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Health Science > D.O.D #1 - Diabetes > Flashcards

D.O.D #1 - Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

lethargic

A

tired; lack of energy

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2
Q

emesis

A

throwing up

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3
Q

polyuria

A

frequent urination

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4
Q

skin turgor

A

skin elasticity – test to run to see if dehydrated (skin standing up)

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5
Q

hyponatremia

A

low sodium

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6
Q

hyperkaldemia

A

high potassium level in the blood

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7
Q

hyperchloremia

A

high chloride level in blood

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8
Q

insulin

A

a hormone that regulates the glucose level in blood

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9
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid breathing

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10
Q

dry mucus membranes

A

dry mouth and nose; means dehydration

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11
Q

fruity-smelling breath

A

high level glucose causes it to smell sweet

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12
Q

S.O.B.

A

shortness of breath

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13
Q

glucose normal limits:

A

70 to 99 mg/dl

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14
Q

normal blood-glucose range:

A

90-120

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15
Q

ESR:

A

erythrocyte sedmention rate

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16
Q

UA:

A

urinary analysis

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17
Q

WBC:

A

White Blood Cells

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18
Q

RBC:

A

Red Blood Cells

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19
Q

normal white blood cell count

A

4,500-11,000

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20
Q

pulminary embolism

A

blockage in the lungs

21
Q

stinosis

A

narrowing in the heart

22
Q

normal blood sugar

A

under 140 mg/dl

23
Q

hypotensive

A

low blood pressure

24
Q

hypertensive

A

high blood pressure

25
Q

normal blood pressure

A

120/80

26
Q

regular temperature (in celcius)

A

37 degrees

27
Q

mucus membranes

A

lining of body openings - mouth, eyes, nose

27
Q

nauseated

A

sick to the stomach

28
Q

genetic diabetes (nature)

A

type 1

29
Q

developed diabetes (nurture)

A

type 2

30
Q

symptoms of diabetes

A

polyuria, weight loss, lethargy, emesis, dehydration, unbalanced electrolytes

31
Q

injection dependent diabetes

A

type 1

32
Q

early onset diabetes (diabetes with an age of diagnosis at a young age)

A

type 1

33
Q

where are the islets of langerhans?

A

pancreas

34
Q

type 1 is what percent

A

10%

35
Q

type 2 is what percent

A

90%

36
Q

what do the islets of langerhans
do?

A

cells in pancreas that regulate blood sugar, alpha (glucagon) beta (insulin) delta (not sure)

37
Q

normal body function:

A

carbs are broken down in stomach and the liver creates glucose; glucose moves into blood stream; body detects levels are rising; in response, pancreas creates insulin, which feeds the body energy

38
Q

what does insulin do

A

allows glucose to get into cells to be used as energy

39
Q

what happens when the glucose and insulin process doesn’t work properly?

A

Leads to Diabetes

40
Q

how much does insulin does the body make with type 1 diabetes? why?

A

0 insulin because auto immune response where body destroys insulin-producing cells

41
Q

beta cells

A

release insulin = blood sugar goes down

42
Q

alpha cells

A

collect glucagon = blood sugar goes up

43
Q

why do you feel dehydrated when you have diabetes

A

your kidneys try to remove glucose by urinating which causes dehydration/makes you feel thirsty

44
Q

small blood vessel damage:

A

vision, nerve damage, and kidney disease

44
Q

large blood vessel damage:

A

heart disease, stroke, poor blood circulation

45
Q

why does type 2 diabetes happen?

A

glucose is not used properly or there is too much fat -> in response, liver makes more glucose so pancreas makes more insulin as well -> both levels rise causing high blood sugar

46
Q

why is weightloss a symptom of type 1 diabetes?

A

instead of glucose, fat is used as an energy source

47
Q

high glucose can cause:

A

damage to blood vessels -> vital organs

Health Science (18 decks)

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