Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Psychology > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Hindsight Bias

A

Happens when you make an initial prediction that is later proven correct you will over estimate your original assuredness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3 Categories of Research

A

Experimental, Correlational, Descriptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Experimental Research Method

A

Explore cause and effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Independent Variable

A

the thing that we change/manipulate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Dependent Variable

A

the thing we measure (not manipulated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Confounding Variable

A

the thing outside the experiment that influences the experiment (negative)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Population

A

The people that we are studying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sample Of Population

A

If the population is too large a sample can be taken but it must be a proper representation of that group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Subject Groups

A

Control Group and Experimental Group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Experimental Group

A

Get the IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Control Group

A

Do not get the IV (get a placebo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Control Measures

A

Protect us from CV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Randomization

A

Picking different groups randomly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Single Blind

A

Participants don’t know which group they are in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Double Blind

A

No one knows what group anyone is in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Operational Definition

A

Empirical (can be physically tracked) measure of a vague team

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Correlation Research Method

A

To detect naturally occurring relationships, comparing different pieces of data, correlation does not imply causation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Descriptive Research Method

A

To observe and record behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Types of DR

A

Naturalistic Observations, Case Studies, Surveys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Naturalistic Observation

A

people watching (Don’t let them catch you)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Case Studies

A

In depth looks of a strange phenomena (what is the application to the world)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Surveys

A

Instant, Cheap, Easy to spread

Needs incentive, people will answer willy-nilly

23
Q

Psychology

A

The science or study of behavior and mental processes

24
Q

Wilhelm Wundt (structuralism)

A

Started the 1st psych laboratory and started the modern psych era in 1879, University of Leipzig

25
Q

Structuralism

A

attempting to breakdown the mind into individual parts and study them. (1st school)
- Based in Chem and Physics

26
Q

Introspection

A

Get the patient to look inside and express the emotions they find (not affective, not all people can understand their emotions)

27
Q

Functionalism

A

Theory of evolution applied to humans (2nd school)

- William James (inspired by Charles Darwin, survival of the fittest)

28
Q

Guidelines with Human Subjects

A

Informed Consent, Freedom to withdraw at any time during the research, Protection from harm, Debriefing, Confidentiality

29
Q

Guidelines with Animals

A

Justification of the Research, Personnel, Care and Housing of Animals, Acquisition of Animals, Experimental Procedures, Field Research, Education Use of Animals

30
Q

Informed Consent

A

An ethical principle requiring that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate.

31
Q

Freedom to Withdraw

A

The participant has a right to stop participating at any time.

32
Q

Protection from Harm

A

the right of research participants to be protected from physical or psychological harm

33
Q

Debriefing

A

the post-experimental explanation of a study, including its purpose and any deceptions, to its participants

34
Q

Confidentiality

A

the act of holding information in confidence, not to be released to unauthorized individuals

35
Q

Justification of the Research

A

research should be undertaken with a clear scientific purpose

36
Q

Personnel

A

psychologist should ensure personnel involved in their research with animals be familiar with these guidelines.

37
Q

Care and Housing Animals

A

provided with human care and healthful conditions during stay at research institutions

38
Q

Acquisition of Animals

A

animals must be obtained lawfully

39
Q

Experimental Procedures

A

Any healthcare services, that are determined by the insurance plan to be either; not generally accepted by informed healthcare professionals in the U.S. as effective in treating the condition, illness or diagnosis for which their use is proposed; or not proven by scientific evidence to be effective in treating the condition for which it proposed

40
Q

Field Research

A

research done in natural, real-life settings outside the laboratory

41
Q

Educational Use of Animals

A

animals can be used in classrooms as instructional aids

42
Q

Psychoanalytical Theory

A

Releases conflicts and memories from the unconscious (usually repressed or developmental trauma)
- Sigmund Freud

43
Q

Behavioral Approach

A

Explaining behavior through observation (psychology = objective science, excludes the mental processes)
- John B Watson and Ivan Pavlov
B.F Skinner = Radical Behaviorism

44
Q

Gestalt Psychology

A

Study how the brain works through perception

  • Perception is innate (born with)
  • Focuses on the Whole Aspect not the Pieces
  • German Group
45
Q

Humanistic Approach

A

Clinical viewpoint of emphasizing human ability
- Self actualization
Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow

46
Q

Evolutionary Psychology

A

Claim of evolutionary psych is that the brain evolved to solve problems previously encountered by out ancestors
- Charles Darwin Inspired

47
Q

Biological Approach

A

Experimental psychology focused on how biology shapes behavior and the mental process (Combo of genetics and physiology)
- Roger Sperry and James Olds
Everything ultimately has a biological cause

48
Q

Cognitive Approach

A

Focuses on the way humans process information
- Important in the mid 1950s
- Jean Piaget
Memory focuses

49
Q

Sociocultural

A

How adults and peers influence individual learning along with how cultural beliefs and attitudes affect how learning takes place.
- Lev Vygotsky
Cognitive Psychology
Environmental effects on humans

50
Q

Range

A

Highest - Lowest = Range

51
Q

Mean

A

Average

52
Q

Median

A

Middle number of the data set

53
Q

Mode

A

Most common #

AP Psychology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions