Impetigo, folliculitis and cellulitis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

Spreading bacterial infection of the skin, involving the deep subcutaneous tissue

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2
Q

How does erysipelas differ to cellulitis?

A

Both are bacterial infections of the skin. Cellulitis affects deep subcutaneous tissues.
Erysipelas is an acute superficial form of cellulitis, involving the dermis and upper subcutaneous tissue

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3
Q

Causes of cellulitis?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes
Staphylococcus aureus

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4
Q

Risk factors for cellulitis?

A

Immunosuppression
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Minor skin injury

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5
Q

Presentation of cellulitis?

A

Most commonly involves LL
Local signs of inflammation - erythema, warmth, pain, swelling
Systemically unwell - fever, malaise, rigors

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6
Q

How is erysipelas physically distinguished from cellulitis?

A

Erysipelas has well define, red raised border

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7
Q

Management of cellulitis?

A

Abx - flucloxacillin (500-1000mg qds for 5-7 days) or benzylpenicillin
Supportive care - rest, leg elevation, sterile dressing, analgesia.
Manage RF for cellulitis - breaks in skin, skin blistering, venous ulcers

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8
Q

Complications of cellulitis?

A

Local necrosis
Abscess
Septicaemia
Osteomyelitis, necrotising fasciitis
Lymphagitis
Endocarditis
Meningitis

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9
Q

Presentation of impetigo?

A

Children
Thin, fluid filled blisters
Red sores
Ruptured blisters - yellow/golden crust
Itchy, painful
Common on face - on philtrum
Fever

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10
Q

Management of impetigo?

A

Localised - topical hydrogen peroxide cream, or fusidic acid cream

Short course of abx - flucloxacillin or clarithromycin

Hygiene measures for family: Do not share towels etc

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11
Q

RF for impetigo?

A

Young age
Breaks in skin
Close contact - schools
Poor hygiene

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12
Q

Complications of impetigo?

A

Highly infectious - do not attend wok/school until 48hrs post starting abx

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13
Q

Causative organisms in impetigo?

A

Staphylococcal and Streptococcal species

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14
Q

What is folliculitis?

A

Inflammation of hair follicle resulting in papules or pustules.
This is due to obstruction or flow disruption in pilosebaceous glands +/- infection.

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15
Q

Presentation of folliculitis?

A

Papules and pustules on the body - but not on palms of hands or soles of feet
Rash of papules/pustules may cause irritation, or may be pain-free
Commonly affect - axilla, beard, face, scalp, thighs, inguinal areas

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16
Q

Common causes of folliculitis?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

17
Q

Ddx for folliculitis?

A

Contact dermatitis
Lupus rash
Milia

18
Q

Management of folliculitis?

A

Avoid precipitating factors - tight clothing, high humidity

Maintain good skin hygiene. Avoid shaving. Use own towels.

Pharmacological - fucidin. Oral abx - flucloxacillin, erythromycin.

19
Q

Complications of folliculitis?

A

Scarring
Recurrance
Keloid formation
Development of furnuncles and carbuncles
Abscess formation