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1ss23 > CELLS BIOLOGY 1 > Flashcards

CELLS BIOLOGY 1 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the smallest unit of structure and function of living things that carries on life processes

A

Cells

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2
Q

Who discovered cells?

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

It is a box shaped structures look like monks room called?

A

Cells

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4
Q

What year does cell discovered?

A

1665

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5
Q

Who is the first person to see living cells?

A

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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6
Q

He is a botanist that concluded all plants are made of cells.

A

Matthias Schleiden

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7
Q

He is a zoologist that concluded all animals are made of cells.

A

Theodor Schwann

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8
Q

He is a physician that concluded cells come only from other living cells.

A

Rudolf Virchow

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9
Q

Most cells are composed of four elements. What are these?

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

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10
Q

It is group of cells that are similar in structure and function.

A

Tissues

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11
Q

Cells are not all the same. It is true or false?

A

True

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12
Q

All cells share general structures. Is it true or false?

A

True

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13
Q

What are the three main regions of cells?

A

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane

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14
Q

It is the control center of the cell and contains genetic material (DNA)

A

Nucleus

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15
Q

What are the three regions of nucleus?

A

Nuclear envelope (membrane)
Nucleolus
Chromatin

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16
Q

It is the barrier of the nucleus?

A

Nuclear envelope

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17
Q

It consists of a double membrane and contains nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell.

A

Nuclear envelope

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18
Q

It is the sites of ribosome assembly

A

Nucleoli

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19
Q

It migrated into the cytoplasm through nuclear pores

A

Ribosomes

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20
Q

It is composed of dna and protein, present when the cell is not dividing, scattered throughout the nucleus, condenses to form chromosomes when the cell divides.

A

Chromatin

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21
Q

It is a barrier for cell contents, a double phospholipid layer, and also contains proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins.

A

Plasma membrane

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22
Q

What are the double for phospholipid layer?

A

Hydrophilic heads

Hydrophobic tails

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23
Q

What are the three membrane junctions?

A

Tight junctions
Desmosomes
Gap junctions

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24
Q

These are impermeable junctions and bind cells together into leakproof sheets?

A

Tight junctions

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25
Q

Anchoring junctions that prevents cells from being pulled apart.

A

Desmosomes

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26
Q

These junctions allow communication between cells?

A

Gap junctions

27
Q

This is the material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane and site of most cellular activities.

A

Cytoplasm

28
Q

What are the three major elements of cytoplasm?

A

Cytosol
Inclusions
Organelles

29
Q

It is a major element of cytoplasm that is a fluid that suspends other elements.

A

Cytosol

30
Q

It is a major element of cytoplasm which is a chemical substances such as stored nutrients or cell products

A

Inclusions

31
Q

It is the metabolic machinery of the cell or “little organs” that perform functions for the cell.

A

Organelles

32
Q

What are the double membrane, fluid-filled sacs of mitochondria?

A

Folded inner membrane (cristae)

Outer membrane

33
Q

The folded inner membrane of mitochondria is also called?

A

Cristae

34
Q

It is part of the cytoplasmic organelles that provides atp for cellular energy and makes atp from glucose.

A

Mitochondria

35
Q

What is ATP stands for?

A

Adenosine triphosphate

36
Q

It is made of protein and RNA and sites of protein synthesis.

A

Ribosomes

37
Q

It is a fluid filled tubules for carrying substances

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

38
Q

What are the two types of endoplasmic?

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

39
Q

It is a type of endoplasmic reticulum that studded with ribosomes and synthesizes proteins.

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

40
Q

A type of endoplasmic reticulum that functions in lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs and pesticides

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

41
Q

It modifies and packages proteins and produces different types of packages.

A

Golgi apparatus

42
Q

What are the different types of packages that produced by golgi apparatus?

A

Secretory vesicles
Cell membrane components
Lysosomes

43
Q

It contains enzymes produced by ribosomes, it was packaged by the golgi apparatus and digest worn-out or non usable materials within the cell

A

Lysosomes

44
Q

It was also described as a cellular stomach.

A

Lysosomes

45
Q

It is a membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes and replicate by pinching in half.

A

Peroxisomes

46
Q

It detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol and formaldehyde and breakdown free radicals (highly reactive chemicals)

A

Oxidase enzymes

47
Q

Network of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm, provides the cell with an internal framework.

A

Cytoskeleton

48
Q

What are the three different types of elements of cytoskeleton?

A

Microfilaments ( largest )
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules ( smallest )

49
Q

What is the sub unit of microfilaments?

A

Actin

50
Q

What is the subunits of intermediate filaments?

A

Fibrous subunits

51
Q

What is the subunits of microtubules?

A

Tubulin subunits

52
Q

It is a rod shaped bodies made of microtubules and direct the formation of mitotic spindle during cell division.

A

Centrioles

53
Q

It moves materials across the cell surface and located in the respiratory system to move mucus.

A

Cilia

54
Q

It propel the cell

A

Flagella

55
Q

What is the only flagellated cell in the human body?

A

Sperm

56
Q

These are tiny, fingerlike extensions of the plasma membrane and it increase surface area for absorption.

A

Microvilli

57
Q

Erythrocytes has no organelles. Is it true or false?

A

True

58
Q

What are the cells that connect body parts?

A

Fibroblasts

Erythrocytes

59
Q

What is the cell that cover online body organs?

A

Epithelial cell

60
Q

What are the cells that move organs and body parts?

A

Skeletal muscle cell
Cardiac cell
Smooth muscle cell

61
Q

It is a cell that stores nutrients.

A

Fat cell

62
Q

Cell that fights disease

A

White blood cells specifically the macrophage

63
Q

A cell that gathers information and controls body functions.

A

Nerve cell/ neuron

1ss23 (5 decks)

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