are posterolateral walls of the nasal cavity

form small parts of the orbits

form the posterior 1/3 of the hard palate via horizontal P

Question 24

describe the vomer bone

Answer 24

is plow shaped

forms lower part of nasal septum

Question 25

palatine bones contribute to the walls of what 3 cavities

Answer 25

the floor and lateral wall of the nasal cavity

roof of the mouth

floor of the orbit

Question 26

whats then mandible

Answer 26

largest and strongest bone of the face

Question 27

what does the mandible do

Answer 27

forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place

Question 28

what does the mandible consist of

Answer 28

a curved horizontal portion

body

2 perpendicular portions

rami which unite the ends of the body nearly at right angles

Question 29

what are the landmarks of the mandible

Answer 29

body- curved horizontal portion of the mandible

rami- 2 upward projections of bone that are perpendicular to the body of the mandible

angle of the mandible- angle formed where the body meets the ramus

condylar process- a condyle on the posterior portion of the ramus that articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

coronoid process- a sharp projection of bone on the anterior portion of the ramus that acts as a point of muscle attachment

alveolar process- arch of bone containing the lower teeth

mental foramen- a small hole on the side of the body for blood vessels and nerves

Question 30

hyoid bone is made up of

Answer 30

greater horn

lesser horn

body

Question 31

what bone does the hyoid bone articulate with

Answer 31

none

Question 32

what does the hyoid bone do

Answer 32

supports the tongue

provides attachment sites for some tongue muscles, muscles of the neck and pharynx

helps keep the larynx open at all times